UkuSebenza kweMveliso yokuNcitshiswa kokuSetyenziswa kwe-Sodium cyanide ngokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo umthamo weCalcium Oxide

intshayelelo

Kwishishini lemigodi yegolide kunye nokufunxwa kwayo, iCyanidation yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokufumana igolide kwi-ores. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweSodium cyanide akunyusi nje iindleko zemveliso kodwa kukwabeka nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yetyhefu yayo. Ukufumana iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide ngelixa kugcinwa okanye kuphuculwa amazinga okubuyiswa kwegolide ngumceli mngeni obalulekileyo kushishino. Enye indlela enjalo ebonakalise ithemba kwindlela yokwenza imveliso kukunyuka okufanelekileyo komthamo weCalcium oxide . Eli nqaku liza kujonga iinkcukacha zale ndlela yokwenza imveliso, liphonononge iindlela ezisisiseko, amaqhinga okusebenzisa, kunye neziphumo ezifunyenweyo.

Indima yeCalcium Oxide kwiNkqubo yeCyanidation

Uhlengahlengiso lwe-pH

I-calcium oxide, xa yongezwa kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation, iphendula namanzi ukuze yenze i-calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)_2). Le mpendulo inyusa ixabiso le-pH yepulp. Kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation, ukugcina i-alkaline pH efanelekileyo kubalulekile. Indawo ephezulu ye-pH inceda ukuthintela i-hydrolysis ye- sodium cyanide . I-Sodium cyanide (NaCN) inokusabela namanzi kwindawo ene-acidic okanye ephantse ibe ne-neutral, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwakhiweni kwe-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi eguquguqukayo kakhulu neyityhefu. Ngokunyusa i-pH ukuya kuluhlu olumalunga ne-10 - 11, i-hydrolysis ye-sodium cyanide iyathintelwa, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokungeyomfuneko.

Iintshukumo zeMichiza ngoBumdaka

Iintsimbi zidla ngokuba nokungcola okwahlukeneyo okufana nentsimbi, ubhedu, kunye nezinki. Oku kungcola kunokusabela kunye ne-sodium cyanide, ukwenza iikhompawundi ze-cyanide eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nokutya ubuninzi be-sodium cyanide. Icalcium oksayidi inokusabela ngobunye bobu kungcola. Ngokomzekelo, i-iron kwi-ore ingabakho ngohlobo lwee-iron oxides okanye i-sulfides. I-calcium oxide inokusabela ngezinto ezi-acidic eziveliswa ngexesha le-oxidation ye-iron sulfides, i-neutralize. Oku kunciphisa inani le-asidi kwinkqubo, nto leyo inceda ukugcina uzinzo lwe-sodium cyanide. Ukongezelela, i-calcium oxide inokukhupha ii-ion zetsimbi ezithile njenge-hydroxides. Ngokomzekelo, ii-ion zobhedu (Cu ^ {2 +}) zinokusabela kunye ne-hydroxide ion ukusuka kwi-calcium hydroxide ukwenza i-copper hydroxide (Cu (OH)_2) i-precipitate. Le ndlela yokusabela kwemvula isusa i-ion yobhedu kwisisombululo, ithintele ukuba ingaphenduli nge-sodium cyanide kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide.

IiNkcukacha zokuSebenza kweMveliso

Iimpawu zeOre kunye neeMeko zokuqala

Iplanti yokuvelisa apho olu qheliselo lwenziwa khona lucutshungulwe uhlobo oluthile lwegolide-intsimbi ekrwada. Intsimbi ekrwada yayinesiqulatho esithile segolide, kunye nezixa ezibalulekileyo zeeminerali ze-iron sulfide kunye nobunye ukungcola okufana nobhedu kunye nezinc. Ekuqaleni, inkqubo ye-cyanidation yayisebenza ngokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwe-sodium cyanide. I-pH yepulp igcinwe malunga ne-9 - 9.5. kunye nedosi ye-calcium oxide yayisezantsi. Izinga lokubuyiswa kwegolide nalo belingekho kwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ukulungelelanisa i-Calcium Oxide Dosage

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuziqhelanisa, idosi ye-calcium oxide yanyuswa kancinci kancinci. Idosi yokuqala yayimalunga ne-1 - 2 kg/t yentsimbi ekrwada, kwaye yonyuswa ngokunyuka kwe-0.5 kg/t kuthotho lweebhetshi zemveliso. Njengoko idosi ye-calcium oxide yanyuswa, i-pH yepulp yenyuka ngokuthe chu. Kwangaxeshanye, ingqwalasela esondeleyo yahlawulwa kwimpembelelo kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation, kubandakanywa izinga lokuphendula, izinga lokubuyisela igolide, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide.

Ukubeka iliso kunye noLawulo

Ngexesha lokuziqhelanisa nemveliso, iiparameters ezininzi eziphambili zazibekwe esweni ngokuqhubekayo. I-pH yepulp ilinganiswa ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iimitha ze-pH ezifakwe kwi-pulp flow. Ukuxinwa kwe-sodium cyanide kwisisombululo kunqunywe ngokusebenzisa iindlela ze-titration. Izinga lokubuyisela igolide libalwe ngokuhlalutya umxholo wegolide kwi-ore yokutya, i-tailings, kunye nesisombululo esikhulelweyo. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani besuntswana lentsimbi kwakhona kwajongwa njengoko kunokuchaphazela i-reaction kinetics. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ebekwe esweni, uhlengahlengiso lwenziwe kwidosi ye-calcium oxide kunye nezinye iiparamitha zokusebenza. Umzekelo, ukuba i-pH yenyuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye yadlula i-11.5. idosi ye-calcium oxide yancitshiswa kancinane ukunqanda naziphi na iimpembelelo ezimbi kwinkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide.

Iziphumo kunye neeNzuzo

Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide

Njengoko idosi ye-calcium oxide yanyuswa ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo (ekugqibeleni ifikelele kwi-4 - 5 kg / t ye-ore kule meko), ukwehla okubonakalayo kokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwabonwa. Ekuqaleni, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwakumalunga ne-4 - 5 kg nge-ore. Emva kokulungiswa kwedosi ye-calcium oxide, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwehle ukuya malunga ne-2 - 3 kg / t yentsimbi ekrwada, nto leyo emele ukuncipha malunga ne-30% - 50%. Oku kuncitshiswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ngokuthe ngqo kukhokelele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwiindleko zokuvelisa.

Uphuculo kwireyithi yokuBuyisa iGolide

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide akuzange kunciphise kuphela, kodwa izinga lokubuyisela igolide liye laphucula. Ngaphambi kokulungelelaniswa kwedosi ye-calcium oxide, izinga lokubuyisela igolide lalimalunga nama-80% - 85%. Emva kokuphucula, izinga lokubuyisela igolide liye landa ukuya kuma-85% - 90%. Olu phuculo lokubuyiselwa kwegolide lunokubalelwa kulawulo olungcono lwemekobume yecyanidation. Ukunyuka kwe-pH kunye nokususwa kokungcola nge-calcium oxide kuye kwanceda ukudala imeko efanelekileyo yokuchithwa kwegolide.

IiNzuzo zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

Ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yenkqubo ye-cyanidation yancitshiswa kakhulu. Ukuncipha kwe-sodium cyanide kumanzi amdaka kuthetha amanqanaba asezantsi etyhefu, ukunciphisa ubungozi obunokubakho kokusingqongileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuhla kokwenziwa kwerhasi yehydrogen cyanide ngenxa yolawulo olungcono lwe-pH nako komeleza ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yemveliso yabasebenzi.

isiphelo

Ukwenziwa kwemveliso yokunyusa ngokufanelekileyo idosi ye-calcium oxide ibonakalise ukuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation. Ngokuqonda indima ye-calcium oxide ekulungiseni i-pH kunye nokuphendula ngokungcola, kwaye ngokubeka iliso ngokucokisekileyo kunye nokulawula ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zinokufumaneka. Ezi zibonelelo zibandakanya ukongiwa kweendleko, ukuphuculwa kwamazinga okubuyisela igolide, kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kokusingqongileyo nokhuseleko. Esi senzo sinokusebenza njengesalathiso esibalulekileyo kwezinye izityalo zemigodi yegolide kunye nezityalo ezijongene nemingeni efanayo ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nokwenza ngcono kule ndawo kunokukhokelela kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo ze-cyanidation kwixesha elizayo.