Ifekthri ye-sodium cyanide ingaphathwa kanjani ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha?

Sodium i-cyanide iyikhemikhali enobuthi obukhulu, futhi ukuphathwa kwayo ngendlela engafanele kungaholela emiphumeleni eyinhlekelele empilweni yomuntu nasendaweni ezungezile. Ngakho-ke, ukuphathwa okuqinile kokuphepha ku I-sodium cyanide izimboni zibaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngezinyathelo zokulawula ukuphepha okufanele zisetshenziswe ezimbonini ezinjalo.

Ukuphepha Kwesitoreji

1. Izindawo Zokugcina Ezizodwa: I-sodium cyanide kufanele igcinwe ezindaweni ezikhethiwe nezizimele zodwa. Lezi zindawo kufanele zihlukaniswe kwezinye izindawo zokugcina amakhemikhali ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yikuphi ukusabela okungenzeka. Ikakhulukazi, kufanele igcinwe kude nezinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo. Isibonelo, uma kunomlilo endaweni yokugcina izinto ezivuthayo, i I-Sodium Cyanide indawo yokugcina impahla kufanele ivikelwe emthelela wayo. Indawo yokugcina impahla kumele yome futhi ingene umoya. Umswakama ungadala i-sodium cyanide ukusabela nokukhulula igesi enobuthi ye-hydrogen cyanide. Ukwengeza, ukugcina ibanga elifanele ukusuka emithonjeni yokuthungela, njengamalangabi avulekile kumasistimu okushisa emboni noma imisebenzi yokushisela, kubalulekile ukuze ugweme noma yikuphi ukuthungela ngengozi.

2. Sula Ukukhonjwa kanye nokulebula: Zonke iziqukathi ze-sodium cyanide kufanele zibhalwe ngokucacile ngolwazi olumayelana nekhemikhali, okuhlanganisa negama layo, izinga lobuthi, kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha zokusingatha. Amasistimu wokufaka amakhodi ngombala angasetshenziswa njengesisetshenziswa esibonakalayo esengeziwe. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ilebula ebomvu ngokugqamile ukukhombisa ubuthi obuphezulu. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi babone ngokushesha izingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nento, ukwehlisa ingcuphe yokuchayeka ngengozi noma ukuphatha okungalungile.

Ukuphatha kanye Nokuphepha Kokusebenza

1. Izinsiza Zokuvikela (i-PPE): Izisebenzi eziphethe i-sodium cyanide kufanele zifakwe i-PPE efanele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagilavu ​​amelana namakhemikhali, njenge-neoprene noma amagilavu ​​erabha, ukuvimbela ukuthintana kwesikhumba. Izipumuli zobuso ezigcwele kufanele zigqokwe ukuze zivikeleke ekuhogeleni kwanoma iyiphi igesi ye-cyanide ekhishiwe. Amasudi amelana namakhemikhali namabhuzu enjoloba nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe umzimba ekuchaphazeni. Ukwengeza, izithungatha zegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide yomuntu siqu kufanele ziphathwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze zixwayise abasebenzi uma kwenzeka kuvuza igesi.

2. Izinqubo Eziqinile Zokusebenza: Izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe kuphela nezigunyaziwe okufanele zivunyelwe ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezihlobene ne-sodium cyanide. Izinqubo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile (ama-SOP) kufanele zisungulwe kuzo zonke izinyathelo, kusukela ekutholeni ikhemikhali kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ekukhiqizeni. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwe-sodium cyanide isuka endaweni yokugcina iyiswa endaweni yokukhiqiza, i-SOP kufanele ichaze kabanzi ngamasu okuphakamisa afanele, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifanele zokudlulisa, kanye nokuqapha inqubo yokudlulisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza. Lezi zinqubo kufanele zilandelwe ngokuqinile, futhi noma yikuphi ukuchezuka kufanele kubikwe ngokushesha futhi kuphenywe.

3. Amasheke okusebenza kwangaphambili: Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okuhilela i-sodium cyanide, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola okokusebenza ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga noma zokonakala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu okungenisa umoya asebenza kahle, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto zokuphepha, njengamavalvu okuvala izimo eziphuthumayo, ayasebenza. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lokuxutshwa, okokusebenza okuxubayo kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi akuvuzi yini, futhi isishunqisi kufanele sihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuqeqeshwa Nemfundo

1. Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuqala Nokuvamile: Abasebenzi abasha kufanele bathole ukuqeqeshwa okujulile kokuphepha ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukusebenza nge-sodium cyanide. Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kufake izakhiwo ze-sodium cyanide, izingozi ezingase zibe khona, kanye nokuphathwa okufanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphendula izimo eziphuthumayo. Ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile kokuvuselela kufanele futhi kuhlinzekwe kubasebenzi abakhona ukuze bagcine ulwazi lwabo lusesikhathini samanje. Lokhu kungenziwa minyaka yonke noma njalo ngeminyaka emibili, kuye ngemvamisa yokuchayeka kwabo ekhemikhalini.

