Yiyiphi imiba ekufuneka ihlawulwe ingqalelo xa uhambisa i-sodium cyanide?

Sodium i-cyanide yikhemikhali eyityhefu kakhulu esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nemigodi, i-electroplating, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali. Ngenxa yobutyhefu obugqithisileyo kunye nokubanakho ukubangela ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuthutha Isodium cyanide ifuna ukhathalelo olukhulu kunye nokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwiiprothokholi zokhuseleko. Eli nqaku lichaza amanyathelo okhuseleko abalulekileyo ekufuneka athathwe xa kuhanjiswa le nto iyingozi.

Ukuthotyelwa koMthetho

1. Iimvume kunye neLayisensi : Ngaphambi kokuba kuthuthwe i- sodium cyanide , kubalulekile ukufumana zonke iimvume kunye neelayisenisi ezifunekayo kwiziphathamandla ezifanelekileyo. Ezi mvume zihlala ziquka ukubonisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko, ukuba nezicwangciso ezifanelekileyo zokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka, kunye nokubonisa ukuba abasebenzi bezothutho baqeqeshwe ngokwaneleyo. Umzekelo, kumazwe amaninzi, iinkampani kufuneka zifake isicelo semvume ekhethekileyo yokuthutha izinto ezinobungozi, enokufuna ukuhlaziywa rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa.

2. Ukuthotyelwa kweMigqaliselo : Thobela imithetho yezothutho yesizwe neyehlabathi. E-United States, iSebe lezoThutho (i-DOT) linemithetho engqongqo malunga nokupakishwa, ukulebhelishwa, kunye nokuthuthwa kwezinto eziyingozi ezifana ne -Sodium cyanide . IKhowudi yeeMpahla eziyingozi zaseLwandle (i-IMDG) kufuneka ilandelwe kuthutho lwaselwandle, kwaye iSivumelwano saseYurophu malunga nokuThuthwa kweeMpahla eziyingozi ngaMazwe ngaMazwe ngeNdlela (i-ADR) sisebenza kuthutho lwendlela eYurophu. Le mithetho igubungela imiba efana nobungakanani obukhulu obuvumelekileyo ngesithuthi okanye kwisikhongozeli, imida yesantya, kunye nemida yokuhamba.

Ukupakishwa kunye noKuqulatha

1. Ukupakisha Okuqinileyo : Sebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukujongana nohlobo lwe-sodium cyanide olunokutsha nolunobuthi. Ukupakisha kufuneka kwenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu (i-HDPE) okanye intsimbi, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-sodium cyanide (eqinileyo okanye elulwelo). I-sodium cyanide eqinileyo idla ngokuthuthwa kwiidrama zesinyithi ezivaliweyo okanye kwiibhokisi ze-fiberboard ezigqunywe ngeplastiki. I-sodium cyanide engamanzi ifuna ukupakisha okukhethekileyo, njengeetanki zesinyithi ezingenasici okanye izikhongozeli zeplastiki ezimelana nokutsha.

2. Ukuvala Nokukhupha Umoya : Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iipakethe zivalwe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuvuza. Kwimeko ye-sodium cyanide engamanzi, izivalo kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana notshintsho loxinzelelo ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Ezinye izikhongozeli zinokufuna iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokukhupha umoya ukuze zikhulule naluphi na uxinzelelo oluqokelelweyo ngokukhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhupha umoya kufuneka kuyilwe ngendlela ethintela ukuphuma komsi onetyhefu kwindalo esingqongileyo.

3. Ukubhala nokuMakisha : Bhala ngokucacileyo zonke iipakethe ngezilumkiso ezifanelekileyo zengozi. Iilebheli mazibonise ukuba umxholo yi-sodium cyanide, kunye nophawu "olunetyhefu" kunye nolwazi malunga nokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwimeko yengxakeko. Iimpawu mazibandakanye nenombolo ye-UN (1689 ye-sodium cyanide eqinileyo kunye ne-1935 yezisombululo ze-sodium cyanide), enceda abaphenduli bengxakeko ukuba baqaphele ngokukhawuleza into xa kwenzeka ingozi.

