Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe Zokugxusha, Ukuhlanganisa kanye Nokufafaza Kunqubo Yokuvuza Inqwaba Yegolide

Inqubo yokukhipha inqwaba yegolide ihilela ukufaka izinsimbi zegolide ezisezingeni eliphansi noma umsila we-flotation ezintweni eziyisisekelo bese ufafaza isixazululo se -Sodium cyanide ngokujikeleza ukuze kuncibilikiswe igolide ku-ore bese uyibuyisela esixazululweni esikhulelwe. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokukhipha insimbi, ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwensimbi (ukuchoboza noma ukuhlanganisa insimbi), ukufaka inqwaba, ukufaka inqwaba yensimbi, ukubuyisa igolide esixazululweni esikhulelwe, kanye nokubulala amagciwane kanye nokuthulula inqwaba yensimbi engcolile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha insimbi, kudingeka kulawulwe imingcele eminingi ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle yokuzuza. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokufaka inqwaba, ukufaka inqwaba kanye nokufutha.

1. I-granulation

Ukuze inqubo yokukhipha inqwaba yegolide iphumelele, izinto zokukhipha inqwaba kumele zibe nokuvuleka okuhle ukuze isixazululo se -cyanide sidlule ngokulinganayo enqwabeni yensimbi. Iningi lama-ore lidinga ukuchotshozwa libe ngu-25.4mm noma libe lincane ngaphambi kokukhipha inqwaba ukuze kuvezwe igolide eliqukethwe enqwabeni futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lokubuyisa igolide.

Ngesikhathi sokuxuba, inani likalamula elisetshenziswayo kumele lifinyelele inani le-pH eliphakathi kuka-9.5 - 10.5. Ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu we-ore (enokuqukethwe kwamanzi okungaphezu kuka-10%) kanye nokungcola okuningi ku-ore, ukugcwala kwe- Sodium Cyanide kufanele kwandiswe ngesikhathi sokuxuba. Ukugcwala kwe -sodium cyanide kulawulwa cishe ngamagremu angu-60 - 150 ngethani le-ore yegolide. Ukuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphelele kwama-granules ngokuvamile akufanele kudlule u-30%, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-granules athambekele ekukhululekeni nasekuthambekeni. Isikhathi sokupholisa kufanele sibe ngaphezu kwamahora angu-72. Uma lina ngesikhathi sokuxuba, okusanhlamvu kumele kuhlanganiswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahleka kwegolide.

2. Ukucwecwa

Indawo yokulethela inqwaba yegolide ingasethwa endaweni eyehlelayo, esigodini noma endaweni eyisicaba. Kodwa-ke, endaweni eyisicaba, i-slope engu-3% - 5% iyadingeka. Ukuphakama kwenqwaba ye-ore akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu ekuqaleni, okungcono amamitha angu-3 - 4, futhi kungandiswa ngemva kokuzinza kwezinga le-leaching.

Ngemva kokuhlanza nokulinganisa umhlabathi, kudingeka ukwelashwa okungangeni amanzi. Ukuze kuvikelwe inqwaba yetshe, kufanele kubekwe imisele yokukhipha amanzi ezikhukhuleni izungeze indawo yokuphuma kwamanzi. Ingqimba yomqamelo yendawo yokuphuma kwamanzi ingabekwa ubukhulu obungaba ngu-0.5m esisekelweni esihlanganisiwe, bese kuthi isixazululo se-sodium Carbon esifuthwe kuso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo kokungangeni amanzi.

3. Ukufafaza

3.1 Futha Ukugxila

Izinhlayiya ze-agglomerated ore emva kwe-granulation akufanele zigezwe futhi. Inani le-pH kufanele lilungiswe ngenqubo ye-granulation. Ngenxa yokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-ores egolide, ukugcwala kwe-sodium cyanide ngesikhathi sokufafaza kokuqala kungakhuphuka ngokufanelekile. Ingalawulwa ku-0.1% - 0.08% ngesikhathi esiphezulu (lapho ukugxila kwegolide kuphezulu kakhulu), bese kungehliswa ku-0.08% - 0.06%. Esigabeni sakamuva, singancishiswa sibe ngu-0.04% - 0.02%. Ukuhlushwa kwe-sodium cyanide kungalungiswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwegolide kusixazululo esikhulelwe.

3.2 Umjikelezo Wokufutha

Isikhathi sokufafaza ngokuvamile amahora angama-7 - 8 ngosuku, futhi akufanele sidlule amahora ayi-10 (kodwa umthamo kufanele uncishiswe). Ngokuvamile, ifafazwa ihora elingu-1 futhi ime ihora elingu-1 noma ifafaze ihora elingu-1 bese ima amahora angu-2. Isikhathi sokufafaza akufanele sibe side kakhulu, ukuze inqwaba ye-ore ikwazi ukuphefumula umoya-mpilo uma ingafafazi. Uma isikhathi sokufafaza siside futhi imvamisa iphezulu, izokwandisa umthamo wesisombululo, inciphise ukugcwala kotshwala kamama, futhi ichithe i-sodium cyanide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzokwandisa umthamo wotshwala kamama futhi kuthinte umthamo we-adsorption wekhabhoni elayishwe igolide.

3.3 Ukuqina Kwesifutho

Ukuqina kokufutha kuhlobene nesikhathi sokufutha kanye nenani lokufutha. Ngokuvamile, ukuqina kokufutha kufanele kulawulwe ku-6 - 20L/m2•h (6 - 20L/m2×hora), futhi okungenani akufanele kudlule ku-25 - 30L/m2•h (okungabalwa ngokuya ngendawo yendawo yokuphuma, inani lokufutha lansuku zonke nesikhathi). Uma ukuqina kokufutha kuphezulu, kuzokwandisa ivolumu yesisombululo esikhulelwe, kunciphise ukugcwala kwegolide, futhi kuthinte amandla okufutha e- Activated Carbon (ngokuvamile, amandla okufutha e-activated carbon angu-8 - 10kg/t). Uma ivolumu yesisombululo esikhulelwe inkulu, ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esifanayo sokufutha, ngenxa yokugcwala kwegolide okuphansi, inani lokufutha lizoncipha futhi isikhathi sokufutha sizokwelulwa, okuzophinde kwandise umthwalo womsebenzi kanye nezindleko zesistimu yokufutha kanye ne-electrolysis. Ngakho-ke, inani lokufutha akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu futhi imvamisa yokufutha akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu.

Sengiphetha, lokhu okungenhla kuyizidingo zobuchwepheshe zokuhlanganisa imbudumbudu, ukunqwabelanisa kanye nokufafaza enqubweni yegolide yokuleaching. Indlela yokukhishwa kwenqwaba yegolide isetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yenqubo yayo elula, imishini embalwa kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Emkhiqizweni wangempela, abanikazi bezimayini kufanele banake ukulawula imingcele yesixhumanisi ngasinye ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela emihle yokuleaching.