Ukujongana noSetyenziso oluBanzi lweSodium Cyanide kuMgodi weGolide

Kwishishini lemigodi yegolide, inkqubo yokukhupha i-cyanidation ihlala isisiseko sokukhupha igolide kwi-ore. Nangona kunjalo, umba wokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-Sodium cyanide ngexesha lokuphuma kwemigodi yegolide awugcini nje ngokunyusa iindleko zokusebenza kodwa ubeka nemingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwizokhuseleko. Le posi yebhlog ijonga izizathu eziphambili, iindlela zokufumanisa ezisebenzayo, kunye nezisombululo ezisebenzayo zokujongana nale ngxaki ixhaphakileyo.

Ukuqonda Oonobangela

1. Iimpawu zeOre

• I-Complex Mineralogy : Ii-ore ezineeminerali ezintsonkothileyo zinokubangela ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-cyanide . Iiminerali ze-sulfide, umzekelo, zisabela kunye ne-cyanide, zenze ii-thiocyanate compounds. I-Arsenopyrite kunye ne-pyrrhotite kwi-ore zinokutya i-cyanide ngokusebenzisa i-oxidation kunye ne-complexation reactions, ziyisusa kwinkqubo yokukhupha igolide.

• Umxholo ophezulu weCarbon : Iintsimbi zeCarbonaceous ziqulathe izinto eziphilayo ezifunxa i-gold-cyanide complexes, into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"preg-robbing." Oku kunyanzela ukongezwa kwe-cyanide engaphezulu ukuze kulungiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha, okubangela ukusetyenziswa kakhulu.

2. Imiba yokuSebenza

• Ukunganyamezelani ngokwaneleyo : Ukungaxutywa ngokwaneleyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuhluza kukhokelela ekungadibani kakuhle kwe-ore kunye nesisombululo se-cyanide. Oku kuthintela ukunyibilika kwegolide kwaye kukhuthaze abaqhubi ukuba bongeze i-cyanide engaphezulu ngethemba lokuphucula amazinga okukhutshelwa.

• Amanqanaba e-pH angaphantsi kwe-pH : I-Cyanidation ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-pH, kwaye uluhlu olufanelekileyo luhlala luphakathi kwe-10.5 kunye ne-11.5. I-pH engaphantsi kolu luhlu ibangela ukuba i-cyanide iguquke ibe yigesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, nto leyo enciphisa ukufumaneka kwayo ukuze inyibilike igolide. Kwelinye icala, i-pH ephezulu kakhulu inokusiphazamisa isisombululo se-cyanide, ikwanegalelo ekusetyenzisweni kakhulu.

3. Umgangatho waManzi

• Amanzi Aqinileyo : Amanzi ane-calcium eninzi, i-magnesium, kunye nezinye ii-ion zesinyithi anokusabela kwi-cyanide, enze ii-complexes ze-cyanide zesinyithi ezinganyibilikiyo. Ezi mpendulo zinciphisa i-cyanide kwisisombululo sokuvuza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kongezwe i-cyanide eyongezelelweyo.

• Umxholo weOksijini enyibilikisiweyo : Nangona ioksijini ibalulekile ekufakweni kwegolide ngexesha lokutsalwa kwe-cyanidation, amanqanaba aphezulu anokukhawulezisa ukutsalwa kwe-cyanide ngokwayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwayo ngokukhawuleza nasekusetyenzisweni kwayo kakhulu.

Iindlela zokufumanisa

1. Ukwenziwa kweSampulu rhoqo kunye nokuHlalutya

Ukuqokelela iisampulu zesisombululo se-leaching kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo enkqubo, kubandakanywa ukutya, okuphakathi, kunye namanqaku okukhupha. Hlalutya ezi sampuli zoxinaniso lwecyanide usebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-titration, i-ion chromatography, okanye i-colorimetric assays. Ukuthelekisa amanqanaba e-cyanide alinganisiweyo kunye nexabiso lethiyori kunokunceda ukuchonga iipatheni zokusetyenziswa okungaqhelekanga.

2. IiParameters zeNkqubo yokuJonga

Hlala ubeka iliso kwiiparamitha eziphambili zokusebenza njenge-pH, ubushushu, isantya sokuphazamiseka, kunye nomxholo weoksijini. Ukuphambuka kuluhlu olufanelekileyo kunokubonisa imiba enokuthi ibe negalelo ekusetyenzisweni okugqithisileyo kwecyanide. Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka iliso ezizenzekelayo ezinokuthi zibangele ii-alamu xa iiparamitha zilahlekile kwimida emiselweyo.

3. Ubume bentsimbi

Yenza uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lwemineralogical kunye neekhemikhali zeebhetshi zentsimbi ekrwada ezingenayo. I-X-ray diffraction (XRD), ukuskena i-electron microscopy (SEM), kunye ne-atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) inokubonelela ngengqiqo ekubunjweni kwe-ore, inceda ukuqikelela ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kunye nokulungelelanisa inkqubo yokukhupha ngokufanelekileyo.