2. Izandla - ekuqeqesheni: Ngaphezu kolwazi lwethiyori, ukuqeqeshwa kwezandla kubalulekile. Izisebenzi kufanele zizijwayeze ukuphatha i-sodium cyanide endaweni elingisa kuyo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabaqeqeshi abanolwazi. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi bathole amakhono angokoqobo ekusebenziseni i-PPE, izinto zokusebenza, kanye nokusabela ezigamekweni ezingase zibe khona, njengokuchitheka okuncane.

UHlelo Lwezimpendulo Eziphuthumayo

1. Izinhlelo Eziphelele: Izimboni kufanele zenze izinhlelo ezinemininingwane zokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Lezi zinhlelo kufanele zibandakanye izinqubo zokubika isigameko, njengokuvuza noma ukuchitheka, kwabaphathi abafanelekile nasemaqenjini angaphakathi okubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo. Izindlela zokuphuma kufanele zichazwe ngokucacile, futhi abasebenzi kufanele baqeqeshwe ngendlela yokuphuma ngendlela ehlelekile. Izinqubo zosizo lokuqala zokuchayeka kwe-cyanide kufanele nazo zifakwe, kanye nolwazi mayelana nendawo yeziteshi zokugeza amehlo eziphuthumayo kanye nezihlambi zokuphepha.

2. I-Regular Drills: Ukwenza izivivinyo ezijwayelekile eziphuthumayo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abasebenzi bayazazi izinqubo zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo. Lezi zivivinyo kufanele zilingise izimo ezihlukene, njengokuchitheka okukhulu noma umlilo ohlanganisa i-sodium cyanide. Ngemva kokuprakthiza ngakunye, kufanele kubanjwe iseshini yokudingida ukuze kuhlonzwe izindawo okufanele kuthuthukiswe futhi kwenziwe izinguquko ezidingekayo ohlelweni lokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukusingathwa kwendle

1. Ukulahlwa Okufanelekile: Noma yimuphi udoti oqukethe i-sodium cyanide kufanele ilahlwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo efanele yezemvelo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukwelashwa ukuze kukhishwe ubuthi ngaphambi kokulahlwa. Isibonelo, enye imfucuza ingalashwa ngama-oxidizing agents ukuze kuguqulwe i-cyanide ibe izinto eziyingozi kancane. Imfucuza kufanele ithuthelwe ezindaweni zokulahla ezigunyaziwe ngabaphathi bemfucuza abanelayisensi.

2. Ukulandelela Udoti: Sungula uhlelo lokulandelela imfucuza kusukela ekukhiqizeni kwayo efekthri kuya ekulahlekeni kwayo kokugcina. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugcina amarekhodi enani lemfucuza, izindlela zokwelashwa ezisetshenzisiwe, kanye nemininingwane yendawo yokulahla. Lolu hlelo lokulandela ngomkhondo lusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho futhi luhlinzeka ngezindlela zokuziphendulela.

Ukuqapha Nokuhlola

1. Ukuhlola Okuvamile: Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezindawo zokugcina i-sodium cyanide, imishini yokuphatha, nezinqubo zokukhiqiza kufanele zenziwe. Lokhu kuhlola kungenziwa ngamathimba okuphepha angaphakathi noma izinhlangano ezilawulayo zangaphandle. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, zonke izici zokuphepha, okuhlanganisa ubuqotho beziqukathi zokugcina, ukusebenza kwemishini yokuphepha, kanye nokuhambisana nezinqubo zokusebenza, kufanele zihlolwe ngokuphelele.

2. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo: Faka izinhlelo zokuqapha eziqhubekayo ze-sodium cyanide. Lokhu kungafaka izinzwa zegesi ukuthola noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide emoyeni nezinzwa zoketshezi ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza emathangeni okugcina noma amapayipi. Idatha evela kulezi zinhlelo zokuqapha kufanele ibuyekezwe njalo, futhi noma yikuphi ukufundwa okungavamile kufanele kubangele uphenyo olusheshayo kanye nesinyathelo sokulungisa.

Sengiphetha, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kumafekthri e-sodium cyanide kudinga indlela enezici eziningi ezihlanganisa ukugcinwa okufanele, ukuphatha ngokucophelela, ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele, ukuhlela okuphumelelayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuphathwa kahle kwemfucuza, nokuqapha nokuhlola okuvamile. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo, izimboni zinganciphisa kakhulu izingozi ezihlobene ne-sodium cyanide futhi zivikele ukuphepha kwabasebenzi babo kanye nemvelo.