Liphello tsa Karabelo Pakeng tsa Sodium Cyanide le Acid

Sodium cyanide ke motsoako o chefo haholo o ka bang le litlamorao tse kotsi haholo ha o kopana le acid es. Sena karabelong ha e amehe feela maemong a indasteri le a laboratori empa hape e na le litlamorao tse kholo bakeng sa polokeho ea sechaba le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho.

The Chemical Reaction Mechanism

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ke setsi se matla 'me ha se kopana le asiti, ho etsahala lik'hemik'hale. Maikutlo a akaretsang a ka hlahisoa ka tsela e latelang: NaCN + H⁺ → HCN + Na⁺. Ka karabelo ena, ion cyanide (CN⁻) ka sodium cyanide e kopana le hydrogen ion (H⁺) ho tloha asiti ho etsa hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Karabelo ena e ka etsahala le ka li-acid tse fokolang, joalo ka Sodium cyanide ke motsoako o sebetsang haholo ka boteng ba lintho tse asiti.

Tlhahiso ea Khase ea Toxic Hydrogen Cyanide

Phello ea hang-hang le e matla ea karabelo lipakeng tsa Sodium cyanide le asiti ke tlhahiso ea khase ea hydrogen cyanide. Hydrogen cyanide ke ntho e chefo haholo le e fetohang. Le maemong a tlase, ho hema hydrogen cyanide ho ka beha bophelo kotsing. Khase e sebetsa ka ho thibela matla a 'mele a ho sebelisa oksijene boemong ba lisele. Haholo-holo, e tlama ho tšepe ho cytochrome c oxidase, enzyme e amehang ketane ea lipalangoang tsa elektronike ea phefumoloho ea lisele. Tlamahano ena e sitisa phallo e tloaelehileng ea lielektrone, e thibela lisele ho hlahisa adenosine triphosphate (ATP), e leng chelete ea matla ea sele. Ka lebaka leo, lisele li sitoa ho sebetsa hantle, e leng se lebisang matšoao a kang ho hema ka potlako, ho tsekela, hlooho, ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ’me maemong a tebileng, ho lahleheloa ke kelello, ho hlōleha ho phefumoloha le lefu.

Tšilafalo ea Tikoloho

Ho lokolloa ha khase ea hydrogen cyanide tikolohong ka lebaka la karabelo ea sodium cyanide e nang le asiti ho ka baka tšilafalo e kholo ea tikoloho. Moeeng, khase e ka hasana 'me ea ama sebaka se seholo. E ka tsamaisoa ke moea, e ka 'nang ea pepesetsa lichaba tse haufi, liphoofolo tse hlaha le limela liphellong tsa eona tse chefo. Haeba karabelo e etsahala haufi le 'mele oa metsi, hydrogen cyanide e ka qhibiliha ka metsing, ea etsa hydrocyanic acid. Sena se ka lebisa tšilafalong ea metsi a holim'a metsi, e leng se ka senyang bophelo ba metsing. Likokoana-hloko tse phelang metsing li na le kutloelo-bohloko haholo ho cyanide, esita le maemo a tlaase a ka baka tšenyo ho tsamaiso ea methapo ea bona, gill, le litho tse ling tsa bohlokoa, e leng se lebisang ho lefu la bongata - ho fokotseha ha batho ba litlhapi le mefuta e meng ea metsing.

Kotsi ea Mollo le Ho phatloha

Hydrogen cyanide ha e chefo feela empa hape e ka cha. Mefuta e phatlohileng ea hydrogen cyanide moeeng ke 5.6% - 40% ka molumo. Haeba karabelo lipakeng tsa sodium cyanide le asiti e etsahala sebakeng se koaletsoeng kapa se se nang moea hantle moo khase ea hydrogen cyanide e ka bokellanang ho fihla ka har'a sebaka sena se phatlohang, 'me ho na le mohloli oa ho tima (joalo ka tlhase, lelakabe le bulehileng, kapa sebaka se chesang), ho na le kotsi e kholo ea mollo kapa ho phatloha. Ketsahalo e joalo e ka baka tšenyo e eketsehileng ea thepa, ho lokolloa ho eketsehileng ha lintho tse chefo, le ho beha bophelo ba ba arabelang maemong a tšohanyetso le baahi ba haufi le bona kotsing.

Mehato ea Thibelo le Tšireletseho

Ho thibela litlamorao tse kotsi tsa karabelo lipakeng tsa sodium cyanide le asiti, ho tlameha ho lateloe melaoana e tiileng ea polokeho. Libakeng tsa indasteri tse sebetsanang le sodium cyanide, polokelo e nepahetseng ke ea bohlokoa. Sodium cyanide e lokela ho bolokoa sebakeng se phodileng, se omileng, hole le li-acids le lintho tse ling tse sebetsang. Lisebelisoa li boetse li lokela ho ba le mekhoa e lekaneng ea ho kenya moea ho thibela khase ea hydrogen cyanide haeba ho ka lutla kapa ho etsahala ka phoso. Basebetsi ba tšoarang sodium cyanide ba lokela ho koetlisetsoa mekhoa e nepahetseng ea tšireletso, ho kopanyelletsa le tšebeliso ea thepa ea ho itšireletsa e kang khase - lisutu tse thata, lisebelisoa tsa ho hema le liatlana. Ha ho ka tšolloa kapa ho belaelloa karabelo, merero ea karabelo ea tšohanyetso e lokela ho ba teng, e ka kenyelletsang ts'ebeliso ea li-neutralizing agents ho arabela ka khase efe kapa efe e lokollotsoeng ea hydrogen cyanide kapa ho sebelisoa ha lisebelisoa tse monyang ho ba le marotholi a mokelikeli.

Qetellong, karabelo lipakeng tsa sodium cyanide le asiti ke tšokelo e kholo bophelong ba batho, tikoloho le polokeho. Ho utloisisa liphello tse ka bang teng tsa karabelo ena ke habohlokoa bakeng sa liindasteri tse sebetsanang le lik'hemik'hale tsena, hammoho le ba arabelang maemong a tšohanyetso le sechaba ka kakaretso. Ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong mehato e nepahetseng ea ts'ireletso le ho hlokomela likotsi, monyetla le ho teba ha liketsahalo tse amanang le sodium cyanide le karabelo ea asiti li ka fokotsoa.