UThutho kunye noGcino lweSodium Cyanide: Ukuqinisekisa uKhuseleko lweMichiza

I-sodium cyanide yikhemikhali enobungozi kakhulu neyityhefu esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ezinje ngokombiwa kwegolide, ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweekhemikhali. Ngenxa yobutyhefu bayo obugqithisileyo kunye nokuba yingozi kwimpilo yabantu nakwindalo esingqongileyo, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo angqongqo ngexesha lokuThuthwa nokuGcinwa kwayo ukuthintela iingozi nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.

Ukuqonda iiPropati zeSodium Cyanide

I-Sodium cyanide (NaCN) sisithambisi esimhlophe, esikristale esinevumba elibi elifana nele-almond. Inyibilika kakhulu emanzini kwaye yenza isisombululo esinamandla se-alkaline. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwi- Sodium cyanide bubuthi bayo obugqithisileyo. Ukuba kukho ii-asidi okanye amanzi, inokukhupha igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, enobuthi obukhulu kwaye inokubangela ukufa ngokukhawuleza nokuba iphantsi. Olu phawu lwenza kube yimfuneko ukuphatha i-sodium cyanide ngononophelo olukhulu kulo lonke ixesha lobomi bayo, ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya ekulahleni.

Iimfuneko zoLawulo lwezoThutho noGcino

Imigaqo yezoThutho

Kumazwe amaninzi, ukuthuthwa kwe-sodium cyanide kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo engqongqo. Umzekelo, eMelika, iSebe lezoThutho (i-DOT) limisele imithetho ebanzi phantsi kweMithetho yeZinto eziHazardous Materials (HMR). Le mithetho igubungela imiba efana nokuPakisha ngokufanelekileyo , ukulebhelisha, kunye nokupapasha ukuthunyelwa kwe-sodium cyanide. Ukupakisha kufuneka kuyilwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokumelana neemeko eziqhelekileyo zokuphathwa ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Iilebheli kunye neebhodi kufuneka zibonise ngokucacileyo ubukho bento enobuthi kakhulu, kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano olungxamisekileyo.

Ngamazwe ngamazwe, i-International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code ilawula ukuthuthwa kwe-sodium cyanide ngolwandle. Ibeka iimfuneko zokuhlelwa, ukupakishwa, kunye nokugcinwa kwekhemikhali ukuqinisekisa uthutho olukhuselekileyo lwaselwandle. Ngokufanayo, i-International Air Transport Association (IATA) iMimiselo yeeMpahla ezinobungozi isebenza ekuthuthweni kwemoya, kunye nemimiselo ethile yokuthutha okukhuselekileyo kwe-sodium cyanide kwinqwelo-moya.

Imigaqo yoGcino

Ukugcinwa kwe-sodium cyanide nayo ilawulwa ngokuqinileyo. Amaziko agcina i-sodium cyanide kufuneka ahambelane nemigangatho yokhuseleko yasekhaya, yesizwe, neyehlabathi. Le migangatho isoloko ifuna ukuba indawo yokugcina ibekwe kwindawo engena umoya, indawo ekhuselekileyo kude nemithombo yobushushu, yokutshisa, kunye nezinto ezingahambelaniyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-sodium cyanide akufanele igcinwe kufuphi ne-acids, njengoko impendulo phakathi kwabo inokukhulula igesi ebulalayo ye-hydrogen cyanide.

Izikhongozeli zokugcina kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokuhlwa yi-sodium cyanide kwaye ziyilelwe ukuthintela ukuvuza. Ukongezelela, izibonelelo zokugcina kufuneka zibe nezicwangciso zokusabela kwimeko engxamisekileyo, kubandakanywa ukuchithwa kokuchithwa kunye neenkqubo zokucoca. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwendawo yokugcina kunye nezikhongozeli nazo zinyanzelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yokhuseleko.

Amanyathelo oKhuseleko kwezoThutho

Packaging

Ukupakishwa okufanelekileyo yindlela yokuqala yokukhusela ekuthuthweni okukhuselekileyo kwe-sodium cyanide. Izinto zokupakisha kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lomzimba, utshintsho lobushushu, kunye nokufuma ngexesha lokuhamba. I-UN - ukupakishwa okuvunyiweyo kusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, okubandakanya amagubu, iibhokisi, kunye nezikhongozeli zezambuku eziphakathi (IBCs) ezenziwe ngentsimbi, iplastiki - intsimbi enemigca, okanye ipolyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu. Ezi zikhongozeli ziyavavanywa ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokuthintela ukuvuza phantsi kweemeko zengozi eziqhelekileyo nezibonakalayo.

Iintambo zangaphakathi zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukupakisha ukubonelela ngomqobo owongezelelweyo ngokuchasene nokuvuza. Umzekelo, iingxowa zeplastiki ezinemigca ephindwe kabini zingasetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwimigqomo yentsimbi ukuze zibe nesodium cyanide. Ukupakishwa kufuneka kwakhona kutywinwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukungena kokufuma okanye umoya, onokuthi uqalise ukusabela kweekhemikhali.

