Yiyiphi imiba ekufuneka ihlawulwe ingqalelo xa uhambisa i-sodium cyanide?

Sodium i-cyanide yikhemikhali eyityhefu kakhulu esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali. Ngenxa yobutyhefu obugqithisileyo kunye nokubanakho ukubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuthutha Isodium cyanide ifuna ukhathalelo olukhulu kunye nokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwiiprothokholi zokhuseleko. Eli nqaku lichaza amanyathelo okhuseleko abalulekileyo ekufuneka athathwe xa kuhanjiswa le nto iyingozi.

Ukuthotyelwa koMthetho

1. Amaphepha-mvume kunye neMvume: Phambi kwalo naluphi na uthutho lwe sodium cyanide kunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukufumana zonke iimvume eziyimfuneko kunye neelayisensi kumagunya alawulayo afanelekileyo. Ezi mvume zibandakanya ukubonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko, ukuba nezicwangciso ezifanelekileyo zokusabela kwimeko kaxakeka, kunye nokubonisa ukuba abasebenzi bezothutho baqeqeshwe ngokwaneleyo. Ngokomzekelo, kumazwe amaninzi, iinkampani kufuneka zifake isicelo semvume yokuthutha izinto eziyingozi, ezinokufuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa.

2. Ukuthotyelwa kweMimiselo: Thobela imimiselo yezothutho yelizwe nelizwe jikelele. EUnited States, iSebe lezoThutho (DOT) linemithetho engqongqo malunga nokupakishwa, iilebhile kunye nokuthuthwa kwezinto ezinobungozi ezifana Isodium cyanide. IKhowudi yeMpahla eDangerous yaseLwandle yaMazwe ngaMazwe (IMDG) kufuneka ilandelwe kuthutho lwaselwandle, kwaye iSivumelwano saseYurophu malunga nokuThuthwa kweeMpahla eziDangerous by Road (ADR) sisebenza kuthutho lwendlela eYurophu. Le migaqo ibandakanya imiba efana neyona milinganiselo iphezulu evumelekileyo ngesithuthi okanye isingxobo ngasinye, imilinganiselo yesantya, kunye nezithintelo zeendlela.

Ukupakishwa kunye noKuqulatha

1. Ukupakishwa okuqinileyo: Sebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukujongana nendalo ebolileyo kunye netyhefu ye-sodium cyanide. Ukupakishwa kufuneka kwenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-high - density polyethylene (HDPE) okanye intsimbi, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-sodium cyanide (eqinile okanye engamanzi). I-sodium cyanide eqinile isoloko ithuthwa kwiidramu zetsimbi ezitywiniweyo okanye iibhokisi zefiberboard ezifakwe ngeplastiki. Ulwelo lwesodium cyanide ifuna ukupakishwa okukhethekileyo ngakumbi, okufana netanki yentsimbi engenasici okanye umhlwa - izikhongozeli zeplastiki ezixhathisayo.

2. Ukutywinwa kunye nokuVela: Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iipakethe zitywinwe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuvuza. Kwimeko ye-sodium cyanide yolwelo, izitywina kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nokutshintsha koxinzelelo ngexesha lokuthutha. Ezinye izikhongozeli zisenokufuna iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha umoya ukuze zikhulule naluphi na uxinzelelo olwakhiwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umoya wokukhupha umoya kufuneka uyilwe ngendlela ethintela ukuphuma komsi onetyhefu kwindawo engqongileyo.

3. Ukuleyibhile kunye nokuMakisha: Bhala ngokucacileyo zonke iipakethe ezinezilumkiso ezifanelekileyo zengozi. Iileyibhile kufuneka ibonise ukuba iziqulatho ziyi-sodium cyanide, kunye nesimboli ethi "Toxic" kunye neenkcukacha malunga nokuphathwa kakuhle kwimeko kaxakeka. Ukumakishwa kufuneka kubandakanye inombolo ye-UN (i-1689 ye-sodium cyanide eqinile kunye ne-1935 yezisombululo ze-sodium cyanide), enceda abaphenduli bexakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba babone into xa kwenzeka ingozi.

