Iindlela ezitsha zokuFumana ulwelo lweNkunkuma yeSodium Cyanide: Ugqaliselo kuLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo

As Ulawulo lwendalo imigangatho iyaqhubeka ukuvela, amashishini asebenzisa Isodium cyanide bajongene nokuphononongwa okukhulayo malunga neendlela zabo zokulahla inkunkuma. Isodium i-cyanide, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zemigodi kunye neekhemikhali, ivelisa izixa ezibalulekileyo zolwelo oluyingozi oluyingozi olunokuthi, ukuba luphathwa kakubi, lunokubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukunciphisa le mingcipheko, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubuyisela ziphuhlisiwe ukuze zisetyenziswe kwakhona sodium cyanide lahla ulwelo ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Indlela ye-Acidification

Enye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokuphumelela Isodium cyanide inkunkuma yinkqubo yokwenziwa kweasidi. Obu buchule bubandakanya ukongezwa kweasidi yesulfuric kumanzi amdaka ecyanide, ukulungelelanisa i-pH ibe malunga ne-1.5. Olu hlengahlengiso luququzelela ukuguqulwa kwee-ion ze-cyanide (CN-) zibe yi-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi enendawo yokubilisa ephantsi kakhulu ye-26.5 ° C. Kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa, i-HCN inokuphunyuka kwisisombululo, ivumela ukuqokelela kwayo.

Irhasi yeHCN ekhululweyo iye ifakwe kwi-absorber, apho ifunxwa yi-sodium hydroxide okanye isisombululo se-calcium hydroxide. Le nkqubo ivelisa isisombululo esigxininisiweyo secyanide, esisuka kwi-20% ukuya kwi-30%, esinokuphinda sisetyenziselwe ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso. Ngelixa isebenzayo, le ndlela ifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo ngenxa yobume be-HCN eyityhefu, efuna imigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo kubasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo.

2. Indlela yoTshintsho lwe-Ion

Obunye ubuchule obuthembisayo bokubuyiswa kwenkunkuma ye-sodium cyanide yindlela yokutshintshiselana nge-ion. Le nkqubo isebenzisa i-anion exchange resins ebonisa ubudlelwane obuqinileyo kwii-ion ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi ze-cyanide ezikhoyo kumanzi amdaka. Ngothotho lwemijikelo ye-adsorption kunye ne-desorption, zombini i-cyanide kunye neentsimbi ezixabisekileyo zinokususwa ngokusebenzayo kulwelo.

Indlela yokutshintshiselana nge-ion inika inzuzo yokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo akumgangatho ophezulu, okwenza kube yinto enqwenelekayo kumashishini ajolise ukuhlangabezana nemithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo. Noko ke, akunangxaki. I-anion exchange resins esetyenziswe kule nkqubo idla ngokuba nencinci encinci kwaye ingabi namandla okwaneleyo omatshini, okukhokelela kubunzima bokusebenza. Ukongezelela, ubunzima benkqubo kunye neendleko eziphezulu ezinxulumene nazo zinokuthintela amanye amashishini ekuthatheni le ndlela.

3. Indlela ye-Carbon Adsorption esebenzayo

Yenziwe ICarbon ukufunxa yenye indlela eyaziwayo ngokubanzi yokunyanga inkunkuma ye-sodium cyanide. Isakhiwo esikhethekileyo seembobo ezincinci kunye nomphezulu ongathathi hlangothi we-hydrophobic Ikhabhoni esebenzayo inika amandla amakhulu kwizinto ezinobungozi emanzini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisisombululo esisebenzayo sokususa izinto ezingcolisayo ezingenaxinzelelo luninzi.

Ukusebenza kwe-carbon adsorption esebenzayo ilele kuthungelwano olukhulu lwangaphakathi lwepore kunye nendawo enkulu yendawo ethile, eququzelela ukubanjiswa kwezinto eziyingozi. Le ndlela inenzuzo ngakumbi kumashishini afuna iindlela ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zokukhupha ityhefu emanzini amdaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwekhabhoni esebenzayo kunokuphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nokugxininiswa kwezinto ezingcolileyo kunye nobukho bezinto ezikhuphisanayo kumanzi amdaka.

4. IiProtokholi zoKhuseleko kunye noVavanyo rhoqo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokubuyisela esetyenzisiweyo, ukhuseleko luhlala luyinkxalabo ephambili ekuphatheni inkunkuma ye-sodium cyanide. Abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yonyango kufuneka babambelele kwiiprothokholi ezingqongqo zokhuseleko, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kweeglavu zokukhusela i-oyile kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhusela (PPE). Uvavanyo rhoqo lomgangatho wamanzi lukwabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kweendlela zokubuyisela.

Uvavanyo kufuneka luqhutywe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abanokuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo ukuxinwa kwe-cyanide kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi kumanzi amdaka. Le ndlela yokuqalisa ukusebenza ayikhuseli impilo yabasebenzi kuphela kodwa ikwanceda nokuthintela ukosuleleka kokusingqongileyo.

isiphelo

Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka ukulwa nemingeni ebangelwa yinkunkuma ye-sodium cyanide, uphuhliso kunye nokuphunyezwa kweendlela zokubuyisela ezisebenzayo kubalulekile. Indlela ye-acidification, inkqubo yokutshintshiselana kwe-ion, kunye ne-carbon adsorption esebenzayo nganye inika inzuzo kunye nemingeni ekhethekileyo, igxininisa imfuno yendlela echanekileyo esekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zokusebenza.

Ngokubeka phambili ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo, amashishini akakwazi ukunciphisa kuphela ingozi ehambelana nenkunkuma ye-sodium cyanide kodwa igalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo. Njengoko imimiselo iya isanda, ukwamkelwa kweendlela ezintsha zokubuyisela kuya kubaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuhlala kuxanduva kunye nokusingqongileyo.