Russian Gold Mine Leaching and Processing Cases

Mayskoye Gold Mine

Umgodi wegolide waseMayskoye, omi kwingingqi yaseChukotka eRashiya, yindawo ebalulekileyo enegolide eneempawu ezintsonkothileyo zejoloji. Umzimba wentsimbi ngummandla ontsonkothileyo oneminerali ye-breccia. Iqulethwe ngemithambo yequartz edityaniswe ngaphakathi kwamatye aguquliweyo argillaceous. Le mithanjana ye-quartz yiyona mikhosi iphambili yegolide, kwaye ukubunjwa kwayo kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo kwimisebenzi enzima ye-tectonic kunye ne-hydrothermal kummandla.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-ore: i -ore ephambili , enokuchasana kakhulu . Olu hlobo lokuchasana lubangelwa ikakhulu kukusasazwa kwegolide kwiiminerali ze-sulfide, ezifana ne-pyrite kunye ne-arsenopyrite. Ezi minerali zigubungela amasuntswana egolide, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhupha igolide kusetyenziswa iindlela eziqhelekileyo. I- oxidized ore , kwelinye icala, yenziwe kakhulu yi-quartz mica. Kunye ne-quartz mica, kukho izixa ezincinci ze-feldspar, i-kaolin, kunye ne-sulfides. Inkqubo yokuchasana itshintshe i-mineralogy ye-ore, nto leyo echaphazela inkqubo yokuchasana negolide.

Kwinkqubo yokucubungula i-oxidized ore, ithunyelwa kwisityalo se-CIL (Carbon-in-Leach). Xa iisampulu ze-oxidized ore zaqala ukucutshungulwa kwisityalo se-CIL, izinga lokubuyisa igolide laliphantsi ngendlela edanisayo. Oku kwakubangelwa ikakhulu yimpembelelo "yokugaywa ngaphambi kokuzalwa" kwezinto eziphilayo ezikhoyo kwi-ore. Izinto eziphilayo zinomdla omkhulu kwi-gold cyanide complexes, nto leyo eyathi "yayiba" igolide kwisisombululo sokugaywa. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, kwaqaliswa inkqubo enamanyathelo amabini. Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukugaywa kwezinto ezinekhabhoni. Kule nkqubo yokugaywa, abaqokeleli kunye nabaqholi bakhethwa ngononophelo baza bahlengahlengiswa ukuze bahlukanise ngokukhethekileyo izinto ezithwala ikhabhoni kwezinye izinto ze-ore. Emva kokugaywa, i-flotation tailings emva koko yancitshiswa. Le ndlela yanciphisa imeko "yokugaywa ngaphambi kokuzalwa" kathathu. Ngenxa yoko, izinga lokubuyisa igolide laphucuka kakhulu, lafikelela kumanqanaba enza inkqubo yokukhupha iphumelele ngokwezoqoqosho.

Ngokuphathelele i-ore ephambili, malunga ne-90% yegolide ifunyanwa ngokuntywiliselwa. Inkqubo yokuntywiliselwa ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwee-reagents ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya abaqokeleli, ii-frothers, kunye nee-modifiers. Ezi reagents zilungiswa ngononophelo ukuze zijolise kwiiminerali ze-sulfide ezigcina igolide. I-sulfide concentrate efunyenweyo, etyebileyo kwiiminerali zegolide kunye ne-sulfide, emva koko ithuthwa kumgama omde iye kwisityalo esikwingingqi ye-Amur. Kwesi sityalo, i-concentrate idlula kwi-oxidation, elilinyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuqhekeza iiminerali ze-sulfide kwaye ikhuphe igolide ehlanganisiweyo. Emva kwe-oxidation, kwenziwa i-leaching yetanki ye-cyanide . Isisombululo se-cyanide sisabela negolide, senza i-soluble gold - cyanide complexes ezinokusetyenzwa ngakumbi ukuze kubuyiselwe igolide.

UkuLeaching kweNkunkuma yaseMgodini weGolide

Kumashishini egolide aseRashiya-emigodini, iimfumba zenkunkuma zingumthombo oxabisekileyo wokubuyisela igolide yesibini. Ezi mfumba zenkunkuma ziimveliso zemisebenzi yangaphambili yokwembiwa nokusetyenzwa kwayo. Ziqulethe isixa esikhulu segolide, engazange ifunyanwe ngokupheleleyo ngexesha leenkqubo zokuqala zokutsalwa. Igolide kwimfumba yenkunkuma ihlala ikhona ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amasuntswana egolide acolekileyo, igolide-ethwele izimbiwa, kunye negolide edityaniswe kumphezulu wezinye izimbiwa.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba izinga lokuphuma kwegolide kwezi mfumba zenkunkuma nge -percolation cyanidation linokufikelela kwi-75% - 82%. I-percolation cyanidation yinkqubo apho isisombululo se-dilute cyanide sitshizwa okanye sithontsizelwa kwimfumba yenkunkuma. Isisombululo se-cyanide singena kwimfumba yenkunkuma, siphendula negolide size senze igolide enyibilikayo - i-cyanide complexes. Ezi complexes emva koko ziqokelelwa ezantsi kwemfumba yenkunkuma ukuze ziqhubeke nokucutshungulwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokucoleka okuphantsi kwesakhiwo sezimbiwa kwimfumba yenkunkuma, kukho imingeni emininzi. I-low-fineness minerals ibangela ukucotha kwesisombululo esisebenzayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisombululo se-cyanide sithatha ixesha elide ukungena kwimfumba yenkunkuma, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokucoca. Ukongeza, ukunqanda umonakalo ongatshintshiyo wemfumba yenkunkuma yinkxalabo enkulu. Ubunzima bemfumba yenkunkuma kunye neentshukumo zemichiza ngexesha lokuvuza kunokubangela ukuba imfumba yenkunkuma idilike okanye ingazinzi. Ukujongana nale miba, olunye uphononongo lucebisa ukugranula iimfumba zenkunkuma. Enye indlela kushushu - ukomisa umoya kwangaphambili, apho imfumba yenkunkuma yomiswa kusetyenziswa umoya oshushu ukuphucula ukungeneka kwayo. Enye indlela kukuxuba imfumba yenkunkuma nentsimbi ekrwada ngokomlinganiselo othile. Lo mxube unokuphucula ubume bemfumba yenkunkuma, okwenza kube lula ukutyhutyha isisombululo se-leaching kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza kwemfumba yenkunkuma.

Shaanxi United Chemical: Iqabane lakho elilungileyo

Le nkampani inikeza sodium cyanide ngazo zombini ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. I-sodium cyanide yi-reagent ephambili kwinkqubo yokukhupha igolide. Iindleko - i-sodium cyanide esebenzayo ebonelelwa nguShaanxi United Chemical inceda umgodi ukucutha iindleko zemveliso ngelixa uqinisekisa iziphumo zomgangatho ophezulu wokuvuza. Ngapha koko, inkampani ayipheleli nje ekuboneleleni ngemveliso. Ibonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ebanzi kumgodi. Oku kubandakanya iingcebiso zobuchwephesha malunga nedosi efanelekileyo ye-sodium cyanide ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-ore, isikhokelo malunga nokugcinwa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuphathwa kwe-sodium cyanide, kunye noncedo ekusekeni iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokukhupha.