Ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide kuShishino lwe-Electroplating

Ukufaka i-electroplating yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwishishini lokuvelisa, equka ukufaka umaleko omncinci wesinyithi phezu komphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza sesinyithi nge-electrolysis. Le nkqubo ayigcini nje ngokuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwesinyithi kodwa ikwaphucula ukubonakala kwayo okuhle kunye nomgangatho womphezulu. I-Sodium cyanide , ikhemikhali enobuthi kakhulu kodwa eguquguqukayo, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini le -Electroplating.

Iziseko ze-Electroplating

I-Electroplating isekelwe kumgaqo we-electrolysis. Kwi-electroplating setup, i-workpiece yensimbi eya kugqitywa yenziwe i-cathode, ngelixa isinyithi esiza kufakwa sisetyenziswe njenge-anode. Zombini i-cathode kunye ne-anode zintywiliselwa kwisisombululo se-electrolyte esiqulethe ii-ion zetsimbi zesinyithi. Xa umbane wombane ugqithiswa kwi-electrolyte, i-ion zetsimbi kwisisombululo zikhangwa kwi-cathode (i-workpiece) kwaye ifakwe kumphezulu wayo, yenze umgca omncinci, ofanayo wesinyithi.

Indima yeSodium Cyanide kwi-Electroplating

I-Sodium cyanide (NaCN) isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-electroplating njenge- Complexing Agent . Inamandla okwenza ii-complexes ezizinzileyo ezinee-ions ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi. Kwimeko ye-electroplating, ezi complexes zesinyithi ne-cyanide zinezibonelelo ezininzi:

1. Umgangatho Wokugquma Ophuculweyo : Iicomplex zeMetal-cyanide ezenziwe yiSodium Cyanide zinceda ekufezekiseni ukufakwa kwesinyithi okufanayo nokugudileyo kumphezulu wezinto zokusebenza. Umzekelo, kwi-electroplating ye-copper, i-copper-cyanide complex iqinisekisa ukuba ii-ion ze-copper zibekwe ngokulinganayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho umaleko we-copper oxineneyo nonamathelayo. Oku kubalulekile kwizicelo apho ukuthembeka komaleko we-plated kubalulekile, njengakwishishini le-elektroniki lokudibanisa ii-plating.

2. Ukuphuculwa kokugubungela : Ukusetyenziswa kwe -sodium cyanide kwisisombululo se-electrolyte kuphucula amandla okuphosa ebhafini yokugquma. Amandla okuphosa abhekisa kubuchule besisombululo sokugquma ukufaka umaleko ofanayo wesinyithi kwindawo yokusebenza, nokuba kwiindawo ezimile ngendlela enzima ezineendawo ezifihlakeleyo kunye neeprotrusions. Iicomplex zesinyithi ne-cyanide zinokufikelela ngempumelelo kuzo zonke iindawo zomsebenzi, ukuqinisekisa ukugquma okupheleleyo. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kumashishini afana neemoto, apho iindawo ezinejometri ezintsonkothileyo kufuneka zigqunywe ukuze kukhuselwe ukugqwala.

3. I-Stable Plating Bath : I-Sodium cyanide inceda ekugcineni uzinzo lwe-electroplating bath. Ilawula ukuxinana kwee-ion zesinyithi ezikhululekileyo kwisisombululo, ithintela ukwakheka kweediphozithi zesinyithi ezingabambeki kakuhle okanye ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Ngokwenza ii-complexes ezizinzileyo, ivumela inkqubo ye-electroplating elawulwa ngakumbi nehambelanayo.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kweSodium Cyanide kwi-Electroplating

