Iingqwalasela eziPhambili kuMbiwa weGolide ngokuNyulwa kunye nokuLeaching kwiMigodi yeGolide

Ukukhupha igolide ngokuyityumza nokuyicola ngenqwaba yindlela eyamkelwe ngokubanzi kushishino lwemigodi yegolide . Ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwegolide okusebenzayo nokuzinzileyo, abaqhubi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwiinkalo ezininzi kulo lonke inkqubo.

1. Uhlalutyo lweePropati zeOre

Ukubunjwa kweziMbiwa

Ukuqonda umxholo wegolide kunye neeminerali ezinxulumene nentsimbi ekrwada kubalulekile. Eli nyathelo linceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba indlela yemfumba yemfumba iyasebenza na. Umzekelo, ukuba intsimbi ekrwada iqulethe isixa esikhulu seeminerali ezichasayo, kusenokufuneka unyango lwangaphambili olongezelelweyo.

Ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani beNcam

Emva kokutyumza, ubukhulu be-particle ye-ore kufuneka bufane. Amasuntswana agqithisiweyo angakhokelela kwi-leaching engaphelelanga, ngelixa iincinci ezincinci zinokuthi zivelise izohlwayo ezigqithisileyo, zithintele ukungena kwesisombululo.

2. Inkqubo yokutyumza

Izixhobo zokutyumza

Khetha izityumli ezifanelekileyo, njengezityumli zemihlathi kunye nezityuli zekhowuni. Aba matshini benzelwe ukwaphula intsimbi ekrwada ukuya kubukhulu obufunekayo. Umzekelo, izityumsi zemihlathi zisebenza ngokucolwa kuqala, ngelixa ii-cone crushers zilungele ukutyunyuzwa kwesibini nakwinqanaba lesithathu.

Ulawulo lobungakanani beNcam

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu be-particle kufuneka ilawulwe phakathi kwe-10 - 30 millimeters. Iinqununu ezigqithisiweyo zinciphisa izinga le-leaching, kwaye iincinci ezincinci zingabangela imiba ngesisombululo se-percolation ngenxa yokubunjwa kweentlawulo.

3. Ukulungiswa kweeNdawo zeMfumba yokuLeaching

Ukhetho lweSiza

Khetha indawo ethe tyaba nengenako ukungena ekuvuzeni imfumba. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuvuza kwesisombululo, esinokuthi singcolise indalo esingqongileyo.

Unyango lokunganyangeki

Yandlala inwebu engenakungeneka ukukhusela i-leachate ekungeneni emhlabeni. Oku kubalulekile kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokucwiliswa ngokufanelekileyo.

4. Ukukhethwa kunye nokuSetyenziswa kwee-Arhente zokuLeaching

Ii-Arhente zokuLeaching

Isisombululo se-sodium cyanide sisetyenziswa kakhulu njengesixhobo sokukhupha amanzi. Uxinzelelo lwe -sodium cyanide kufuneka lulawulwe ngokungqongqo ngaphakathi kwe-0.05% - 0.1%. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lunyusa iindleko, ngelixa uxinzelelo oluphantsi lunciphisa izinga lokukhupha amanzi.

Ulawulo lwexabiso le-pH

Gcina ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo se-leaching phakathi kwe-10 - 11. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukubola kwe-cyanide, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucoca.

5. Imisebenzi yemfumba yokuLeaching

Ulawulo lwemfumba yoBude

Ubude bemfumba buqhele ukusetwa phakathi kwe-3 - 6 yeemitha. Imfumba ephezulu kakhulu inokuthintela ukungena kwesisombululo, ngelixa imfumba ephantsi kakhulu inciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.

Ukutshiza ngamandla

Lawula amandla okutshiza nge-5 - 10 L/m²·h. Ukutshiza okugqithisileyo kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwesisombululo, ngelixa ukutshiza okunganeleyo kuchaphazela umphumo we-leaching.

6. Ulawulo lweLeachate

Ingqokelela yeLeachate

Ukuqinisekisa ukuqokelelwa okusebenzayo kwezinto ezivuzayo ukuthintela ilahleko kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo yokuqokelela eyilwe kakuhle ibalulekile ekwandiseni ukubuyiswa kwegolide.

Leachate Recycling

Hlaziya i-leachate ukuphucula ukubuyiswa kwegolide kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent. Oku akugcini nje ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa kunciphisa iindleko.

7. Ukukhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka

Nyanga inkunkuma phambi kokuba uyikhuphe ukunqanda ukungcoliseka kwendalo. Oku kunokubandakanya iinkqubo ezifana nemvula yeekhemikhali kunye nokucoca.

Ukulahlwa kweentsila

Lahla ngokufanelekileyo iisala emva kokuvuza ukuthintela ungcoliseko lwesibini. Iinketho ziquka ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo kumachibi e-tailings okanye ukuqhubekeka phambili.

8. ULawulo loKhuseleko

Ulawulo lweCyanide

I-cyanide inetyhefu kakhulu. Sebenzisa amanyathelo angqongqo okulawula ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye netyhefu. Oku kubandakanya ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukuphatha, kunye nokuthuthwa kwecyanide.

Ukhuseleko lwaBasebenzi

Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka banxibe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela. Uqeqesho lwarhoqo lukwayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.

9. Ukugcinwa kweZixhobo

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo

Hlola rhoqo ukutyumza, ukutshiza, kunye nezinye izixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo. Oku kunceda ukuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho ngaphambi kokuba zibangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ukulungisa kwangexesha

Lungisa naziphi na iimpazamo ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukulibaziseka kwemveliso. Inqwelo yezixhobo ezigcinwe kakuhle ibalulekile kwimveliso eqhubekayo nesebenzayo.

10. Ukulawulwa kweendleko

Iindleko zeReagent

Ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-reagents ukunciphisa iindleko. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulungelelanisa ukugxininiswa kwe-reagent ngokusekelwe kwiipropati ze-ore kunye neziphumo ze-leaching.

Ulawulo lokuSetyenziswa kwamandla

Lungiselela iinkqubo zokutyumza kunye nokutshiza ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Oku akunciphisi iindleko kuphela kodwa kunegalelo ekuzinzeni kokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, ukukhutshelwa kwegolide ngokutyumza nokucola igolide kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokupheleleyo kweempawu ze-ore, iiparameter zenkqubo, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko. Ngokunika ingqalelo kwezi ngongoma ziphambili, abaqhubi banokuphucula amazinga okubuyiselwa kwegolide kwaye bafezekise uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kushishino lwemigodi yegolide.