Iinkqubo zokuSebenza ngoKhuseleko lwe-Sodium Cyanide kunye nokuPhendula ngokuNgxamisekileyo

INUkuveliswa

sodiumi-cyanide (I-NaCN) ngu inetyhefu kakhulu kunye neekhemikhali eziyingozi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana Imigodi, umbane, yaye ukuhlanganiswa kweekhemikhaliNgenxa yokuba igqithisile utyhefu kunye nobungozi obukhulu Impilo yabantu kwaye i indawo, ngqongqo Umsebenzi wokhuselekoinkqubo kwaye iyasebenza Impendulo engxamisekileyo izicwangciso zibaluleke kakhulu xa ukuphatha Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni umbono opheleleyo we iinkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko kwaye amanyathelo okusabela kunxunguphalo uhlobene ne Isodium cyanide.

Properties of Isodium cyanide

I-Sodium Cyanide sisixhobo esimhlophe esiqinileyo esinombala ofana ne-almond. Sinyibilika kakhulu emanzini kwaye senza isisombululo se-alkaline enamandla . Sinobuthi kakhulu , kwaye nangona isixa se -MA sinokubulala ukuba sityiwe, siphefumlwe, okanye sifunxwe lusu. I- MEC inefuthe lobuthi bayo.

Ikhuthaza ukukwazi kwayo ukuthintela umsebenzi we-cytochrome oxidase kwiiseli, ngaloo ndlela iphazamise ukuphefumla kweeseli kwaye ikhokelele kwiimpawu zokutyhefa ngokukhawuleza.

Umsebenzi wokhuseleko Iinkqubo

zokugcina

1. Ukukhetha indawo: I-Sodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo ebekelwe bucala, enomoya ococekileyo. Indawo yokugcina izinto eyahlukileyo kwezinye iikhemikhali , ingakumbi i-asidi . Indawo yokugcina izinto kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo engenazithuthi ezininzi kwaye kude nemithombo yokutsha, i-HEA , kunye nokufuma.

2. Iimfuneko zeSikhongozeli : Kufuneka sigcinwe kwizikhongozeli ezivalwe ngokuqinileyo, ezingamelani nokugqwala ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu okanye intsimbi enemigqubuthelo efanelekileyo . Izikhongozeli kufuneka zibhalwe ngokucacileyo igama leekhemikhali, izilumkiso zengozi , kunye nemiyalelo yokuphatha.

3. Ulawulo lwempahla : Gcina uluhlu oluchanekileyo lwexabiso leSodium Cyanide egciniweyo. Jonga rhoqo izikhongozeli ukuze ubone iimpawu zokuvuza, ukugqwala, okanye umonakalo.

yokusingatha

1. Izixhobo Zokuzikhusela Zomntu (PPE): Abasebenzi abaphatha i-sodium cyanide kufuneka banxibe i-PPE efanelekileyo, kuquka iisuti ezivalekileyo ezimelana neekhemikhali, iiglavu ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nerabha ye-butyl okanye irabha ye-Nitrile , iiglasi zokhuseleko ezimelana neekhemikhali , kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ukuphefumla . Ukhuseleko lokuphefumla kufuneka lube sisixhobo sokuphefumla esizimeleyo (SCBA) kwiimeko apho kukho umngcipheko wokuphefumla umsi we -cyanide okanye uthuli.

2. Iindlela zokuphatha: Xa uhambisa i-sodium cyanide , sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ezifana nee-scoopers okanye ii-funnels ezenziwe ngezinto ezingasebenzisi mandla. Kuphephe ukuvelisa uthuli ngexesha lokuphatha, njengoko amasuntswana aphuma emoyeni anokuphefumlwa lula. Ungaze usebenzise izandla ezingenanto ukuchukumisa ikhemikhali. Yonke imisebenzi mayiqhutywe kwindawo enomoya opholileyo okanye kwindawo enomoya ophumayo osebenzayo.

3. Ukuthintela ukuchitheka: Ngaphambi kokuba uqale naluphi na umsebenzi wokuphatha, qiniseka ukuba indawo yokusebenza ixhotyiswe ngezinto zokulawula ukuchitheka ezifana neepadi zokufunxa, isanti, okanye izinto zokuthomalalisa. Yiba nesicwangciso sokuthintela ukuchitheka kwaye wazi indawo yezikhululo zokuhlamba amehlo ezingxamisekileyo kunye neeshawa zoKhuseleko.

uthutho

1. Iimfuno zesithuthi: i-sodium Cyanide kufuneka ithuthwe kwizithuthi eziyilelwe kwaye zamkelweyo ukuthutha izinto ezinobungozi . Izithuthi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezifanelekileyo, izixhobo zokuthintela ukuchitheka, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko .

2. Amaxwebhu: Lonke uthutho lwe -sodium cyanide kufuneka luhambisane namaxwebhu aneenkcukacha, kuquka igama lekhemikhali, ubungakanani, imvelaphi, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano olungxamisekileyo. Indlela yothutho kufuneka icwangciswe ngononophelo ukuze kuthintelwe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi kunye neendawo ezinee- receptors zengqondo ze-env iron ezibuthathaka.

Ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza Amanyathelo

Kwimeko yokuvuza okanye ukuchitheka

1. Ukuphuma: Bakhuphe bonke abasebenzi abangengobalulekanga kuloo ndawo ngoko nangoko. Misa umda ojikeleze indawo echithekileyo ukuze uthintele ukungena okungavumelekanga.

2. Ukuthintela: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulawula ukuchitheka ukuze uthintele ukusasazeka kwe -Sodium cyanide echithekileyo. Izinto ezifunxayo zingasetyenziselwa ukufunxa ulwelo oluchithekileyo, ngelixa isanti okanye ezinye izinto ezingasebenziyo zingasetyenziselwa ukugquma ukuchitheka okuqinileyo. Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi ukuhlamba ukuchitheka, kuba oku kunokubangela ukwakheka kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide , enobungozi kakhulu.

3. Ukungaguquguquki: Kwizinto ezincinci ezichithekileyo, i-arhente yokungaguquguquki efana ne -sodium hypochlorite ingasetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-sodium cyanide ibe zizinto ezingenabungozi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abalandela iinkqubo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo.

4. Ukucoca: Emva kokunciphisa ukungcola, coca ngononophelo izinto ezichithekileyo uze uzibeke kwizikhongozeli ezifanelekileyo, ezineeleyibhile ukuze zilahlwe. Indawo yokucoca kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye zonke izixhobo zokucoca kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokucoca kufuneka zicocwe kakuhle kwaye zisuswe ngokupheleleyo.

Kwimeko yetyhefu

1. Uncedo lokuqala: Ukuba umntu urhanelwa ukuba utyhefwe yi-sodium cyanide, msuse ngoko nangoko umntu onesifo kwindawo engcolileyo umse emoyeni omtsha. Ukuba ikhemikhali idibene nolusu, susa impahla engcolileyo uze uhlambe ulusu ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 . Ukuba amehlo achaphazelekile, wahlambe ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Musa ukumbangela ukuba ahlanze.

2. Unyango lwezonyango : Fowunela iinkonzo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo ngoko nangoko. Ixhoba linokufuna unyango olune- Antidotes ezifana ne-hydroxocobalamin okanye i-Sodium nitrite / sodium thiosulfate . Unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ukuze umntu onetyhefu asinde.

Umlilo obandakanya i-sodium cyanide

1. Indlela yokulwa nomlilo : Sebenzisa izicima-mlilo ezomileyo, isanti, okanye izicima-mlilo zeCarbon dioxide ukulwa nomlilo oquka i-sodium cyanide. Musa ukusebenzisa amanzi, njengoko anokusabela kwi-sodium cyanide ukuvelisa igesi ye-Hydrogen cyanide . Abacimi-mlilo kufuneka banxibe i-PPE epheleleyo, kuquka i-SCBA, baze basondele emlilweni besuka emoyeni.

2. Uvavanyo lwengozi: Jonga umoya ukuze ubone ukuba kukho igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide ngexesha lomlilo nasemva kwawo. Susa iindawo ezikufutshane ukuba uxinaniso lwegesi ludlula amanqanaba akhuselekileyo. Emva kokuba umlilo ucinyiwe, jonga ngononophelo umonakalo kwaye ucoce naziphi na iintsalela ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yengqondo ye-env iron .

Uqeqesho neMfundo

Bonke abasebenzi abanokudibana ne-sodium cyanide, kuquka abasebenzi abasebenza kwimveliso , kwindawo yokugcina izinto, ekuthuthweni, nakwi - Emergency Response , kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo malunga neempawu, iinkqubo zokusebenza zokhuseleko, kunye namanyathelo okuphendula ngokukhawuleza anxulumene ne-sodium cyanide. Olu qeqesho kufuneka lubandakanye ukuziqhelanisa nokuphatha ukuchitheka, ukusebenzisa i-PPE, kunye nokunika uncedo lokuqala. Iirekhodi zoqeqesho kufuneka zigcinwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho.

isiphelo

I-Sodium cyanide yikhemikhali efuna ingqwalasela ephezulu kunye nokunamathela ngokungqongqo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko. Ngokulandela imigaqo efanelekileyo yokugcina, yokuphatha, kunye neyokuthutha, kunye nokuba neSicwangciso sokuPhendula ngokungxamisekileyo esisebenzayo, iingozi ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide zinokuncitshiswa. Uqeqesho oluqhelekileyo kunye nokufundiswa kwabasebenzi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo kunye nokukhusela impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwiingozi ezinokubakho zale Chemical ineTyhefu.