Ngaba iSodium Cyanide iya kuVolatilize ngokuthe ngqo emoyeni?

Sodium benqanda (I-NaCN) yikhompawundi eyaziwa ngokuba yityhefu ephezulu kwaye isetyenziswa rhoqo kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye ne-chemical synthesis. Ngenxa yobume bayo obunobungozi, ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwayo, ngakumbi amandla okuguquka ngokuthe ngqo emoyeni, kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.

Iipropati zeMichiza yeSodium Cyanide

Sodium i-cyanide imhlophe, yikristale eqinileyo enendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu eyi-563.7 °C kunye neqondo lokubila elingu-1496 °C. Phantsi kweemeko zesiqhelo ze-ambiente, ebonakala ngamaqondo obushushu asuka kwi-20 - 25 °C kunye noxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-atmospheri, ikhona kwimeko eqinileyo. Ukusuka kwimbono esisiseko ye-thermodynamic, izinto zihlala zifuna igalelo lamandla kwinguqu ukusuka kwimeko eqinileyo okanye engamanzi ukuya kwimeko yegesi (i-volatilization). Ekubeni iqondo lobushushu ambient kude ngezantsi indawo abilayo ye sodium cyanide, ayitshintshi ngokukhawuleza ibe yigesi ngokuzenzekelayo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukuguquguquka

Nangona kunjalo, ukuzinza kwe Isodium cyanide inokuchatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Enye into ebalulekileyo yindlela esabela ngayo emanzini kunye neeasidi. Nini Isodium cyanide idibana namanzi, i-hydrolyzes ukuze yenze icyanide yehydrogen (HCN), irhasi eguquguqukayo neyityhefu egqithisileyo. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kunokubonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ulungelelwaniso lwale mpendulo luphenjelelwa yi-pH yesisombululo. Kwiindawo ezine-acidic, ukusabela kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqhubeke phambili phambili, ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-HCN. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-sodium cyanide ibonakaliswe kwimvula ene-asidi okanye amanzi amdaka amashishini ane-acidic, isizukulwana esikhawulezayo segesi ye-HCN singenzeka, enokuthi iguquke emoyeni.

Enye into kukuphakama kobushushu. Nangona amaqondo okushisa angaphantsi anganelanga ukubangela ukuguquguquka ngokuthe ngqo kwe-sodium cyanide ngokwayo, kwiingozi zezoshishino okanye kwiimeko ezingafanelekanga zokugcina apho ukushisa kwendawo kunokunyuka kakhulu, amandla e-kinetic e-sodium cyanide molecules ayanda. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisantya esonyukayo sokusabela kwe-hydrolysis kwaye, ngenxa yoko, amathuba aphezulu okwenziwa kwe-HCN kunye nokuguquguquka.

Ukhuseleko kunye neeMpembelelo zokusiNgqongileyo

Ikhono lokuqulunqwa kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-HCN kwi-sodium cyanide inokhuseleko olubalulekileyo kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo. Kwindawo yokusebenzela, ukuba i-sodium cyanide ayigcinwanga kakuhle okanye ingaphathwa kakuhle, ukuvezwa ngengozi kumanzi okanye i-acids kunokubangela ukukhutshwa kwegesi yeHCN, nto leyo ebeka isoyikiso esibi kwimpilo yabasebenzi. Iimpawu zokuvezwa kwe-HCN zinokusuka kuxinzelelo oluncinci lokuphefumla kunye nesiyezi ukuya ebomini-zimo ezisongelayo ezifana nokubanjwa kwentliziyo kunye ne-coma.

Kwimekobume, ukukhululwa kwe-HCN kwi-sodium cyanide kunokungcolisa umoya, umhlaba kunye nemizimba yamanzi. Isenokwenzakalisa izinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukeneyo, iphazamise inkqubo yendalo, ize iqokelele kumxokelelwano wokutya, nto leyo ewenza mandundu ngakumbi ukonakaliswa kwendalo.

UThintelo noNciphiso

Ukuthintela i-volatilization - imingcipheko enxulumene nesodium cyanide, imigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko kufuneka ithotyelwe. Isodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, epholileyo, nengena umoya kakuhle, kude nemithombo yokufuma kunye neeasidi. Kwizicelo zoshishino, iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuphatha, kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela (i-PPE) kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo zokubona igesi, zibalulekile. Kwimeko yokuchitheka okanye ukukhululwa ngengozi, amanyathelo okuthintela ngokukhawuleza kufuneka athathwe, kwaye i-neutralization kunye nezisombululo ezifanelekileyo ze-alkali zingadingeka ukukhusela ukubunjwa kwe-HCN.

Ukuqukumbela, ngelixa i-sodium cyanide ingaguquki ngokuthe ngqo emoyeni phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zendawo, ingakhokelela ngokungathanga ngqo ekukhululweni kwegesi ye-HCN eguquguqukayo kunye netyhefu ngokuphendula kwe-hydrolysis phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezifana nokudibanisa namanzi okanye i-acids, okanye ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, kunye nokukhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.