Ukuvula Amandla eMichiza yokuLungiselela iMigodi: Ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokuSebenza kunye nokuzinza

Intshayelelo kwiMichiza yokuLungiswa kweziMbiwa

Iikhemikhali zokusetyenzwa kwezimbiwa zibhekisa kwiikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lokuxinana kunye nokubuyiswa kweeminerali kwi-ores. Zibalulekile kwimisebenzi efana neflotation, ukuvuza, kunye nokukhupha amanzi okwahlula iminerali ekujoliswe kuyo kwisixhobo se-ganggue. Iindidi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka abaqokeleli, ii-frothers, i-depressants, i-dispersants, i-acids, iziseko, kunye nezinyibilikisi - nganye ilungiselelwe imisebenzi ethile yokwahlukana.

Indima yeeKhemikhali kwiNkqubo yeZimbiwa

Uncedo lwamachiza ukulungiswa kwezimbiwa ngeendlela eziphambili. Abaqokeleli bazikhethela ukuncamathela kumphezulu weminerali abawunqwenelayo ukuze udadade, ngeli lixa izinto ezidambisayo zithintela ukuntanta kwe-ganggue. Iintsiba zivelisa amaqamza azinzileyo ukuthwala iiminerali ezidadayo. Iikhemikhali ezivuzayo zikhupha iiminerali ezixabisekileyo ngokusebenzisa i-solubilization. I-Dispersants ikhusela i-particle agglomeration yokwahlula okusebenzayo. Ngokudibeneyo, iikhemikhali zandisa ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwezimbiwa ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngendlela esebenzayo.

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeeMichiza zokuLungisa iMineral

Abaqokeleli zezona khemikhali zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ngokukhetha ezidadayo ezinqwenelekayo sulfide okanye iiminerali oxide. Abaqokeleli abaqhelekileyo be-sulfides baquka i-xanthates kunye ne-dithiophosphates, ngelixa i-fatty acids kunye ne-amines ziqokelela i-oxides. Iintsiba ezifana neoyile yepine kunye ne-MIBC zivelisa amaqamza azinzileyo kwiiseli ezidadayo. Izidakumba ezifana i-cyanide thintela ukuphaphatheka kwe-gange. I-Dispersants igcina i-particle dispersion. I-Acids kunye neziseko zingundoqo kwiinkqubo ze-leaching. Izinyibilikisi zikhupha iiminerali ezixabisekileyo ngokunyibilika.

Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye noZinzo

Ngelixa kuluncedo ukusetyenzwa, ezinye iikhemikhali zinokuchaphazela okusingqongileyo ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Iinkampani zemigodi zibeka phambili imisebenzi ezinzileyo efana nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi enkqubo yokurisayikilisha, ukunciphisa ukungcola, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali. Iikhemikhali ezintsha ezilungele indalo nazo ziyaphuhliswa. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ezizinzileyo kunceda ukunciphisa unyawo lwendalo esingqongileyo ngelixa ukhupha iiminerali ezibalulekileyo.

Izinto ezintsha kunye neeNdlela zekamva

Uphando luthe gqolo ukuphuhlisa iikhemikhali ezisebenzayo nezilungele ukusingqongileyo. Abaqokeleli be-Biodegradable bafumana amandla. Iindlela zemfuzo kunye nezibalo ziyila imichiza elungiselelwe iimeko ezithile zemineralogical. Inkqubela phambili kulawulo lwenkqubo yexesha lokwenyani kunye nedosi ezenzekelayo nayo iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukujonga phambili, iikhemikhali zokulungiswa kwezimbiwa ziya kuhlala zibalulekile ekuphuculeni njengoko imigodi iqhelana nemingeni yexesha elizayo.

Izifundo zeMyelo kunye nezicelo zeHlabathi zangempela

Kwiplanti ye-zinc yase-Doe Run Peru, ii-dispersants ezintsha zonyuse umthamo we-15% ngelixa zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent. Kwimigodi yobhedu ye-Escondida, i-depressants ekhethekileyo ikhulise ukubuyiswa kobhedu nge-2-3% ngokukhetha ngokunqanda ukujikeleza kwe-ganggue. KwiDama le-Olimpiki i-uranium-yobhedu-igolide kumgodi, ukuhoywa kweentsalela zezimbiwa kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezivuzayo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kukhutshwe ixabiso elongezelelweyo kwimisinga yenkunkuma. Le mizekelo ibalaselisa izisombululo zeekhemikhali eziphucula ukubuyiswa kwezimbiwa kunye nokugcinwa kokulungiswa.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, iikhemikhali zokwenziwa kweeminerali zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhululeni izimbiwa ezixabisekileyo kumatye akhoyo ngendlela esebenzayo nenengeniso. Ngotshintsho oluqhubekayo kunye nokugxila kwizenzo ezilungileyo ezizinzileyo, ezi zixhobo zikhethekileyo ziya kuhlala zibalulekile ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zokukhutshwa kunye nokujongana neemfuno zezibonelelo zexesha elizayo. Uphononongo olongezelelekileyo lobuchwepheshe bekhemikhali obuphucukileyo bumele inzuzo zombini imveliso yeshishini kunye nokusebenza kokusingqongileyo.