Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeCyanides

IiCyanides ziluhlobo lweekhemikhali eziqulathe i-cyano group (-CN). Ziyaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuba nobungozi obunokubakho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeCyanides , iimpawu zazo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

I-Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

I-hydrogen cyanide , ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-prussic acid, lulwelo olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo kakhulu olunevumba elibi le-almond. Luyingozi kakhulu kwaye lunokubulala nokuba luncinci. I-HCN isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ezinje ngokuveliswa kweplastiki, imicu yokwenziwa, kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane. Ikwasetyenziswa ekutsaleni igolide nesilivere kwi-ore.

Isodium Cyanide (NaCN)

I-sodium cyanide yinto emhlophe, ekristale eqinileyo enyibilikayo emanzini. Yenye yezona cyanides zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino. I-NaCN isetyenziswa ekufakeni i-electroplating, ekucoceni isinyithi, nasekukhupheni izinyithi ezixabisekileyo. Ikwasetyenziswa ekuveliseni amayeza athile kunye neekhemikhali.

Potassium Cyanide (KCN)

I-Potassium cyanide ineempawu ezifanayo ne -Sodium Cyanide . Yinto emhlophe, ekristale eqinileyo enyibilikayo emanzini. I-KCN ikwasetyenziswa ekufakeni i-electroplating, ekucoceni isinyithi, nasekukhupheni izinyithi ezixabisekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kwilabhoratri njenge-reagent.

I-Cyanogen Chloride (CNCl)

I-Cyanogen chloride yigesi engenambala nevumba elibi. Inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu zokuphefumla. I-CNCl isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali ezithile kunye ne-agent yemfazwe yeekhemikhali.

Organic Cyanides (Nitriles)

Ii-cyanides ze-organic, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-nitriles, ziikhompawundi apho iqela le-cyano linamathele kwi- atom yeCarbon kwimolekyuli ye-organic. Imizekelo yee-organic cyanides ibandakanya i-acetonitrile (CH3CN), i-propionitrile (CH3CH2CN), kunye ne-benzonitrile (C6H5CN). Ii-Nitriles zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, ezifana nezinyibilikisi, izinto eziphakathi kwi-organic synthesis, kunye nemveliso yee-polymers.

Iityuwa zeCyanide

Ukongeza kwi-sodium kunye ne-Potassium Cyanide , kukho nezinye iityuwa ze-cyanide, ezifana ne-calcium cyanide (Ca(CN)2), i-barium cyanide (Ba(CN)2), kunye ne-ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Ezi tyuwa zikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iicyanides zinetyhefu kakhulu kwaye zinokubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kufuneka athathwe xa uphathwa kwaye usebenzisa i-cyanides. Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwi-cyanides, kufuneka kufunwe unyango olukhawulezileyo.