Ii-Reagents ze-20 eziBalulekileyo kwi-Mineral Processing

Ukulungiswa kwezimbiwa kubandakanya iinkqubo ezintathu: ukuhlamba, ukutyunyuzwa, kunye nokuzuza. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugxininisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphantsi, i-polymetallic ores ukuya kwi-concentrate ephezulu, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabaqokeleli, ii-frothers, inhibitors, kunye neeflocculants kufuneka zongezwe. Uninzi lwezi zinto ziyityhefu kwaye ziyingozi, ezifana iicyanides, ii-arsenides, ii-chromates, ii-alkyl xanthates ezahlukeneyo, ii-phenols ezitshintshiweyo, ii-anilines, ii-pyridines, i-hydroICarbonii-s, ii-alkenes, ii-ether, ii-ketones, ii-aldehydes, ii-esters, njl. Ezi zinto zinokungena kwindalo ngokukhupha amanzi amdaka okucubungula izimbiwa okanye ngokusebenzisa amachibi angasemva, okukhokelela kungcoliseko lwesibini kwaye kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ii-reagents zokucubungula izimbiwa zibhekisa ikakhulu kubaqokeleli, ii-frothers, ii-inhibitors, ii-flocculants, ii-modifiers, kunye nee-extracting agents, i-extractant matrix improvers, kunye nee-diluents ezisetyenziswa kwi-hydrometallurgy, ezibandakanya amakhulu ee-inorganic okanye ii-organic synthetic compounds ezahlukeneyo.

Zeziphi ezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo kuLungiselelo lweziMbiwa?

Phakathi kwezinto ezingcolisekileyo ezingama-68 kuluhlu olumnyama lolawulo lokungcoliseka oluphambili lwaseTshayina, iirejenti zokulungiswa kwezimbiwa ezingama-24 zibandakanyiwe (kubandakanywa iarsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, I-MERCURY, i-nickel, i-thallium, ubhedu, ilothe, kunye neekhompawundi zazo). Iiarhente zeekhemikhali ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo zibandakanya IiCyanides, ihydrogen sulfide, phosphine, fluorides, arsenides, chromates, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, carbon disulfide, sulfite, ezahlukeneyo alkyl xanthates, organophosphorus compounds, fatty alcohols, anilines, pyridines, hydrocarbons, alkenes, ethers, other substances, ketones, ketones, ethers, iiketones, ii-aldehydes, ii-alcohols, ii-alcohols, ii-alcoids, ii-alcoids, ii-alcoids, ii-alcoids. Sikhethe i-20 yezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo kwireferensi yakho. Makhe sijonge!

I-Sodium Ethyl Xanthate

• I-molecular Formula: C2H5OCSSNa

• Iimpawu: Umgubo otyheli okhanyayo (okanye igranule) enevumba elicaphukisayo, enyibilika emanzini, etywaleni, njl. njl., ekwaziyo ukwenza iikhompawundi ezinganyibilikiyo ngeeyoni zetsimbi ezifana necobalt, ubhedu, kunye nenikeli.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium ethyl xanthate ngumqokeleli onokukhetha okulungileyo phakathi kweemveliso ze-xanthate series. Ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiflotation ekhethiweyo yeentsimbi ezidadayo ngokulula okanye ezintsonkothileyo zesulfide yeentsimbi ezingezizo i-ferrous. Ingaphinda isetyenziswe ngokubambisana ne-sulfide agents ukwenzela ukujikeleza kobhedu kunye ne-lead oxide ores. Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-agent yemvula kwi-hydrometallurgy (umzekelo, ukucocwa kwe-zinc electrolyte) kunye ne-vulcanization accelerator kwi-rubber.

Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate

• I-molecular Formula: (CH3)2CHOCSSNa

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omthubi okhanyayo (okanye igranule) enevumba elicaphukisayo, elinyibilikayo emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium isopropyl xanthate inamandla kancinane okuqokelelwa kwesakhono kwi-flotation ye-sulfide ores ye-non-ferrous metal kune-sodium ethyl xanthate. Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomqokeleli kwiintsimbi ezahlukeneyo ze-non-ferrous metal sulfide kwaye ingasebenza njenge-arhente yemvula kwi-hydrometallurgy; ikwasetyenziswa njenge vulcanization accelerator kwirabha.

