Ifektri ye-sodium cyanide inokulawulwa njani ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko?

I-sodium cyanide yikhemikhali enobuthi kakhulu, kwaye ukuphathwa kwayo ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi kwimpilo yabantu nakwindalo esingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ulawulo oluqinileyo lokhuseleko kwiifektri ze -sodium cyanide lubaluleke kakhulu. Eli nqaku liza kuxoxa ngokweenkcukacha ngamanyathelo olawulo lokhuseleko ekufuneka asetyenziswe kwiifektri ezinjalo.

Ukhuseleko loGcino

1. Iindawo Zokugcina Ezizimeleyo : I-Sodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwiindawo zokugcina ezikhethiweyo nezizimeleyo. Ezi ndawo kufuneka zahlulwe kwezinye iindawo zokugcina iikhemikhali ukuthintela naziphi na iziphumo ezinokubakho. Ngokukodwa, kufuneka igcinwe kude nezinto ezinokutsha neziqhumayo. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho umlilo kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezinokutsha, indawo yokugcina i -Sodium Cyanide kufuneka ikhuselwe kwimpembelelo yayo. Indawo yokugcina kufuneka yome kwaye ifumane umoya ococekileyo. Ukufuma kunokubangela ukuba i-sodium cyanide iphendule kwaye ikhuphe igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi. Ukongeza, ukugcina umgama ofanelekileyo ukusuka kwimithombo yokutsha, njengemililo evulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza zomzi-mveliso okanye imisebenzi yokuwelda, kubalulekile ukuthintela naluphi na ukutshisa ngengozi.

2. Ukuchongwa Okucacileyo kunye nokuLebhelishwa : Zonke izikhongozeli ze-sodium cyanide kufuneka zibhalwe ngokucacileyo ulwazi malunga nekhemikhali, kubandakanya igama layo, inqanaba letyhefu, kunye neendlela zokuthintela ukuphathwa. Iinkqubo zokubhala imibala zingasetyenziswa njengoncedo olongezelelweyo lokubona. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa ilebheli ebomvu eqaqambileyo ukubonisa ubuthi obuphezulu. Oku kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba baqaphele ngokukhawuleza iingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nale nto, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa ngengozi okanye ukuphathwa gwenxa.

UkuPhathwa kunye noKhuseleko lokuSebenza

1. Izixhobo zokuzikhusela zoMntu (PPE) : Abasebenzi abaphatha i-sodium cyanide kufuneka baxhotyiswe ngePPE efanelekileyo. Oku kuquka iiglavu ezimelana neekhemikhali, ezifana neeglavu ze-neoprene okanye zerabha, ukuthintela ukudibana nolusu. Kufuneka kunxitywe ii-respirators zobuso obupheleleyo ukukhusela ekuphefumlweni kwayo nayiphi na igesi ye-cyanide ekhutshiweyo. Iisuti ezimelana neekhemikhali kunye neebhutsi zerabha nazo zibalulekile ukukhusela umzimba ekutshizeni. Ukongeza, kufuneka kuphathwe izixhobo zokubona igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide ngamaxesha onke ukuze kuqatshelwe abasebenzi xa kukho ukuvuza kwegesi.

2. Iinkqubo Zokusebenza Ezingqongqo : Abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe nabagunyazisiweyo kuphela abafanele bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide. Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni (ii-SOP) kufuneka zimiselwe kwinqanaba ngalinye, ukususela ekufumaneni ikhemikhali ukuya ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ekuvelisweni. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwe-sodium cyanide ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina ukuya kwindawo yemveliso, i-SOP kufuneka ichaze iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphakamisa, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokudlulisa ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo yokudlulisa naziphi na iimpawu zokuvuza. Ezi nkqubo kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye naluphi na uphambuko kufuneka luxelwe kwaye luphandwe ngoko nangoko.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kotyando : Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe naluphi na utyando oluquka i-sodium cyanide, kufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwangaphambi kotyando. Oku kuquka ukuhlola izixhobo ukuba azinazo naziphi na iimpawu zokuguguleka okanye zokonakala, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya zisebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zokhuseleko, ezifana neevalvu zokuvala ngexesha likaxakeka, zisebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yokuxuba, izixhobo zokuxuba kufuneka zihlolwe ukuba azivuzi na, kwaye isixhobo sokuxuba kufuneka sivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

Uqeqesho neMfundo

1. Uqeqesho Lokuqala NoluQhelekileyo : Abasebenzi abatsha kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olunzulu lokhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukusebenza nge-sodium cyanide. Olu qeqesho kufuneka lugubungele iimpawu ze-sodium cyanide, iingozi ezinokubakho, kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphatha kunye neenkqubo zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka. Uqeqesho oluhlaziyiweyo rhoqo kufuneka lunikwe abasebenzi abakhoyo ukuze bagcine ulwazi lwabo luhlaziyiwe. Oku kungenziwa minyaka le okanye kabini ngonyaka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni bachaphazeleka kangaphi yile khemikhali.

