Umthelela Wamabanga Ahlukene Ensimbi Ekusetshenzisweni Kwe-Sodium Cyanide Ekusebenzeni Kwezimayini

Emkhakheni wezokuMaya , ikakhulukazi enqubweni yokukhipha igolide lapho i -Cyanidation iyindlela evamile, ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwebanga le-Ore kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe - Sodium Cyanide kubalulekile. I-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ekuncibilikiseni igolide ku-ore MA trix, kodwa inani elidingekayo lingahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi izinga le-ore licutshungulwa kanjani.

Ukuqonda Ibanga le-ore

I-ore grade ibhekisela ekuqongeleleni kwamaminerali abalulekile, njengegolide, ngaphakathi kwe-ore. Ama-ore asezingeni eliphezulu aqukethe inani elikhulu lamaminerali afunwayo, kuyilapho ama-ore asezingeni eliphansi enokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-Ore yeGolide esezingeni eliphezulu ingase iqukathe amagremu amaningana egolide ngethani le-ore, kuyilapho i-ore esezingeni eliphansi ingaba ne-gram engaphansi kweyodwa ngethani.

The Inqubo ye-cyanidation

Inqubo ye -Cyanidation Isebenzisa izixazululo ze -sodium cyanide ukuze isabelane negolide ku-ore. Uma kukhona umoya-mpilo, ama -ion e-cyanide kusisombululo se -Sodium cyanide ahlangana negolide ukuze akhe i -complex encibilikayo . Le Chemical Reaction ivumela igolide ukuthi lihlukaniswe ne-ore matrix, okwenza kube lula ukuyikhipha. Le nqubo isetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba iyasebenza ekukhipheni igolide ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zama-ore.

ImI-PACIbanga le-Ore ku ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide

High - Grade Ores

Ukusetshenziswa Okuphansi Okuhlobene : Uma usebenza nama-ore asezingeni eliphezulu, inani le -Sodium cyanide elidingekayo ngeyunithi ngayinye yamaminerali abalulekile (isb., ngegremu yegolide) livame ukuba phansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kukhona ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwamaminerali aqondiwe kumthamo omncane we-ore. Isibonelo, uma i- Gold Ore esezingeni eliphezulu iqukethe amagremu ayi -10 egolide ngethani, futhi idinga ama-2 kg e- Sodium Cyanide ngethani ngalinye le-ore ukuze i-ACH ithole izinga lokukhipha elisebenzayo , ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sodium cyanide ngegremu ngalinye legolide kungu-0.2 kg. Inani eliphansi kakhulu le-gangue ( amaminerali angewona abalulekile ku-ore) kuma-ore asezingeni eliphezulu lisho ukuthi kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokusabela ezingasebenzisa i-cyanide.

I-Faster Reaction Kinetics : Ama-ore asezingeni eliphezulu avame ukusabela ngokushesha ngesisombululo se -cyanide . Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwamaminerali aqondiwe kunikeza izindawo eziningi zokusabela kwe -Cyanide -gold. Ngenxa yalokho, inqubo yokukhipha ingaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane, okungase futhi kufake isandla ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwe-Cyanide iyonke . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma isisombululo se-cyanide sithintana ne-ore isikhathi eside, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi sidliwe yizimpendulo eziseceleni ezifana ne-hydrolysis noma ukusabela nokunye ukungcola ku-ore.

Low - Grade Ores

Ukusetshenziswa Okuphezulu Okuhlobene : Ama-ore asezingeni eliphansi ngokuvamile adinga inani eliphakeme le -Sodium cyanide ngeyunithi ngayinye yamaminerali abalulekile. Cabanga nge- ore yegolide esezingeni eliphansi equkethe amagremu angu-0.5 kuphela egolide ngethani. Ukuze kufezwe izinga lokukhipha elifanele, kungadinga i-1.5 kg ye -sodium cyanide ngethani ngalinye le-ore. Kulesi simo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sodium cyanide ngegremu ngayinye yegolide kungu-3 kg, okuphakeme kakhulu kunasesibonelweni se-ore esezingeni eliphezulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi kunomthamo omkhulu wamaminerali e-Gangue kuma-ore asezingeni eliphansi. Lawa maminerali e-gangue angasabela ne-cyanide, kungaba ngokwakha ama-complex noma ngokudla i-oxygen esixazululweni, kokubili okwandisa isidingo se-cyanide.

Amazinga Okusabela Okuhamba Kancane : Inqubo yokukhipha ama-ore asezingeni eliphansi ivame ukuhamba kancane. Ukuhlushwa okuphansi kweminerali eqondiwe kusho ukuthi ama-ion e-Cyanide kufanele afune ngevolumu enkulu ye-ore ukuze athole futhi aphendule ngegolide. Lesi sikhathi eside sokuphendula singaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cyanide okwandisiwe ngenxa yokusabela okungekuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, ukuze kulungiswe izinga lokusabela okuhamba kancane, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-cyanide kungasetshenziswa esixazululweni, okwandisa ukusetshenziswa okuphelele.

Ezinye Izinto Ezithintayoting Ubudlelwano

I-Mineralogy ye-Ore : Ukuba khona kwamanye amaminerali ku-ore kungathinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-ore grade ingakanani. amaminerali afana ne -Copper , i-zinc , i-arsenic, kanye ne-antimony angasabela ne-cyanide, akhe ama-complexes azinzile futhi ngaleyo ndlela adle i-cyanide ebingatholakala ukuze ikhishwe iGolide . Isibonelo, amaminerali e-Copper angasabela ne-cyanide ukuze akhe ama-complexes e-copper -cyanide, futhi uma i-ore iqukethe inani elikhulu lethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide kuzokwanda kakhulu, ngisho nakuma- ore eGolide asezingeni eliphezulu.

Usayizi Wezinhlayiya Nendawo Yomphezulu : Usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-ore kanye nendawo yazo yobuso nakho kudlala indima. Ama-ore acwebezelwe kahle anendawo yobuso enkulu, okungathuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwesisombululo se-cyanide nezinhlayiya zegolide. Kodwa-ke, uma i-ore icwebezelwe kakhulu, ingandisa nenani lamaminerali e-gangue avezwa futhi atholakalayo ukuze asabela nge-cyanide. Lesi sici singathinta ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide ngendlela ehlukile kuma-ore aphezulu naphansi, kodwa ngokuvamile, ukulawula kahle usayizi wezinhlayiya kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide.

Isiphetho

Ngamafuphi, izinga le-ore linomthelela omkhulu enanini le- sodium cyanide edingekayo enqubweni ye-cyanidation . Ama-ore asezingeni eliphezulu ngokuvamile adinga i-sodium cyanide encane ngeyunithi ngayinye yamaminerali abalulekile futhi ane-kinetics yokusabela okusheshayo, kuyilapho ama-ore asezingeni eliphansi efuna inani eliphakeme le-cyanide futhi avame ukuba namazinga okusabela aphansi. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izici ezifana ne-mineralogy ye-ore kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya nazo kudingeka zicatshangelwe ngokucophelela lapho kunqunywa ukumba umthamo ofanele we-sodium cyanide emisebenzini yokumba . Ngokuqonda lobu budlelwano, abavukuzi bangakhipha amaminerali abalulekile ngendlela ephumelelayo futhi ebiza kakhulu ngenkathi benciphisa umthelela Wezemvelo ohlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwe -Sodium cyanide.