Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sodium Cyanide Njenge-Copper Depressant Emayini Yethusi-Molybdenum

Isingeniso

Enqubweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokuzuza kwe-copper-molybdenum ore, ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwamaminerali ethusi kanye ne-molybdenum kubalulekile ekukhuliseni inani lezomnotho le-ore. Isodium i-cyanide Sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa njengendlela yokucindezeleka enamandla enqubweni yokuntanta ukuze ivimbele amaminerali ethusi ngokukhetha, okuvumela ukuntanta okukhethekile kwe-molybdenum. Lesi sihloko sicubungula ukusetshenziswa kwe I-sodium cyanide emayini ethile yethusi-molybdenum, ihlola indlela yayo yokusebenza, ukuqaliswa okungokoqobo, kanye nezinselelo nezixazululo ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwayo.

I-Working Mechanism ye-Sodium Cyanide njenge-Depressant

I-sodium cyanide (i-NaCN) iyi-depressant ephumelela kakhulu yamaminerali e-sulfide njenge-chalcopyrite (i-copper ore). Kusistimu ye-flotation, I-Sodium Cyanide ihlukanisa emanzini ukuze ikhiphe i-cyanide ions (CN⁻). Lama ion e-cyanide angasabela ngama-ion ensimbi ebusweni bamaminerali ethusi. Isibonelo, nge-chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), ama-ion e-cyanide angakha izinkimbinkimbi ze-metal-cyanide ezizinzile. Ukusabela kungamelwa kanje:

CuFeS₂ + 4CN⁻ → Cu(CN)₄²⁻ + FeS₂ + 2e⁻

Lokhu kusabela kuhlakaza ngempumelelo ama-ion ethusi ebusweni be-chalcopyrite, kwakheka ungqimba lwe-hydrophilic lwezinkimbinkimbi zethusi-cyanide. Ngenxa yalokho, ingaphezulu leminerali yethusi iba yi-hydrophobic encane, inciphisa ikhono layo lokunamathisela kumabhamuza omoya esitokisini se-flotation. Ngokuphambene, i-molybdenite (i-MoS₂), i-mineral eyinhloko ephethe i-molybdenum, i-inert ngokuqhathaniswa ne-cyanide ion ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokuntanta. I-Molybdenite ine-surface ye-hydrophobic yemvelo ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esinezingqimba, esivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukuntanta kalula umqoqi kanye nama-bubbles emoyeni ohlelweni lokuntanta ngenkathi amaminerali ethusi ecindezelekile. i-sodium cyanide.

Indaba eyisibonelo: Imayini yethusi-Molybdenum

Izici ze-Ore

Imayini yethusi-molybdenum inomzimba we-ore one-mineralogy eyinkimbinkimbi. Amaminerali ethusi ayinhloko yi-chalcopyrite ne-bornite, kuyilapho i-molybdenum ikhona ikakhulukazi njenge-molybdenite. Insimbi ngokuvamile iqukethe isilinganiso esingu-0.8% wethusi kanye no-0.03% we-molybdenum. Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zamaminerali nakho kuhlukene, kunamaminerals acolisekile adala izinselelo zokuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo.

Ukugeleza Kwenqubo Yokuntanta

1.Isiteji Sokuntanta Okuningi

• Esigabeni sokuqala senqubo yokuntanta, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuntanta ngobuningi. Umqoqi ofana ne-sodium isopropyl xanthate yengezwa ku-pulp ye-ore ukuze intante kokubili amaminerali ethusi kanye ne-molybdenum ndawonye. Lokhu kwakha inqwaba ye-copper-molybdenum concentrate. Inhloso yalesi sigaba ukucebisa amaminerali abalulekile avela kumaminerali e-ganggue.

