Ukuqonda i-Sodium Cyanide Poisoning: Imingcipheko, iimpawu, kunye ne-Antidotes

Isodium cyanide yikhompawundi enetyhefu kakhulu ebeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, kubandakanywa imigodi kunye ne-electroplating, kodwa amandla ayo okwenzakalisa ayinakugqithiswa. Nini Isodium cyanide idibana namanzi, inokukhupha igesi eyityhefu yehydrogen cyanide, ebulalayo nokuba kuncinci. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni amagqabantshintshi abanzi sodium cyanide ubuthi, iimpawu zayo, kunye ezifanelekileyo ikhubalos ukuchasana neziphumo zayo.

Iingozi zeSodium Cyanide

I-sodium cyanide idume ngokukwazi ukwenza umonakalo omkhulu kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nomhlaba ojikelezileyo. Ubuthi bayo ngokuyinhloko bubangelwa ukukwazi ukuthintela ukuphefumla kweselula ngokuzibophelela kwi-cytochrome c oxidase, i-enzyme ebalulekileyo kwikhonkco lokuthutha i-electron. Olu thintelo luthintela iiseli ekusebenziseni ioksijini, ekhokelela kwi-asphyxiation yeselula kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ukufa.

Ikhompawundi inokungena emzimbeni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukuphefumla, ukungeniswa, kunye nokufunxa isikhumba. Ukuphefumla uthuli lwe-sodium cyanide okanye igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide kunokukhokelela ekuqaliseni ngokukhawuleza kweempawu, kuquka ukuphefumula kokuphefumula kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo. Ukungeniswa kwexabiso elincinci-malunga ne-0.06 grams ye I-Hydrocyanic Acid okanye i-0.1-0.3 grams ye-sodium cyanide-inokubulala. Ukongeza, ukudibana kwesikhumba kunye ne-sodium cyanide kunokubangela ityhefu, kufuneke ukuba kususwe ukungcola kwangoko.

Iimpawu zeSodium Cyanide Poisoning

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide zinokubonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla: Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela, kunye nokuphefumla.

• Iimpawu zentliziyo: Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo.

• Iziphumo zeNeurological: Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukubhideka, nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.

• Uxinzelelo lweGastrointestinal: Isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, kunye neentlungu zesisu.

• Iintshukumo zolusu: Ukutshisa okanye ukucaphuka xa udibana nesodium cyanide.

Kwiimeko zetyhefu eqatha, abantu banokuxhuzula, isiqaqa, nokufa ukuba abanyangwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiSodium Cyanide Exposure

Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwe-sodium cyanide, inyathelo elikhawulezileyo libalulekile. Nanga amanyathelo acetyiswayo onokuthi uwathathe:

• Phuma kwiNdawo: Ukuba ukuvezwa kwenzeka kwindawo evaliweyo, inyathelo lokuqala kukushiya indawo ngokukhawuleza kwaye uye kwindawo enomoya omtsha. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kubantu abaye baphefumla uthuli lwesodium cyanide okanye igesi.

• Ukucoca: Ukuba i-sodium cyanide idibana nolusu, susa nayiphi na impahla engcolileyo kwaye uhlambulule indawo echaphazelekayo ngamanzi acocekileyo ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15. Ukutshisa kwesikhumba, isisombululo se-boric acid esi-3% singasetyenziselwa ukucoca isilonda.

• Funa ingqwalasela yezonyango: Nokuba zithini na iimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Ixesha lingundoqo kwiimeko zetyhefu ye-cyanide.

Ii-Antidotes zeSodium Cyanide Poisoning

Unyango lwe-sodium cyanide poisoning lubandakanya ukulawulwa kwee-antidotes ezithile ezinokunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo ezinobuthi zekhompawundi. Ezi zilandelayo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane:

• ISodium Nitrite: Kwiimeko zetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide, inaliti ecothayo emithanjeni ye-10-15 ml ye-3%. Isodium Nitrite inokulawulwa. Le khompawundi isebenza ngokuguqula i-hemoglobin ibe yi-methemoglobin, enokuthi ibophe kwii-ion ze-cyanide, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukufumaneka kwayo ukuthintela ukuphefumla kweselula.

• I-Sodium Thiosulfate: Ukulandela ukulawulwa kwe-nitrite ye-sodium, inaliti ephantsi kwe-intravenous ye-25-50 ml ye-50% Isodium Thiosulfate kufuneka inikwe. I-sodium thiosulfate isebenza njengomnikeli wesulfure, iququzelela ukuguqulwa kwe-cyanide kwi-thiocyanate, i-compound encinci enetyhefu enokuthi ikhutshwe yizintso.

• Ukuhlanjwa kweGastric: Ukuba i-sodium cyanide ifakwe, ukuhlanjululwa kwesisu kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isisombululo se-sodium thiosulfate ye-10% okanye isisombululo se-potassium permanganate ye-1: 2000. Le nkqubo inceda ukususa into enetyhefu esiswini.

• I-Ferrous Sulfate: Emva kokuhlanjululwa kwesisu, isixa esifanelekileyo se-ferrous sulfate isisombululo sinokuhanjiswa ngomlomo ukuncedisa ngakumbi Ukuxutyushwa.

isiphelo

I-sodium cyanide yityhefu enamandla ebeka imingcipheko enkulu yempilo kubantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukuqonda iingozi ezinxulumene nale khompawundi, ukuqaphela iimpawu zetyhefu, kunye nokwazi amanyathelo okuphendula afanelekileyo kubalulekile kulawulo olusebenzayo kwimeko yokuvezwa. Ukulawulwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo le-antidotes, njenge-sodium nitrite kunye ne-sodium thiosulfate, kunokuphucula kakhulu iziphumo kubantu abachaphazelekayo yi-sodium cyanide poisoning.

Kubalulekile kumashishini aphatha i-sodium cyanide ukuphumeza iiprothokholi eziqinileyo zokhuseleko kunye nokubonelela ngoqeqesho kubasebenzi malunga nendlela yokusabela ekuvezweni okunokwenzeka. Ukwaziswa koluntu kunye nemfundo malunga neengozi ze-sodium cyanide nazo zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ubuthi ngengozi kunye nokuqinisekisa indawo ekhuselekileyo kubo bonke.