Isodium Butyl Xanthate (iPotassium)

• I-molecular Formula: C4H9OCSSNa(K)

• Iimpawu: I-powder ephuzi ephuzi okanye engwevu-emhlophe (okanye i-granule) enevumba elicasulayo, i-soluble emanzini kunye notywala, ekwazi ukwenza iikhompawundi ezinganyibilikiyo kunye ne-ion ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium butyl xanthate (i-potassium) ngumqokeleli onamandla okudada okudada kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimixube yeflotation yeentsimbi ze-non-ferrous metal sulfide. Le reagent ifanelekile ngokukodwa kwi-flotation ye-chalcopyrite, i-sphalerite, kunye ne-pyrite. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ingasetyenziselwa ukudada okukhethiweyo kwe-sulfide ores yobhedu ukusuka kwi-iron sulfide ores.

Isodium Isobutyl Xanthate (iPotassium)

• I-molecular Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2OCSSNa(K)

• Iimpawu: Umgubo ophuzi okhanyayo (okanye i-granule) enevumba elicaphukisayo, i-soluble ngokulula emanzini, ekwazi ukwenza iikhompawundi ezinganyibilikiyo kunye ne-ion ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium isobutyl xanthate (i-potassium) nayo ingumqokeleli oqinileyo kwi-flotation ye-ores ye-non-ferrous metal sulfide ores. Isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukudada kobhedu, ilothe, kunye ne-zinc sulfide ores, kwaye ibonise ukusebenza ngokudada ngokwemvelo kwiintsimbi ezahlukeneyo zobhedu kunye nepyrite.

Sodium Isopentyl Xanthate

• I-molecular Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OCSSNa

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omthubi onevumba elibi, unyibilika emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium isopentyl xanthate ngumqokeleli owomeleleyo osetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-flotation ye-ores yensimbi engenantsimbi efuna amandla okuqokelela amandla kodwa hayi ukukhetha. Ngokomzekelo, ngumqokeleli ogqwesileyo kwi-ores ye-sulfide ene-oxidized okanye i-copper ene-oxidized kunye ne-lead ores (emva kwe-sulfiding ne-sodium sulfide okanye i-sodium hydrosulfide). Le reagent inokuphinda ifezekise ukwahlula okulungileyo kwi-flotation ye-copper-nickel sulfide ores kunye ne-pyrite enegolide.

I-Sodium Pentyl Xanthate (iPotassium)

• I-molecular Formula: C5H11OCSSNa(K)

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omthubi okhanyayo okanye ongwevu-omhlophe (okanye igranule) enevumba elicaphukisayo, elinyibilikayo emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium pentyl xanthate (i-potassium) ngumqokeleli owomeleleyo osetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-flotation ye-ores yentsimbi ye-non-ferrous efuna amandla okuqokelela amandla kodwa angakhethi. Ngokomzekelo, isebenza njengomqokeleli ogqwesileyo kwi-ores ye-sulfide ene-oxidized okanye i-oxidized copper kunye ne-lead ores (emva kwe-sulfiding kunye ne-sodium sulfide okanye i-sodium hydrosulfide). Iyakwazi ukufezekisa ukwahlula okulungileyo kwi-flotation ye-copper-nickel sulfide ores kunye ne-pyrite enegolide.

No. 25 Black Drug

• Icandelo eliphambili: I-Dimethylphenol Disulfide

• I-molecular Formula: (C7H7O)2PSSH

• Iimpawu: Ulwelo olunamafutha amdaka-omnyama kunye nevumba elicaphukisayo kunye ne-corrosiveness; inokutsha, inyibilika kancinane emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: No. 25 iyeza elimnyama lineempawu zokuqokelela kunye nezogwebu. Ingumqokeleli osebenzayo we-sulfide ores yelothe, ubhedu, kunye nesilivere, ehlala isetyenziswa ekwahluleni okukhethekileyo kokudada kunye ne-zinc. Le reagent inamandla okuqokelela obuthathaka kwi-pyrite kunye nezinye i-sulfide ores kwiisekethe ze-alkaline, kodwa ingumqokeleli oqinileyo ongakhethiyo kuwo onke ama-ores e-sulfide kwimidiya engathathi hlangothi okanye ene-acidic. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ikwanakho ukuqokelela okuthile kwintsimbi enzima yentsimbi. Ekubeni le reagent inyibilika kancinane kuphela emanzini, kufuneka yongezwe kwimo yayo yasekuqaleni kwitanki yokulungisa okanye yokusila ibhola.

