Mekhoa e Molemo ka ho Fetisisa ea Karabelo ea Tšohanyetso ho Liketsahalo tsa Sodium Cyanide

Selelekela

Sodium cyanide ke lik'hemik'hale tse chefo haholo tse sebelisoang haholo liindastering tse kang tsa merafo, electroplating, le tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale. Leha ho le joalo, chefo ea eona le monyetla oa ho ba le litlamorao tse matla ha ho ka etsahala, li hloka mehato e tiileng ea polokeho le ho hlophisoa hantle tšohanyetso ea karabo merero. Sengoliloeng sena se ikemiselitse ho fana ka kakaretso e felletseng ea mekhoa e metle ea ho sebetsa sodium cyanide likotsi ho sireletsa bophelo, thepa, le tikoloho.

Ho utloisisa sodium cyanide

Sodium cyanide ke phofo e tšoeu ea kristale kapa granular. Ha e kopana le metsi, liasiti, kapa lintho tse ling tse itseng, e ka ntša khase ea hydrogen cyanide, e leng ntho e chefo e ngata ea lik'hemik'hale e thibelang ho fofonela. Khase ena e kena-kenana le matla a 'mele a ho sebelisa oksijene, e leng se lebisang ho bolaeng ka potlako ha motho a ka pepeseha. Motsoako ona o na le litlamorao tsa tsamaiso, 'me tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng (boko), tsamaiso ea pelo le methapo ea mali (pelo le methapo ea mali), le tsamaiso ea matšoafo (matšoafo) e leng eona e amehang haholo ts'ebetsong ea eona. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore le hoja khase ea hydrogen cyanide e ka 'na ea e-ba le monko o monate oa almonde ho ba bang, karolo e kholo ea baahi ha e khone ho e lemoha,' Sodium cyanide ha e nkhe ha e omme.

Boitokisetso ba Tšohanyetso

Tlhahlobo ea Kotsi le Moralo

• Lemoha Likotsi: Etsa tlhahlobo e phethahetseng ea lits'ebetso tsohle le libaka tsa polokelo moo Sodium cyanide se sebedisoang kapa se bolokilwe. Etsa qeto ea maemo a ka bang teng bakeng sa ho lutla, ho qhalana, kapa ho lokolloa, joalo ka ho hloleha ha lisebelisoa, liphoso tsa batho, kapa likoluoa ​​tsa tlhaho.

• Hlahisa Merero ea Karabelo ea Tšohanyetso: Etsa meralo e qaqileng e hlalosang liketso tse lokelang ho nkoa haeba ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea liketsahalo tsa sodium cyanide. Merero ena e tlameha ho kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho falla, mekhoa ea puisano, le mekhoa ea ho tlosa litšila.

• Hlalosa Likarolo le Boikarabelo: Abela batho ka bomong kapa lihlopha tse fapaneng mesebetsi. Ka mohlala, khetha balaoli ba liketsahalo, lihlopha tsa pholoso, ba arabelang ho tsa bongaka, le lihlopha tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho. Netefatsa hore motho e mong le e mong o utloisisa karolo ea hae le leano la ho arabela ka kakaretso.

Koetliso le Lithupelo

• Fana ka Koetliso ea Kamehla: Koetlisa basebeletsi bohle ba ka 'nang ba ameha ho sebetsaneng le sodium cyanide kapa ho arabela ketsahalong. Koetliso e lokela ho akaretsa thepa ea sodium cyanide, mekhoa e sireletsehileng ea ho tšoara, tšebeliso ea thepa ea ho itšireletsa (PPE), le mekhoa ea ho arabela maemong a tšohanyetso.

• Etsa Lithupelo: Kamehla etsa lithupelo tsa tšohanyetso ho leka ho sebetsa ha meralo ea ho arabela. Li-drill li lokela ho etsisa maemo a fapaneng a liketsahalo, ho kenyeletsoa ho qhalana ha lintho tse nyenyane, ho lokolloa ka bongata, le maemo a amang basebetsi ba lemetseng. Sekaseka liphetho tsa boithuto bo bong le bo bong ho hloaea libaka tse lokelang ho ntlafatsoa.