2.Ukuhlukana Isiteji Sokuntanta

• Ngemva kokuntanta ngobuningi, ukugxilwa kwenqwaba kuphinde kucutshungulwe esigabeni sokuhlukanisa sokuntanta. I-sodium cyanide yengezwa ku-pulp kulesi sigaba. Izinga lokwengezwa le-sodium cyanide lilawulwa ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwethusi ku-concentrate yobuningi kanye nomthelela wokuhlukanisa ofunekayo. Ngokuvamile, umthamo usukela ku-300 - 500 amagremu ngethani ngalinye lokugxilwa kwenqwaba.

• I-pulp ibe ifakwe ochungechungeni lwamathangi e-conditioning ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwe-sodium cyanide kanye nokusabela kwayo okuphumelelayo ngamaminerali ethusi. Ngemuva kokulungiswa, i-pulp ingena kumaseli e-flotation. Emangqamuzaneni e-flotation, amaminerali ethusi acindezelekile ashona phansi njengemisila, kuyilapho i-molybdenite intanta phezulu ngosizo lwamabhamuza omoya futhi iqoqwa njenge-molybdenum concentrate.

3.Molybdenum Cleaning Izigaba

• I-molybdenum concentrate etholwe ku-flotation yokuhlukanisa iphinde icutshungulwe ngezigaba eziningi zokuhlanza i-flotation. Kulezi zigaba zokuhlanza, ama-reagents engeziwe angase afakwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlanzeka kwe-molybdenum concentrate. Imisila esuka ezigabeni zokuhlanza ivamise ukugaywa kabusha ibuyele endaweni efanele ekuhlukaniseni noma enqubweni yokuntanta ngobuningi ukuze kukhuliswe ukutholwa kwamaminerali abalulekile.

Imiphumela yeMetallurgical

1.Molybdenum Recovery kanye neBanga

• Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwenqubo yokuhlukanisa esekwe kwi-sodium cyanide, ukutholakala kwe-molybdenum emayini kwakucishe kube ngama-60% nebanga lokugxilisa ingqondo le-molybdenum cishe elingama-40%. Ngemuva kokulungiswa ngokucophelela komthamo we-sodium cyanide kanye nemingcele yenqubo, ukululama kwe-molybdenum kukhuphuke kwaba ngaphezu kwama-75%. Izinga le-molybdenum concentrate nalo lithuthukisiwe lafika ku-45% noma ngaphezulu ezimweni eziningi.

2.I-Copper Depressing Effect

• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuye kwacindezela ngempumelelo amaminerali ethusi. Okuqukethwe kwethusi ku-concentrate yokugcina ye-molybdenum yehlisiwe isuka cishe ku-5% yaya ngaphansi kuka-2%. Lokhu kuncipha okuphawulekayo kokuqukethwe kwethusi ku-molybdenum concentrate akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo we-molybdenum kodwa futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokuqhubeka nokucwengisiswa kwe-molybdenum concentrate enqubweni yokuncibilikisa.

Izinselelo Nezixazululo Ekusebenziseni I-Sodium Cyanide

Ukukhathazeka Kwemvelo Nokuphepha

1.Ubuthi beSodium Cyanide

• I-sodium cyanide inobuthi obukhulu. Noma yikuphi ukuvuza noma ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanele ngesikhathi sokumba kanye nenqubo yokuhlomula kungaba yingozi enkulu emvelweni nempilo yabantu. Uma kuvuza ngengozi, ama-ion e-cyanide angangena ngokushesha emhlabathini nasemithonjeni yamanzi, abangele ukungcola futhi abeke engozini impilo yasemanzini nezitshalo.

2.Izixazululo

• Amaphrothokholi Okuphepha Aqinile: Imayini isebenzise imithetho eqinile yokuphepha yokugcina, ukuthutha, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Izikhungo ezikhethekile zokugcina ezinamathangi anezindonga eziphindwe kabili kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola ukuvuza zisetshenziselwa ukugcina i-sodium cyanide. Bonke abasebenzi abathintekayo ekuphatheni i-sodium cyanide kudingeka baqeqeshelwe ukuphepha njalo, okuhlanganisa nezinqubo zokusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo uma kwenzeka kuvuza.