1. I-Copper Plating : Kwi-electroplating ye-copper, i-Sodium cyanide isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-copper-cyanide complexes. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa kufakwa i-copper-cyanide complexes kwi-substrates ezifana ne-zinc-alloy die-castings. I-Zinc-alloy die-castings isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izinto zokuhombisa, ii-zippers, kunye neendawo ezincinci zoomatshini. Ekubeni i-zinc-alloy ichaphazeleka lula kwizisombululo ze-acidic plating, inkqubo ye-cyanide-based copper-plating idla ngokusetyenziswa njengenyathelo langaphambi kwe-plating. Umaleko we-copper ofakwe kusetyenziswa i-cyanide-equlathe i-electrolyte ukhusela i-zinc-alloy substrate kwindawo ye-acidic yeenkqubo ze-plating ezilandelayo, ezifana ne-nickel plating, kwaye ikwaphucula ukunamathela komaleko we-nickel.

2. I-Silver Plating : I-Sodium cyanide ikwasetyenziswa kwi-silver electroplating. Ii-silver-cyanide complexes zenziwa kwi-electrolyte, evumela ukuba i-silver deposition ibe bushelelezi kwaye ikhanye. Izinto zesilivere ezifakwe kwi-silver zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lezinto zokuhombisa, ukwenziwa kwetafile, kunye noqhagamshelwano lombane. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kwi-silver electroplating kuqinisekisa ukugqitywa komgangatho ophezulu, kunye nomaleko wesilivere onokukhanya okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.

3. Ukugquma iZinc : Nangona kwenziwe imizamo yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokugquma iZinc ezingezizo iCyanide, kwezinye iimeko, ukugquma iZinc okusekwe kwiCyanide kusasetyenziswa. Iicomplex zeZinc-Cyanide ezenziwe ngoncedo lweSodium Cyanide zibonelela ngamandla amahle okuphosa kwaye zivumela ukufakwa komaleko ofanayo weZinc. Ukugquma iZinc kusetyenziswa kakhulu ukukhusela ukugqwala kwezinto zentsimbi nezesinyithi, njengakwimizi-mveliso yokwakha neyeemoto.

Iingqwalaselo zoKhuseleko

Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezininzi kwi-electroplating, i-sodium cyanide yinto enetyhefu kakhulu. Ikhupha igesi yehydrogen cyanide xa idibana neeasidi okanye amanzi. Ke ngoko, amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko kufuneka abe kwindawo yezixhobo ze-electroplating ezisebenzisa i-sodium cyanide:

1. Ukuphathwa Nokugcinwa Ngendlela Efanelekileyo : I-Sodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, enomoya ococekileyo, kude nee-asidi kunye nokufuma. Abasebenzi abaphatha i-sodium cyanide kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuphathwa, kuquka ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifana neeglavu, iiglasi zokukhusela, kunye nokukhusela ukuphefumla.

2. Izicwangciso Zokuphendula Kwiingxamiseko : Izityalo zokufaka i-electroplating kufuneka zibe nezicwangciso ezipheleleyo zokuphendula kwiingxamiseko xa kuthe kwachitheka ngengozi okanye kwakhutshwa i-sodium cyanide. Ezi zicwangciso mazibandakanye iinkqubo zokukhupha indawo, ukuthomalalisa i-cyanide, kunye nokubonelela ngoncedo lwezonyango kubasebenzi abachaphazelekayo.

3. Ukhuseleko Lokusingqongileyo : Amanzi amdaka avela kwiinkqubo ze-electroplating aqulethe i-sodium cyanide kufuneka aphathwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kususwe i-cyanide ngaphambi kokuba ikhutshwe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iindlela zonyango zingabandakanya i-chemical oxidation, eguqula i-cyanide ibe ziikhompawundi ezingenabungozi kangako.

Ukuqukumbela, i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini le-electroplating, livumela ukuveliswa komgangatho ophezulu, ozinzileyo, kunye neemveliso ezicwecwe ezithandekayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuneka kulawulwe ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, kwenziwa iinzame zokuphuhlisa enye, iinkqubo ezingenatyhefu ye-electroplating, kodwa okwangoku, i-sodium cyanide ihlala iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi ze-electroplating.