Isodium Butyl Black Ichiza

• Icandelo eliphambili: Dibutyl Disulfide sodium

• I-molecular Formula: (C4H9O)2PSSNa

• Iimpawu: Isisombululo samanzi esityheli-mdaka esingenavumba elicaphukisayo kunye neempawu zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: Ichiza elimnyama le-sodium butyl lingumqokeleli osebenzayo weentsimbi zegolide kunye neentsimbi zesulfide zesilivere, ubhedu, kunye ne-zinc. Inesakhono sokuqokelela esibuthathaka kwipyrite kwiisekethe zealkaline. Le reagent ibonisa kuphela iimpawu ezibuthathaka kakhulu zogwebu.

I-Sodium No. 25 Iziyobisi eziMnyama

• Icandelo eliphambili: Dimethylphenol Disulfide Sodium

• I-molecular Formula: (C7H7O)2PSSNa

• Iimpawu: Isisombululo esimanzi esimnyama okanye esimnyama, esingenavumba.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-Sodium No. 25 ichiza elimnyama ngumqokeleli osebenzayo wobhedu kunye ne-lead sulfide ores. Ngenxa yobuthathaka bokukwazi ukuqokelela i-zinc sulfide ores, ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwahlula okukhethiweyo kobhedu kunye ne-lead sulfide ores ukusuka kwi-zinc sulfide ores. Le reagent inokongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisekethe ye-flotation.

Ammonium Butyl Black Ichiza

• Icandelo eliphambili: I-Dibutyl Disulfide Ammonium

• I-molecular Formula: (C4H9O)2PSSNH4

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omhlophe ukuya kumbala ongwevu-mhlophe ongenancasa, ubumdaka emoyeni, unyibilika emanzini, kwaye uzinzile ngokwekhemikhali.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: Ichiza elimnyama le-Ammonium butyl lingumqokeleli ogqwesileyo kunye ne-frother yentsimbi yentsimbi engeyiyo i-ferrous. Inesakhono esikhethekileyo sokwahlula kwi-sulfide ores yobhedu, ilothe, isilivere, kunye ne-zinc, kunye ne-polymetallic ores entsonkothileyo. Inomsebenzi obuthathaka wokuqokelela wepyrite kunye nemagnethi yepyrite kwipulp yealkaline ebuthathaka kodwa isakhono esinamandla sokuqokelela galena. Isenokusetyenziswa kwi-flotation ye-nickel kunye ne-antimony sulfide ores, esebenzayo ngokukodwa kunzima ukukhetha i-nickel sulfide ores, i-mixed sulfide-oxidized nickel ores, kunye ne-middlings ye-sulfide ores kunye ne-ganggue. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa ichiza elimnyama le-ammonium butyl luncedo ekubuyiseni iplatinam, igolide kunye nesilivere.

I-Ethylthioamine (SN-9#)

• Icandelo eliphambili: N, N-Diethyl Dithiocarbamate Sodium

• I-molecular Formula: (C2H5)2NCSSNa·3H2O

• Iimpawu: Ikristale emhlophe ukuya kwengwevu-mhlophe engenavumba elithukuthelisayo, inyibilika ngokulula emanzini. Le reagent ibola kwi-carbon disulfide, i-diethylamine, njl., phambi kobukho

• lobushushu okanye iasidi.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-Ethylthioamine (SN-9#) isetyenziswa ngokuyintloko njengomqokeleli kwiintsimbi ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi ezingenayo intsimbi. Ibonisa isakhono esinamandla sokuqokelela ubhedu, ilothe, i-zinc, kunye ne-nickel sulfide ores. Esi sixhobo sisebenza ngokukodwa ekujikelezeni kweentsimbi ezikrwada ezintsonkothileyo kwaye samkelwe ngokubanzi kwishishini lokulungisa izimbiwa. Ukongeza, inokunceda ukuphucula amazinga okubuyisela isinyithi kwiinkqubo zokudada.