Izisombululo ezisebenzayo

1. Unyango lwangaphambili lwentsimbi

• Unyango lwangaphambi kokuxovwa : Kwii-ore ezineeminerali ze-sulfide, iindlela zonyango lwangaphambi kokuxovwa ezifana nokuroasta, ukuxovwa koxinzelelo, okanye ukuxovwa kwe-bio zingasetyenziswa. Ezi nkqubo ziqhekeza iiminerali ze-sulfide, zinciphisa ukusebenza kwazo nge-cyanide kwaye ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha igolide ngelixa zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide.

• Ukususwa kweKhabhoni : Kwimeko yeentsimbi zeCarbon aceous, ukutsalwa kwangaphambili kwekhabhoni esebenzayo okanye ezinye izinto ezisusa ikhabhoni kunokunceda ekupheliseni isiphumo sokubiwa kwekhabhoni. Oku kuvumela i-cyanide ukuba igxile ekunyibilikiseni igolide endaweni yokutyiwa yi-carbonaceous matter.

2. UPhuculo lweNkqubo

• Uhlengahlengiso lokuVuthelana nokuVuthelana : Qinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba afanelekileyo okuVuthelana nokuVuthelana ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuxubana okufanayo kunye nokudluliselwa kweoksijini ngokugqibeleleyo. Yenza uvavanyo lwesikali somqhubi ukuze kuchongwe isantya sokuVuthelana esifanelekileyo kunye nesantya sokuVuthelana kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeore kunye neemeko zokuvuza.

• Ulawulo lwe-pH : Faka iinkqubo zokulawula i-pH ezizenzekelayo ezinokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo i-pH yesisombululo sokuntywila. Sebenzisa ilayimu okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukugcina i-pH ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, ukuthintela ukubola kwe-cyanide nokuqinisekisa ukunyibilika kwegolide ngokufanelekileyo.

3. Unyango lwaManzi

• Ukuthambisa : Nyanga amanzi enkqubo ukuze ususe ii-ion ezibangela ubulukhuni. Ii-resin zokutshintshiselana kwee-ion okanye ukuthambisa ilime zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ions zingasebenzi, zinciphise ukuphazamiseka kwazo kwisisombululo se-cyanide.

• Ulawulo lwe-oksijini : Yenza ngcono ukunikezelwa kwe-oksijini kwinkqubo yokukhuhla. Sebenzisa ii-sensors ze-oksijini ukujonga nokulawula umxholo we-oksijini enyibilikisiweyo, uqinisekise ukuba yanele i-oxidation yegolide kodwa ingabi ngaphezulu kakhulu enokubangela ukubola kwe-cyanide.

4. Ulawulo lweReagent

• Izinto Ezithatha Indawo yeCyanide : Hlola ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izinto ezikhupha i-leaching ezifana ne-thiosulfate, i-thiourea, okanye izisombululo ezisekwe kwi-chloride. Ezi zinto zithatha indawo zinokubonelela ngempembelelo ephantsi kwindalo esingqongileyo kunye namazinga aphantsi okusetyenziswa xa kuthelekiswa neSodium Cyanide , ingakumbi kwiintlobo ezithile ze-ore.

• Ukuphinda usebenzise i-Reagent : Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokubuyisela kunye nokuphinda usebenzise i-cyanide. Iitekhnoloji ezinje ngokutshintshiselana kwe-ion, ukuphumelela nge-electrowinning, kunye nokuhluzwa kwe-membrane zingasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona i-cyanide kwi-leaching tailings, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunye nokuveliswa kwenkunkuma.

Amanyathelo okukhusela

1. Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi

Ukubonelela ngoqeqesho olubanzi kubasebenzi basezimayini kunye nokulungiswa kweenkqubo ze-cyanidation, ukusebenza kwezixhobo kunye nokugcinwa. Abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakuhle banokuthi bachonge kwaye balungise imiba ngokukhawuleza, beqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokufundisa iqhuba kakuhle nangempumelelo.

2. Uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye neModeli

Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlalutya idatha kunye neendlela zokwenza imodeli ukuhlalutya idatha yembali kunye nexesha langempela. Ngokuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nolungelelwaniso, abaqhubi banokuqikelela iingxaki ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okuzithintela.

3. UPhicotho lwarhoqo kunye noHlolo

Ukuqhuba rhoqo uphicotho lwangaphakathi nangaphandle lwenkqubo ye-cyanidation. Olu phicotho lunokunceda ekuchongeni iindawo zokuphucula, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko, kunye nokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenza kwegolide.

Ukuqukumbela, ukujongana nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-sodium cyanide ekutsaleni imigodi yegolide kufuna indlela eneenkalo ezininzi equka ukuqonda izizathu eziphambili, ukusebenzisa iindlela ezisebenzayo zokufumanisa, ukusebenzisa izisombululo ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela. Ngokwenza njalo, iinkampani zemigodi azinakunciphisa iindleko kuphela kodwa zikwaphucula uzinzo lokusingqongileyo lwemisebenzi yazo yokukhupha igolide.