Imeko yezoThutho

1. Ulawulo lobushushu kunye nokufuma: I-sodium cyanide kufuneka ihanjiswe kwindawo apho ubushushu kunye nokufuma kulawulwa ngononophelo. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokunyusa umngcipheko wokubola okanye ukusabela kweekhemikhali, ngelixa ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukubunjwa kwegesi eyityhefu yehydrogen cyanide. Umzekelo, kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, iilori zinokufuna ukuxhotyiswa ngamaqondo obushushu-alawulwayo ukuze kugcinwe i-sodium cyanide ngaphakathi koluhlu olukhuselekileyo lobushushu.

2. Ukuphepha Izinto ezingcolisayo: Gcina i-sodium cyanide kude nezinye izinto ezinokusabela ngayo. Akufanele ihanjiswe kwisithuthi esifanayo kunye ne-acids, i-oxidizing agents, okanye izinto ezisebenzayo zamanzi. Ukuvuza okuncinci kweasidi kufutshane nesikhongozeli sesodium cyanide kunokukhokelela ekuvelisweni kwegesi eyityhefu yehydrogen cyanide, eyingozi kakhulu kubo bobabini abasebenzi bezothutho nakwimeko engqongileyo.

UQeqesho noKhuseleko lwaBasebenzi

1. Uqeqesho oluKhethekileyo: Bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekuthuthweni kwe-sodium cyanide, kubandakanywa nabaqhubi, abalayishi, kunye nabakhaphi, kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olukhethekileyo malunga nokuphatha izinto ezinobungozi. Olu qeqesho kufuneka lufake iipropati ze-sodium cyanide, iinkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zokukhusela zomntu (PPE). Uqeqesho kufuneka luhlaziywe rhoqo ukuze luhambelane nalo naluphi na utshintsho kwimimiselo yokhuseleko okanye ezona ndlela zingcono zokusebenza.

2. Isixhobo sokuKhusela: Ukubonelela kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwePPE efanelekileyo. Abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe iisuti ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza, iiglavu, iiglavu, kunye nezincedisi zokuphefumla. Iziphefumli kufuneka ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukuhluza umsi oyityhefu njengehydrogen cyanide. I-PPE kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukuze kukhangelwe naziphi na iimpawu zokuguga kwaye kufakwe enye indawo njengoko kuyimfuneko.

3. UCwangciso lokuSabela ngokuNgxamisekileyo: Yiba nesicwangciso esibanzi sempendulo kaxakeka. Esi sicwangciso kufuneka siquke iinkqubo zokujongana nokuchitheka, ukuvuza, okanye iingozi. Abasebenzi bafanele bayazi indlela yokwahlula ngokukhawuleza indawo echaphazelekayo, bazise abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo, kwaye baqalise amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala ukuba kuyimfuneko. Uqeqesho olungxamisekileyo kufuneka luqhutywe rhoqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba bonke abasebenzi bayayazi indima kunye noxanduva lwabo ngexesha likaxakeka.

UCwangciso lweNdlela kunye nokuBeka iliso

1. UKhetho lweNdlela eKhuselekileyo: Cwangcisa indlela yothutho ngocoselelo, uphepha iindawo ezixineneyo, izikolo, izibhedlele, kunye neendawo ezinezamkeli ezibuthathaka zokusingqongileyo. Iindlela kufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nomthamo wezithuthi, iimeko zendlela, kunye nokufumaneka kweenkonzo zongxamiseko. Kwezinye iimeko, iimvume ezikhethekileyo zingafuneka ukuthutha i-sodium cyanide kwiindawo ezithile.

2. UkuJonga iMoto: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulandelela ukujonga indawo kunye nokuhamba kwesithuthi esihambisa i-sodium cyanide. Oku kuvumela ukulandelwa kwexesha lokwenyani xa kukho nakuphi na ukutenxa kwindlela ecetywayo okanye kwimeko kaxakeka. Ezinye iinkqubo eziphambili zinokubeka iliso kwimeko yomthwalo, njengobushushu kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwezikhongozeli.

Ukuthutha i-sodium cyanide ngumsebenzi onzima kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu ofuna ukucwangciswa ngokucokisekileyo, ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwimimiselo, kunye nokuzinikela kukhuseleko kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ngokulandela la manyathelo okhuseleko, imingcipheko eyayanyaniswa nokuthutha le nto inetyhefu kakhulu inokucuthwa, ikhusela ubomi babantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.