2. Uqeqesho Lokusebenza Ngezandla : Ukongeza kulwazi lwethiyori, uqeqesho olusebenza ngezandla lubalulekile. Abasebenzi kufuneka baziqhelanise nokuphatha i-sodium cyanide kwindawo eqikelelweyo phantsi kweliso labaqeqeshi abanamava. Oku kubavumela ukuba bafumane izakhono ezisebenzayo ekusebenziseni i-PPE, izixhobo zokusebenza, kunye nokuphendula kwiimeko ezinokubakho, ezifana nokuchitheka okuncinci.

UCwangciso lokuSabela ngokuNgxamisekileyo

1. Izicwangciso eziBanzi : Iifektri kufuneka zenze izicwangciso ezineenkcukacha zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka. Ezi zicwangciso mazibandakanye iinkqubo zokuxela isiganeko, njengokuvuza okanye ukuchitheka, kwiziphathamandla ezifanelekileyo kunye namaqela angaphakathi okuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka. Iindlela zokuphuma kufuneka zichazwe ngokucacileyo, kwaye abasebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngendlela yokuphuma ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo. Iinkqubo zoncedo lokuqala zokuvezwa kwi-cyanide nazo mazibandakanywe, kunye nolwazi malunga nendawo yezikhululo zokuhlamba amehlo zikaxakeka kunye neeshawa zokhuseleko.

2. Ii-Drills eziqhelekileyo : Ukwenza ii-drills rhoqo ngexesha likaxakeka kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi baqhelene neenkqubo zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka. Ezi drills kufuneka zifane neemeko ezahlukeneyo, njengokuchitheka okukhulu okanye umlilo oquka i-sodium cyanide. Emva kwe-drill nganye, kufuneka kubanjwe iseshoni yokuxoxisana ukuze kuchongwe iindawo ezifuna ukuphuculwa kwaye kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso olufunekayo kwisicwangciso sokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka.

Ulawulo lweNkunkuma

1. Ukulahlwa Okufanelekileyo : Nayiphi na inkunkuma equlethe i-sodium cyanide kufuneka ilahlwe ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo yokusingqongileyo. Oku kunokubandakanya unyango lokucoca inkunkuma ngaphambi kokuba ilahlwe. Umzekelo, enye inkunkuma ingaphathwa ngee-oxidizing agents ukuguqula i-cyanide ibe zizinto ezingenabungozi kangako. Inkunkuma kufuneka ithuthwe iye kwiindawo zokulahla ezivunyiweyo ngabaphathi benkunkuma abaneelayisenisi.

2. Ukulandelela Inkunkuma : Misela inkqubo yokulandelela inkunkuma ukususela ekuvelisweni kwayo kumzi-mveliso ukuya ekulahlweni kwayo kokugqibela. Oku kuquka ukugcina iirekhodi zobungakanani benkunkuma, iindlela zokunyanga ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye neenkcukacha zesakhiwo sokulahla inkunkuma. Le nkqubo yokulandelela inceda ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo kwaye inika indlela yokuphendula.

Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuHlola

1. Uhlolo Oluqhelekileyo : Uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lweendawo zokugcina i-sodium cyanide, izixhobo zokuphatha, kunye neenkqubo zemveliso kufuneka lwenziwe. Olu hlolo lunokwenziwa ngamaqela okhuseleko angaphakathi okanye amaqumrhu alawulayo angaphandle. Ngexesha lohlolo, zonke iinkalo zokhuseleko, kubandakanya ukuthembeka kwezikhongozeli zokugcina, ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokhuseleko, kunye nokuthotyelwa kweenkqubo zokusebenza, kufuneka zihlolwe ngokupheleleyo.

2. Ukubeka iliso rhoqo : Faka iinkqubo zokubeka iliso rhoqo ze-sodium cyanide. Oku kungabandakanya ii-sensors zegesi ukufumanisa nakuphi na ukuvuza kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide emoyeni kunye nee-sensors zolwelo ukufumanisa ukuvuza kwiitanki zokugcina okanye imibhobho. Idatha evela kwezi nkqubo zokubeka iliso kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo, kwaye naluphi na ufundo olungaqhelekanga lufanele lubangele uphando olukhawulezileyo kunye nesenzo sokulungisa.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiifektri ze-sodium cyanide kufuna iindlela ezininzi ezibandakanya ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukuphathwa ngokucophelela, uqeqesho olubanzi, ukucwangciswa kwempendulo yongxamiseko olusebenzayo, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lwenkunkuma, kunye nokubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa. Ngokuphumeza la manyathelo, iifektri zinokunciphisa kakhulu iingozi ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide kunye nokukhusela ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi babo kunye nokusingqongileyo.