• Ukwelashwa Kwezinsalela Namanzi Angcolile: Imayini ifake izinhlelo zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ezithuthukisiwe. Ngemva kwenqubo yokuntanta, imisele namanzi amdaka aqukethe i-sodium cyanide esele ayaphathwa ukuze kususwe noma kukhishwe ubuthi ku-cyanide. Enye indlela evamile ukusebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide noma i-hypochlorite ukuze kufakwe ama-ion e-cyanide abe amafomu angenabo ubuthi njenge-cyanate (CNO⁻) noma i-nitrogen kanye I-Carbon i-dioxide. Amanzi angcolile alungisiwe abe eseqashwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-cyanide kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwemvelo ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe.

Izinselele Zokuthuthukisa Inqubo

1.Ukuhlukahluka Kwekhwalithi Yensimbi

• Izinga le-ore emayini yethusi - i-molybdenum ingahluka kakhulu. Amaqoqo e-ore ahlukene angase abe ne-copper ehlukene - izilinganiso ze-molybdenum, ukwakheka kwe-mineralogical, nokusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kungathinta ukusebenza kahle kwe-sodium cyanide njenge-depressant. Isibonelo, kuma-ores anengxenye ephezulu yamaminerali ethusi acolile, kungase kudingeke i-sodium cyanide eyengeziwe ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elifanayo lokudangala kwethusi.

2.Izixazululo

• Real - Time Ore Analysis: Imayini itshale imali kumishini yokuhlaziya ethuthukisiwe ukuze yenze ukuhlaziya kwesikhathi sangempela kwensimbi engenayo. I-X - ray fluorescence (XRF) kanye ne-laser - induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) zisetshenziselwa ukunquma ngokushesha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlaziya, umthamo we-sodium cyanide namanye ama-reagents angashintshwa ngesikhathi.

• Imodeli - Ukulawulwa Kwenqubo Esekelwe: Imodeli yezibalo yakhiwe ukuze ibikezele isilinganiso esiphezulu se-sodium cyanide kanye nemingcele yokucubungula ngokusekelwe ezicini ze-ore. Imodeli ibheka izici ezifana ne-copper - molybdenum ratio, ukwakheka kwe-mineralogical, nosayizi wezinhlayiyana. Lolu hlelo lokulawula inqubo olusekelwe kumodeli luvumela ukulawula okunembe kakhudlwana kwenqubo yokuntanta, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kwethusi - i-molybdenum ngisho nalapho kubhekene nokuhlukahluka kwekhwalithi ye-ore.

Isiphetho

ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide njenge-a I-Copper depressant enqubweni ye-flotation ibonakale iphumelela ekufezeni ukuhlukaniswa kwamaminerali ethusi kanye ne-molybdenum. Ngokulawula ngokucophelela umthamo we-sodium cyanide, ukwenziwa kahle kokugeleza kwenqubo yokuntanta, kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinyathelo eziqinile zezemvelo nezokuphepha, imayini ikwazile ukwenza ngcono ukutholwa kanye nebanga lokugxila kwe-molybdenum ngenkathi icindezela ngempumelelo amaminerali ethusi. Kodwa-ke, izinselele ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, njengokukhathazeka kwemvelo nokuphepha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo lapho kubhekene nokuhlukahluka kwekhwalithi ye-ore, kudinga ukunakwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqaliswa kwezixazululo ezifanele. Njengoba imboni yezimayini iphokophele ezenzweni ezisimeme futhi ezisebenza kahle, ucwaningo olwengeziwe nokuthuthukiswa kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe ezinye izinto ezicindezelayo noma ukuthuthukisa inqubo ekhona esekelwe kwi-sodium cyanide ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wayo kwezemvelo kuyilapho kugcinwa ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-metallurgical.