Izinqubo Ezintathu Ezivamile Zokuvuzwa Kwegolide

In the Leaching Process wezinto zokwakha, ngokususelwa kumehluko wezinkomba zokugeleza kwezinto eziboshiwe kanye nama-reagents aleaching, izinqubo ezintathu zokukhipha amanzi zingabonakala.

1. I-Co-current Leaching

Ngokucwiliswa ngokuhlanganyela kwamanje, izinto eziboshiwe kanye nama-reagents agelezayo ageleza ngendlela efanayo (Umfanekiso 1). Le ndlela ingaveza i-leachate enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwezingxenye ezihlosiwe futhi idinga ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kwama-reagents akhishwayo. Nokho, ijubane layo le-leaching lihamba kancane. Kudingeka isikhathi eside sokukhipha amanzi ukuze kuzuzwe izinga eliphezulu le-leaching.

2. Cross - Leaching yamanje

Ekungeneni kwe-cross-leaching yamanje, izinto eziboshiwe zihlukaniswa ngokuhlukana nezingxenye ezimbalwa zama-reagents ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. I-leachate etholakala ekusebenzeni kwe-leaching ngayinye ithunyelwa ngokufanayo ukuze icutshungulwe okulandelayo (Umfanekiso 2). I-Cross - i-leaching yamanje ifaka isivinini esisheshayo sokukhipha kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokukhipha amanzi, okuholela ezingeni eliphezulu le-leaching. Noma kunjalo, umthamo we-leachate mkhulu, nokugxila okuphezulu kwama-reagents asele. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-reagents kukhulu, futhi okuqukethwe kwezingxenye ezihlosiwe ku-leachate kuphansi kakhulu.

3. I-Counter - Leaching yamanje

Uma kuqhathaniswa - ukucwiliswa kwamanje, izinto eziboshiwe kanye nama-reagents agelezayo ahamba ngendlela ehlukile. Okusho ukuthi, izinto eziphelile ngemva kokusebenza okuningana kokucwilisa zihlangana ne-leachate entsha, kuyilapho izinto zokuqala ezicwilisiwe zithintana ne-leachate (Umfanekiso 3). I-Counter - ukukhishwa kwamanje kungakhiqiza i-leachate enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezingxenye ezihlosiwe futhi kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele ama-reagents asele ku-leachate, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti agelezayo. Kodwa-ke, ijubane layo le-leaching liphansi kunele-cross - current leaching. Kudingeka inani elikhulu lezigaba ze-leaching ukuze kutholwe izinga eliphezulu le-leaching.

I-percolation tank leaching ingase isebenzise izinqubo zamanje zokugezela, zamanje, eziphambene - zamanje, noma eziphikisayo. I-Heap leaching kanye ne-in-situ leaching ngokuvamile zisebenzisa inqubo yamanje ye-cyclic leaching. I-leaching eqhubekayo enyakaziswayo ngokuvamile isebenzisa inqubo yamanje yokucwilisa. Uma kufanele kusetshenziswe ukukhishwa kwe-cross - current noma counter - current, imisebenzi yokuhlukanisa uketshezi oluqinile kufanele yengezwe phakathi kwesigaba ngasinye. I-Batch - leaching eqhutshwayo eqhutshwa ngokujwayelekile ihambisana nokucwiliswa kwamanzi, kodwa i-cross - current noma i-counter - leaching yamanje nayo ingasetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukaniswa okuqinile - okuwuketshezi kuyadingeka ngemva kokusebenza kwe-leaching ngakunye, okwenza ukusebenza kube nzima futhi kungasetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. I-percolation leaching ingathola ngokuqondile i-leachate ecacile, kuyilapho udaka oluvela ekucwilisweni okunyakazisiwe kufanele ludlulele okuqinile - ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi ukuze kutholakale i-leachate ecacile noma i-dilute slurry equkethe inani elincane lezinhlayiya ze-ore ukuze zicutshungulwe ngokulandelayo.