Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide kwiGold Concentrate Leaching

intshayelelo

Kwishishini lemigodi yegolide, i inkqubo ye-cyanidation isetyenziswa kakhulu ukutsala igolide igolide ukugxilas. Isodium i-cyanide idlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo njengoko isabelana negolide ukwenza iikhompleksi zegolide ezinyibilikayo zecyanide, ezinokuthi ke ziphinde zisetyenzwe ngakumbi ukuze kubuyiselwe igolide. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwe sodium cyanide ayigcini nje ngokunyusa iindleko zemveliso kodwa ikwaphakamisa iinkxalabo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo ngenxa yetyhefu yecyanide. Ngoko ke, ukufumana iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa Isodium cyanide ukusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuchetywa kwegolide kunokubaluleka okukhulu kuzo zombini izizathu zoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide

IMineraloji yeGold Concentrate

Ukuqulunqwa kogxininiso lwegolide kunempembelelo enkulu Isodium cyanide ukusetyenziswa. Amaminerali afana ne-pyrite, i-pyrrhotite, i-chalcopyrite, kunye nezinye iiminerali ze-sulfide zinokusabela nge-cyanide kunye ne-oksijini ngexesha lokuhlamba. Ngokomzekelo, i-Pyrite inokuthi i-oxidized phambi kwe-oksijini kunye ne-cyanide, ekhokelela ekubunjweni kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-iron-cyanide kunye nokutya i-cyanide kwinkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, iiminerali zobhedu zinokubangela ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-cyanide. Ubhedu lwenza izinto ezizinzileyo zecyanide, kwaye xa kukho umxholo wobhedu ophakamileyo kwisisombululo se-leaching, i-sodium cyanide concentration kufuneka yandiswe ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wegolide, kunyuke ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwecyanide.

Iimeko zokuLeaching

Ixabiso le-pH

I-pH ye-leaching slurry yinto ebalulekileyo. I-Cyanide ikhona kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-pH. Kwi-pH ephantsi, i-cyanide inokwenza i-hydrolyze ukuze yenze i-hydrogen cyanide, into eguqukayo neyingozi. Ukuthintela oku, i-pH yesixokelelwano se-leaching idla ngokugcinwa iphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-10 - 11.5. Kodwa i-pH ephezulu kakhulu inokuchaphazela kakubi inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamanzi, njengokunciphisa umsebenzi wee-enzymes ezithile okanye ukubangela imvula yeeyoni zetsimbi, ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-leaching kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide.

Ukubonelela nge-Aeration kunye ne-Oxygen

Ukubonelela ngeoksijini okwaneleyo kubalulekile kwi-oxidation yegolide kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zegolide-cyanide. Ukungonelanga kwe-aeration okanye amanqanaba aphantsi e-oksijini anokunciphisa i-leaching reaction, ekhokelela ekukhutshweni okungaphelelanga kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokongeza i-cyanide ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono. Kwelinye icala, i-aeration egqithisileyo inokukhokelela kwi-oxidation engeyomfuneko yezinye iiminerali kugxininiso, kananjalo kuqhuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide.

Amaqhinga okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide

Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kweGold Concentrate

Unyango lwe-Oxidative

Iindlela zokunyangwa kwangaphambili kwe-oxidative zinokususa okanye ziguqule iiminerali ezitya icyanide kugxininiso lwegolide. Ukutshiza kuyindlela eqhelekileyo, apho ukufudumeza i-concentrate phambi kwe-oksijini i-oxidizes minerals ye-sulfide kwaye iguqule iiminerali ezinentsimbi zibe ziifom ezizinzileyo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo nge-cyanide ngexesha lokucoca okulandelayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqhotsa kunemiqobo efana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nongcoliseko lwendalo olunokubakho. I-Bio-oxidation, usebenzisa ii-microorganisms ezifana ne-Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, ithambile, inamandla ngakumbi, kunye ne-eco-friendly alternative. Ikhetha i-oxidizes ye-sulfide minerals, isusa ngokufanelekileyo ezo zitya i-cyanide kunye nokunciphisa imfuno ye-sodium cyanide ekutyeni.

I-Flotation yokususwa kobhedu

Xa ugxininiso lwegolide luqulethe isixa esibalulekileyo sezimbiwa zobhedu, ukuphaphatheka kunokusetyenziswa njengenyathelo lonyango lwangaphambili. Ngokuhlula iiminerali zethusi kwiqhekeza eliphethe igolide, linciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide okubangelwa yi-copper-cyanide complex formation. Ugxininiso olushiyekileyo olutyebileyo lwegolide lunokuthi emva koko lube ne-cyanide leaching kunye nedosi esezantsi ye-sodium cyanide.