Thepa le Lisebelisoa

• Sesebelisoa sa Botho sa Tšireletso: Netefatsa hore PPE e nepahetseng e teng bakeng sa ba arabelang kaofela. Sena se ka kenyelletsa k'hemik'hale ea Level A kapa ea Level B - biological - radiological - nuclear (CBRN) self - contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) e nang le lisutu tse sireletsang, lik'hemik'hale - liatlana tse hanyetsanang le lik'hemik'hale (ka hare le ka ntle), le lieta tse hanyetsanang le lik'hemik'hale.

• Lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa: E-ba le lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa batho le libaka tse amehileng. Sena se ka kenyelletsa liphaephe tsa metsi tse nang le matla a maholo, lishaoara tsa polokeho, libaka tsa ho hlatsoa mahlo tsa tšohanyetso, le lisebelisoa tse monyang tse kang tse butsoeng. k'habone bakeng sa ho hlwekisa ditshila.

• Pele - Thuso le Lisebelisoa tsa Bongaka: Lisebelisoa tsa thuso ea pele tse nang le li-antidotes tse khethehileng bakeng sa chefo ea cyanide, tse kang 4 - dimethylaminophenol (4 - DMAP) kapa sodium nitrite, hammoho le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bongaka tse akaretsang. Netefatsa hore ho na le basebeletsi ba tsa bongaka ba koetlisitsoeng kapa ba fanang ka thuso ea bongaka maemong a tšohanyetso.

• Lisebelisoa tsa Puisano le Tlhokomelo: Theha mekhoa ea puisano e tšepahalang ho hokahanya boiteko ba ho arabela. Sebelisa likausi tsa moea ho beha leihlo moo moea o leng teng (tse thusang bakeng sa ho lepa ho ata ha mosi o chefo) le lisebelisoa tsa khase ho lekanya bongata ba khase ea hydrogen cyanide moeeng.

Emergency Response

Ho Khetholla Ketsahalo le Tlaleho

• Ho lemoha kapele: Kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa ea ho hlahloba ho lemoha ho lutla ha sodium cyanide kapa ho lokolloa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Sena se ka kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa khase libakeng tseo sodium cyanide e bolokiloeng kapa e sebelisoang ho eona.

• Hang-hang Tlaleho: Theha mokhoa o hlakileng oa ho tlaleha. Ketsahalo leha e le efe e belaelloang kapa e tiisitsoeng ea sodium cyanide e lokela ho tlalehoa hang-hang ho mafapha a ka hare a amehang (a kang polokeho, tsamaiso) le balaoli ba ka ntle (joaloka mafapha a mollo oa lehae, mekhatlo ea tšireletso ea tikoloho). Fana ka lintlha tse qaqileng mabapi le mofuta oa ketsahalo, sebaka, le palo e hakanyetsoang ea sodium cyanide e amehang.

Ho Falla le ho Ikhetha

• Tloha Libakeng Tse Amehang: Tlosa basebetsi bohle bao e seng ba bohlokoa sebakeng seo ho lokolloa ha sodium cyanide ho etsahetse. Sebelisa litsela tse reriloeng esale pele tsa phalliso le libaka tsa kopano. Netefatsa hore bohle ba tlalehoa libakeng tsa kopano.

• Arola Sebaka sa Ketsahalo: Beha sebaka se pota-potileng sebaka sa ketsahalo ho thibela ho kena ntle le tumello. Boholo ba sebaka sa ho itšehla thajana bo lokela ho khethoa ho latela boholo ba tokollo, moo moea o fellang teng, le lintlha tse ling. Ka mohlala, haeba ho na le tokollo e kholo, radius ea ho itšehla thajana e ka hloka ho ba makholo a 'maloa a limithara.

Pholoso le Thuso ea Pele

• Lits'ebetso tsa Pholoso: Lihlopha tsa pholoso tse koetlisitsoeng, tse nang le PPE e loketseng, li lokela ho kena sebakeng se amehileng ho pholosa basebetsi ba lemetseng. Sebelisa li-stretcher ho ntša bahlaseluoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng sebakeng se haufi le kotsi.