Imeko yezoThutho

1. Ulawulo Lobushushu Nokufuma : I-Sodium cyanide kufuneka ithuthwe kwindawo apho ubushushu kunye nokufuma kulawulwa ngononophelo. Ubushushu obuphezulu bunokunyusa umngcipheko wokubola okanye ukusabela kweekhemikhali, ngelixa ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukwakheka kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi. Umzekelo, ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni, iilori zinokufuna ukuxhotyiswa ngamacandelo alawulwa bubushushu ukuze kugcinwe i-sodium cyanide kumanqanaba obushushu akhuselekileyo.

2. Ukuphepha Izinto Ezingcolisayo : Gcina i-sodium cyanide kude nezinye izinto ezinokusabela kuyo. Akufanele ithuthwe ngesithuthi esinye nee-asidi, ii-oxidizing agents, okanye izinto ezisabela emanzini. Ukuvuza okuncinci kwe-asidi kufutshane nesikhongozeli se-sodium cyanide kunokukhokelela ekuvelisweni kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi kakhulu, eyingozi kakhulu kubasebenzi bezothutho nakwindalo esingqongileyo.

UQeqesho noKhuseleko lwaBasebenzi

1. Uqeqesho Olukhethekileyo : Bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyeka ekuthuthweni kwe-sodium cyanide, kuquka abaqhubi, ii-loaders, kunye nee-escorts, kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olukhethekileyo malunga nokuphatha izinto eziyingozi. Olu qeqesho kufuneka lugubungele iimpawu ze-sodium cyanide, iinkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE). Uqeqesho kufuneka luhlaziywe rhoqo ukuze luhambelane naluphi na utshintsho kwimigaqo yokhuseleko okanye iindlela ezilungileyo.

2. Izixhobo zokuzikhusela zobuqu : Nika kwaye uqinisekise ukusetyenziswa kwePPE efanelekileyo. Abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe iisuti ezingangeni khemikhali, iiglavu, iiglasi zeglasi, kunye neziphefumli. Iziphefumli kufuneka zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukucoca umsi onobuthi onjenge-hydrogen cyanide. I-PPE kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukuba akukho zimpawu zokuguguleka kwaye itshintshwe njengoko kufuneka.

3. Ucwangciso lweNgxaki yoXinzelelo : Yiba nesicwangciso esibanzi sokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka. Esi sicwangciso kufuneka siquke iinkqubo zokujongana nokuchitheka, ukuvuza, okanye iingozi. Abasebenzi kufuneka bazi indlela yokwahlula ngokukhawuleza indawo echaphazelekayo, bazise abasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo, kwaye baqalise amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala ukuba kuyimfuneko. Uqeqesho olungxamisekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abasebenzi bayayazi imisebenzi kunye noxanduva lwabo ngexesha likaxakeka.

UCwangciso lweNdlela kunye nokuBeka iliso

1. Ukukhetha Indlela Ekhuselekileyo : Cwangcisa indlela yokuthutha ngononophelo, uphephe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, izikolo, izibhedlele, kunye neendawo ezinee-receptors ezinobuthathaka. Iindlela kufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nomthamo wezithuthi, iimeko zendlela, kunye nokufumaneka kweenkonzo zongxamiseko. Kwezinye iimeko, iimvume ezikhethekileyo zinokufuneka ukuze kuthuthwe i-sodium cyanide kwiindawo ezithile.

2. Ukubeka iliso kwiZithuthi : Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulandelela ukujonga indawo kunye nokuhamba kwesithuthi esithutha i-sodium cyanide. Oku kuvumela ukulandelwa kwexesha langempela xa kukho naluphi na uphambuko kwindlela ecwangcisiweyo okanye xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Ezinye iinkqubo eziphambili zinokubeka iliso kwimeko yempahla, njengobushushu kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwezikhongozeli.

Ukuthutha i-sodium cyanide ngumsebenzi onzima kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu ofuna ukucwangciswa ngokucokisekileyo, ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwimimiselo, kunye nokuzinikela kukhuseleko kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ngokulandela la manyathelo okhuseleko, imingcipheko eyayanyaniswa nokuthutha le nto inetyhefu kakhulu inokucuthwa, ikhusela ubomi babantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.