Flotation Frothers

I-Frothers idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusetyenzweni kwezimbiwa ngokuququzelela ukusekwa kwamagwebu azinzileyo avumela ukwahlulwa okukhethiweyo kweeminerali ezixabisekileyo. Iifrothers eziqhelekileyo zokudada ziquka:

• IMethyl Isobutyl Carbinol (MIBC)

• Iimpawu: Ulwelo olungenambala, olunokutsha olunevumba elibonakalayo, olunganyibilikiyo emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-MIBC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-frother ekujikelezeni kwee-ores ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubhedu, igolide, kunye ne-nickel. Iphucula uzinzo lwamagwebu, iphucula izinga lokubuyiswa kweeminerali ezifunwayo.

• Ipropylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether

• Iimpawu: Ulwelo olungenambala olunevumba elithambileyo, olunyibilikayo emanzini nakwizinyibilikisi eziphilayo.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: Le frother iyasebenza ekwandiseni iipropathi zegwebu leenkqubo zokudada, ngakumbi kwiintsimbi zesulfide. Inceda ukudala i-froth ezinzileyo evumela ukwahlula okungcono kweeminerali ezixabisekileyo.

• Polyglycol Ether

• Iimpawu: Ulwelo lwe-viscous olunyibilikayo emanzini kwaye lunetyhefu ephantsi.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-Polyglycol ether isebenza njenge-frother kwaye inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flotation yeeminerali ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ekujikelezeni kwamasuntswana amahle kunye ne-ultrafine.

Izithinteli

Ii-inhibitors zii-agent zeekhemikhali ezinqanda ngokukhethekileyo ukujikeleza kweeminerali ezithile. Zibalulekile ekulawuleni ukukhethwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokudada. Ii-inhibitors eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Isodium cyanide

• Iimpawu: Ikristale eqinileyo emhlophe, enyibilikayo kakhulu emanzini, kwaye inetyhefu kakhulu.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: Sodium i-cyanide isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukucinezela iiminerali ezingafunekiyo ngexesha lokudada, ukuvumela ukubuyiswa okukhethiweyo kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, ngakumbi igolide nesilivere. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yegolide, ngakumbi kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation.

• sodium emanzini

• Iimpawu: Okuqinileyo okumhlophe ukuya kumthubi, ukunyibilika emanzini, kunye nevumba elimnandi.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-sodium sulfide isoloko isetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-ion zetsimbi ezithile zisebenze kwaye zicinezele abanye kwinkqubo yokudada. Isebenza ngokukodwa ekujikelezeni kweentsimbi ezixutywe ne-oxidized, ezifana nezo ziqulethe ubhedu kunye nelothe.

• I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omhlophe onyibilikayo emanzini, ongeyotyhefu, kunye ne-biodegradable.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-CMC sisithinteli esisebenzayo se-polymeric esisetyenziswa ekujikelezeni kweeminerali ezahlukeneyo. Inceda ukulawula ukukhethwa kwenkqubo ye-flotation ngokuthintela ukujikeleza kweeminerali ezithile ze-ganggue.

Umgxobhozo

I-flocculants isetyenziselwa ukunyusa ukuhlaliswa kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi kwiiminerali kunye neentsalela. Iiflocculants eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• IPolyacrylamide

• Iimpawu: Umgubo omhlophe ukuya kumthubi onyibilika kakhulu emanzini, ongenatyhefu.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-Polyacrylamide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-flocculant ekusetyenzweni kwezimbiwa ukuphucula izinga lokuzinzisa i-slurries kunye nokuphucula ukumanzisa kwee-tailings.

• I-aluminium Sulfate

• Iimpawu: Isiqina sekristale esimhlophe esinyibilikayo emanzini.

• Usetyenziso oluphambili: I-aluminium sulfate isoloko isetyenziswa njenge-coagulant kunye ne-flocculant kwi-mineral processing ukunceda ukucacisa kunye nokuqina kwe-slurries.