• Pele - Kalafo ea Thuso: Fana ka thuso ea pele hang-hang ho bahlaseluoa. Li tlose mohloling oa tšilafalo, 'me haeba li kopane le sodium cyanide, li silafatse letlalo le mahlo a tsona. Bakeng sa ho ama letlalo, hlatsoa ka metsi a mangata bonyane metsotso e 20. Bakeng sa ho shebana le mahlo, hlatsoa ka metsi bonyane metsotso e 15. Haeba motho ea hlokofalitsoeng a bululetse khase ea hydrogen cyanide kapa sodium cyanide, fana ka li-antidote tse loketseng kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang, empa feela ka basebeletsi ba tsa bongaka ba koetlisitsoeng.

Koetliso le Hloekiso - holimo

• E na le Phallo kapa Phallo: Haeba ho khoneha, e-ba le ho qhalana ha sodium cyanide ho thibela ho ata ha eona. Bakeng sa ho qhalana ha mokelikeli, sebelisa lintho tse monyang ho monya lik'hemik'hale. Bakeng sa ho qhalana ho tiileng, kharafu lisebelisoa ka lijaneng tse loketseng. Haeba ho ka lokolloa metsing, nahana ka litšitiso tsa kaho (joalo ka li-boom linōkeng kapa matšeng) ho thibela ho ata ha metsi a silafetseng.

• Hloekisa - ho hloekisa le ho tlosa litšila: Hloekisa sebaka se amehileng ka botlalo. Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa ho hloekisa le mekhoa ea ho hloekisa bokaholimo, lisebelisoa le mobu. Lisebelisoa tsohle tse silafetseng, ho kenyelletsa le lisebelisoa tse monyang, li tlameha ho lahloa ka nepo ho latela melao ea sebaka.

Post - Latela Ketsahalo

Tlhokomelo ea Tikoloho

• Tlhokomelo ea Moea le Metsi: Etsa tlhahlobo e tsoelang pele ea moea le metsi tikolohong ea sebaka sa ketsahalo. Sheba hore na ho na le khase e setseng ea hydrogen cyanide moeeng le li-ion tsa cyanide metsing. Bea leihlo nako e telele ho netefatsa hore tikoloho e khutletse boemong bo sireletsehileng.

• Mehlala ea mobu: Nka lisampole tsa mobu sebakeng se amehileng ho lekola boholo ba tšilafalo. Etsa qeto ea hore na ho na le mehato ea ho lokisa e hlokahalang bakeng sa mobu.

Patlisiso le Tlhahlobo

• Tlhahlobo ea Sesosa sa Motso: Etsa lipatlisiso tse felletseng ho fumana sesosa sa ketsahalo ea sodium cyanide. Sena se ka kenyelletsa ho hlahloba ho hloleha ha lisebelisoa, liphoso tsa batho, kapa mefokolo mekhoeng ea ts'ireletso.

• Seo re ithutileng sona: Sekaseka ts'ebetso ea karabelo ea tšohanyetso ho tseba libaka tse lokelang ho ntlafatsoa. Nchafatsa merero ea karabelo ea maemo a tšohanyetso, mananeo a koetliso, le mekhoa ea polokeho ho latela lithuto tse ithutoang ketsahalong eo.

Puisano ea Sechaba

• Boloka Phatlalatsa Tsebiso: Fana ka lintlha tsa kamehla ho sechaba sa lehae mabapi le ketsahalo ena, boiteko ba ho arabela, le liphetho tsa tlhokomelo ea tikoloho. Shebana le mathata afe kapa afe kapa lipotso tse tsoang ho sechaba ho boloka ponaletso le ts'epo.

Qetellong, karabelo e lokiselitsoeng hantle le e hokahaneng ea tšohanyetso e bohlokoa ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea liketsahalo tsa sodium cyanide. Ka ho latela mekhoa ena e metle, liindasteri li ka sireletsa basebetsi ba tsona, sechaba le tikoloho hamolemonyana likotsing tse amanang le k'hemik'hale ena e chefo haholo.