Ukulayisha nokukothula

Ngexesha lokulayishwa kunye nokukhupha imisebenzi, iiprothokholi ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kufuneka zilandelwe. Abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kule misebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshelwe ukuphatha izinto eziyingozi kwaye baxhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela (PPE), kubandakanywa iisuti ezikwaziyo ukumelana neekhemikhali, iiglavu, iiglavu, kunye nokhuseleko lokuphefumla.

Iindawo zokulayishwa nezokothulwa kufuneka zicoceke, zome, kwaye zingabi nakuphi na ukutshisa okanye ungcoliseko. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-forklift enezihlomelo ezifanelekileyo, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuphatha izitya ezinzima ze-sodium cyanide. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuphepha ukuwisa okanye ukonakalisa izikhongozeli ngexesha lalo msebenzi.

Izithuthi zoThutho

Izithuthi zokuthutha ezisetyenziselwa i-sodium cyanide kufuneka zenziwe ngokukodwa kwaye zixhotyiswe ukuphatha izinto ezinobungozi. Iilori, oololiwe, kunye neenqanawa ezithutha i-sodium cyanide kufuneka zibe neempawu ezifana neenkqubo zokugalela, iivalvu zokuvala ngokungxamisekileyo, kunye nokungena komoya ngendlela efanelekileyo. Izithuthi kufuneka nazo zihlolwe rhoqo kwaye zilondolozwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zazo zokhuseleko ziyasebenza.

Kwimeko yothutho ezindleleni, iilori kufuneka zilandele iindlela ezichongiweyo ezithintela iindawo ezinabemi kunye nemimandla enovakalelo yokusingqongileyo xa kunokwenzeka. Kufuneka kwakhona baxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulandelela ukuze indawo abakuyo ibe nokujongwa ngexesha lokwenyani xa kukho unxunguphalo.

Imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko kuGcino

Uyilo lweNdawo yoGcino

Uyilo lwendawo yokugcina i-sodium cyanide ibalulekile kukhuseleko. Indawo kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo enemijelo efanelekileyo yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo nayiphi na i-sodium cyanide evuzayo kwimeko yengozi. Kufuneka ibiyelwe ngocingo olubiyelweyo ukuze ithintele ukufikelela kubasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo kuphela.

Isakhiwo sogcino kufuneka sakhiwe ngezinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo kwaye sibe nenkqubo yokungenisa umoya enokususa naziphi na iigesi ezinokuba yingozi. Inkqubo yokungenisa umoya kufuneka iyilwe ukuba isebenze ngokuqhubekayo okanye isebenze ngokuzenzekelayo xa kukho ukuvuza kwegesi.

Ukugcinwa kwesikhongozeli

Izikhongozeli zesodium cyanide kufuneka zigcinwe ngendlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo kunye nokuvuza. Kufuneka zibekwe kwiipalati okanye iiplatifomu eziphakanyisiweyo ukukhusela ukudibanisa nomgangatho kunye nokuququzelela ukuhlolwa kokuvuza. Izikhongozelo kufuneka zigcinwe kude neendonga kunye nezinye izakhiwo ukuvumela ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo kunye nokufikelela kwiimpendulo zikaxakeka.

Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo rhoqo kwezikhongozelo kufuneka kuqhutywe ukujonga iimpawu zomhlwa, izibonda, okanye ukuvuza. Naziphi na izikhongozeli ezonakeleyo kufuneka zisuswe ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yokugcina kwaye zibekwe kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, kwindawo yesibini yokugcina ukulahlwa okanye ukulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo.

UCwangciso lokuSabela ngokuNgxamisekileyo

Isicwangciso esisebenzayo sempendulo kaxakeka siyimfuneko kulo naliphi na iziko eligcina i-sodium cyanide. Isicwangciso kufuneka siquke iinkqubo zokusabela ekuchithekeni, ukuvuza, kunye nokukhutshwa kwegesi. Kufuneka kwakhona ichaze iindima kunye noxanduva lwabasebenzi beziko kwimeko kaxakeka.

Izixhobo zokusabela ngokungxamisekileyo, ezifana nezixhobo zokuchitha, izinto zokufunxa, kunye nezixhobo zokubona igesi, kufuneka zifumaneke lula kwindawo yokugcina. Uqeqesho rhoqo kunye no-drills kufuneka kuqhutywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi baqhelana neenkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwaye banokusebenza ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo xa kukho isiganeko.

isiphelo

Ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwe-sodium cyanide yimisebenzi efuna ulwazi oluphezulu ngokhuseleko kunye nokuthobela imithetho. Ngokuqonda iipropati ze-sodium cyanide, ukunamathela kwiimfuno zoLawulo , kunye nokusebenzisa amanyathelo angqongqo oKhuseleko kokubini ukuthuthwa kunye nokugcinwa, iingozi ezinxulumene nale khemikhali inobungozi kakhulu zinokuncitshiswa kakhulu. Luxanduva lwabo bonke ababandakanyekayo ekuphathweni kwe-sodium cyanide, ukusuka kubavelisi ukuya kubathuthi kunye nabaqhubi beendawo zokugcina, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi, uluntu, kunye nokusingqongileyo.