UkuPhuculwa kweeMeko zeLeaching

Ukulawula i-pH

Ukugcina i-pH efanelekileyo kunye nezinzile kubalulekile. Ikalika idla ngokusetyenziswa ukunyenyisa ipH yodaka olumanzi. Ayiphakamisi nje i-pH ukuthintela i-cyanide hydrolysis kodwa ikwanceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide ngokuphembelela izinga le-leaching yobhedu kunye nokuthintela ukubunjwa kweekhompawundi ezithile ezitya i-cyanide. Nangona kunjalo, isixa sekalika kufuneka silawulwe ngononophelo, njengoko ikalika egqithisileyo inokubangela imvula yeeyoni zesinyithi eziluncedo okanye inyuse i-viscosity ye-slurry, ithintele ukusasazwa kwe-reactant. Uphando lovavanyo lubonisa ukuba ukongeza malunga ne-1 - 2 kg/t yekalika ukulungisa i-pH ibe malunga ne-10.5 - 11.5 kaninzi kuzuza iziphumo ezilungileyo ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide ngelixa kugcinwe amazinga aphezulu egolide.

Ukuphucula iAeration

Ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kwegolide okusebenzayo kunye ne-sodium cyanide encinci, izinga lokungena umoya lifuna ukuphuculwa. Uninzi lwezityalo ze-cyanidation zegolide zisebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphantsi, iicompressor zomoya ezingenawo ioyile zokubonelela komoya. Ubuchwephesha obunjengokufaka ihood emngxunyeni omncinci ekupheleni kombhobho wobonelelo-moya ukwenza amaqamza amaninzi anobubanzi obuncinci kunokonyusa indawo yonxibelelwano phakathi kweoksijini kunye nodaka olumanzi, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-oxidation yegolide kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecyanide ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukufakela ivalve yokukhangela ukuthintela ukubuya komoya kwakhona kuzinzisa inkqubo yokungenisa umoya. Ukulungelelanisa isantya sokuphefumla ngokweempawu zokuxinana kunye neemeko zokuvuza kunceda ukugcina ugxininiso lweoksijini elolona luphezulu eludaka, ukukhuthaza ukuvuza kwegolide kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecyanide.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo

Izongezo eziSekwe kwiNkokeli

Ukongeza izongezo ezisekelwe kwi-lead, njenge-nitrate ye-lead, ngaphambi kokuba i-cyanide leaching inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Ii-ion zelothe zisabela ngokungcola okufana ne-sulfide ion kwi-concentrate yegolide ukuze zenze iimvula ezinganyibilikiyo, zinciphisa uphazamiseko lwazo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecyanide. Umzekelo, ekuvuzeni ores zegolide kunye ne-sulfide ephezulu yezimbiwa, ukongeza i-300 - 600 g / t ye-nitrate yelothe kunye ne-alkali pretreatment yeeyure ezi-2 - 3 kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ukusuka kwi-2500 - 3000 g / t ukuya kwi-1200 - 1500 g / t kunye nokwandisa i-2% ye-leaching yegolide nge-4%.

Alternative Lixiviants okanye izongezo

Ezinye ii-lixiviants ezizezinye okanye izongezo zingasetyenziswa kunye necyanide ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecyanide ngokubanzi. I-Glycine, i-non-toxic, i-recyclable, kunye ne-biodegradable amino acid, yenye yokhetho olunjalo. Kwezinye iimeko, iteknoloji ye-glycine-based leaching technology iphumelele ukunciphisa i-cyanide enkulu ngelixa igcina amaxabiso okubuyisela igolide afana neendlela zendabuko ze-cyanidation. Ukongeza i-surfactants ethile kunokuphucula ukumanzi kwamasuntswana egolide kunye nokusasazwa kwezinto ezisabelayo kwi-leaching slurry, enokunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ukuya kumlinganiselo othile.

isiphelo

Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwinkqubo yogxininiso lwegolide ngumsebenzi onzima kodwa obalulekileyo. Ngokuqonda izinto ezichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kunye nokuphumeza izicwangciso ezifana nonyango lwangaphambili, ukulungiswa kweemeko zokuvuza, kunye nokusebenzisa izongezo, ukunciphisa okubonakalayo kokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kunokufezekiswa. Oku kuxhamlisa amashishini emigodi yegolide ngokoqoqosho ngokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kwaye kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusingqongileyo onxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwecyanide. Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kulo mmandla kulindeleke ukuba kuvelise isivuno esisebenzayo kunye nesingqongileyo ukutsalwa kwegolide iinkqubo kwixesha elizayo.