Ulwazi oluqhelekileyo malunga ne-cyanide sodium extraction yegolide onokuthi ungazi

Kwihlabathi lemigodi yegolide, i Ukukhutshwa kwe-cyanide Inkqubo yindlela ebalulekileyo esetyenziswayo ukufumana igolide kwintsimbi ekrwada. Ngelixa abaninzi banokuqhelana negama elithi “cyanide,” ubucukubhede bokusetyenziswa kwayo ekutsalweni kwegolide budla ngokungahoywa. Eli nqaku lijolise ekukhanyiseleni ulwazi oluqhelekileyo olungqongileyo Isodium cyanide kunye nendima yayo kwi Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide, ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda okubanzi kobu buchule buyimfuneko.

Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide yeCyanide

Inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide yecyanide ibandakanya amanyathelo abalulekileyo aliqela, ngalinye lifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo. Izinto eziphambili ezimele zibekwe iliso ziquka i-cyanide concentration, i-oxygen concentration, i-alkalinity, kunye nexesha elifunekayo lokuchithwa. Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekuphumezeni umgangatho ofunekayo we ukubuyiswa kwegolide.

1. Leaching: Inyathelo lokuqala kule nkqubo kukuvuza, apho igolide eyomeleleyo inyibilika kwisisombululo secyanide esineoksijini. Esi sisombululo sivumela ukukhutshwa kwegolide kwi-ore, ukuhlula ngokufanelekileyo kwezinye izimbiwa.

2. Ukuhlamba: Ukulandela i-leaching, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuhlamba. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubuyisela isisombululo esinegolide emva kokuvuza kunye nokuhlamba igolide enyibilikisiweyo kumphezulu wamasuntswana entsimbi. Injongo kukuphumeza ukuhlukana okuqinileyo-ulwelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba igolide ihlukaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kwizinto ezisele.

3. Ukutshintsha: Isinyathelo sokugqibela kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kukutshintshwa, apho isisombululo esinegolide siphathwa nge-zinc yensimbi. Eli nyathelo linciphisa kwaye linciphisa igolide, livumela ukubuyiswa kwayo ngendlela eqinile.

IiCompounds eziphambili kwiCyanide Gold Extraction

Iikhompawundi ezimbini eziphambili zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide ye-cyanide: i-cyanide kunye ne-alkali ekhuselayo.

1. ICyanide

I-Cyanide lilitye lembombo lenkqubo yokucoca. Kwizicelo zamashishini, iintlobo ezininzi ze-cyanide zisetyenziswa, kubandakanywa Potassium cyanide (KCN), i-sodium cyanide (NaCN), Calcium cyanide [Ca(CN)2], kunye Ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Phakathi kwezi, i-sodium cyanide yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kunye nokufumaneka kwayo.

Isodium cyanide ngumgubo omhlophe onetyhefu kakhulu odla ngokuveliswa ngendlela engqukuva okanye yebhloko ukuze kube lula ukuphatha. Amandla ayo njengearhente yokukhupha amanzi ayenza ibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide, kodwa ikwafuna imigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo ukunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene nobutyhefu bayo.

2. Ialkali ekhuselayo

Indima ye-alkali ekhuselayo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide ye-cyanide ayikwazi ukuchithwa. Injongo ephambili yokongeza i-alkali yokukhusela kukugcina ukuzinza kwesisombululo se-cyanide kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-cyanide nge-hydrolysis. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ekuqinisekiseni ukuba inkqubo yokufundisa ihlala isebenza kakuhle kwaye isebenza ngempumelelo.

I-alkali ekhuselayo yongezwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lesigaba sokuvuza okanye ngexesha lokugaya i-cyanide ore. Kwiimeko apho ukubunjwa kwe-ore kuyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kuqulethe iiminerali ezifana ne-pyrrhotite, enokuthi ibe yingozi kwinkqubo ye-cyanide, ukongezwa kwezixhobo ezikhuselayo ze-alkali kwi-oxidation okanye imvula yale minerali eyingozi. Oku akugcini nje ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokukhutshwa kodwa kukwanegalelo kukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo komsebenzi.

isiphelo

Inkqubo yokutsalwa kwegolide yecyanide yindlela entsonkothileyo efuna ukuqonda okunzulu konxibelelwano lweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kunye neeparamitha zokusebenza. Isodium cyanide, njengenxalenye ephambili, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni ngempumelelo igolide kwintsimbi ekrwada. Ngokulawula izinto ezinje ngoxinaniso lwecyanide, amanqanaba eoksijini, ialkalinity, kunye nexesha lokucubungula, imisebenzi yemigodi inokwandisa iinzame zabo zokutsalwa kwegolide.

Ngaphezu koko, ukubaluleka kwe-alkali ekhuselayo ekuzinziseni isisombululo se-cyanide kunye nokunciphisa imiphumo yeeminerali ezinobungozi ayinakuhoywa. Njengoko ishishini lezimayini liqhubeleka nokuvela, ukuqonda ngokucokisekileyo ezi nkqubo kunye neekhompawundi kuya kuba yimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni izenzo zokumbiwa kwegolide ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo, nezinoxanduva kokusingqongileyo.

Isishwankathelo, ngelixa i-sodium cyanide ihlala ijongwa nge-lens yobutyhefu bayo, ukubaluleka kwayo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokufumana ulwazi oluqhelekileyo olujikeleze le ndlela, abachaphazelekayo kushishino lwemigodi banokujonga ngcono ukuntsonkotha kokufunyanwa kwegolide kwaye babe negalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezenzo zemigodi.