Ukuqonda Izitayela Zemakethe Ye-Sodium Cyanide Esifundeni Sase-Afrika

Ukwenyuka Kwesidingo Emisebenzini Yezimayini Zegolide

The izimayini zegolide imboni ibilokhu ingumshayeli omkhulu wesidingo i-sodium cyanide e-Afrika. I-Afrika kancane kancane iba isikhungo esibalulekile semisebenzi yezimayini emhlabeni jikelele. Enqubweni yamakhemikhali ye ukukhishwa kwegolide, I-Sodium Cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ngokusebenzisa inqubo leaching. Kule nqubo, insimbi igaywa ibe yimpushana ecolekile bese iphathwa nge- I-sodium cyanide isisombululo sokwenza amanzi - izinhlanganisela zegolide ezincibilikayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokukhipha, le nqubo ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho, ukusebenza kalula, nokusimama kwemvelo. Ngo-2021. imboni yezimayini zegolide e-Afrika yabonisa amandla aqinile, ngokukhiqizwa kwegolide kwamathani angama-680.3 metric. Phakathi kwazo, iGhana ibe ngowesibili - umthengisi omkhulu wegolide e-Afrika ngo-2022. ngokukhiqizwa okungaba ngamathani angama-metric angama-90.

INtshonalanga Afrika isiphenduke indawo ephambili yokuhlola igolide. Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lezimbiwa zayo zisazothuthukiswa, isihehe inani elikhulu lokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwengqalasizinda yezimayini kulesi sifunda kubonakala ngephothifoliyo yayo emangalisayo yempahla yegolide, okuhlanganisa amaphrojekthi angama-367 asesigabeni sokuhlola, izimpahla ezingama-24 ngaphansi kokuhlolwa komnotho, kanye nezimpahla ezingama-61 ezigabeni zokukhiqiza noma zokwakha. Imisebenzi yezimayini emikhulu efana neSouth Deep gold mine, iKromdraai gold mine, kanye neMponeng gold mine eNingizimu Afrika iqhubezela phambili isidingo sesodium. i-cyanide ezinqubweni zabo zokukhipha. Ukuba khona kwezinkampani eziningi zezimayini zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemiklamo emisha yezimayini kuqhubekisela phambili ukuqinisa umbono wezidingo zama-reagents ezimayini embonini yezimayini zegolide kulesi sifunda.

Ukwandisa Isidingo Sokusetshenziswa Ku-Chemical and Polymer Synthesis

Imboni yamakhemikhali ingumthombo obalulekile wokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Afrika, lapho imboni yamakhemikhali ithatha cishe ama-25% okuthengiswa kwezwe. I-sodium cyanide (i-NaCN) inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwama-polymers, i-cyanuric chloride, ne-cyanogen chloride. Ingqalasizinda yezimboni eqinile yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nesikhundla sayo njengenye yezindawo ezinkulu zemboni yamakhemikhali e-Afrika inikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali. Imithombo yezinto ezingavuthiwe eningi kanye nokwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kudala ngokuqhubekayo inani elikhulu lamathuba okukhula embonini yamakhemikhali kuleli zwe.

Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwemboni yokukhiqiza amapulasitiki e-Afrika kuqhubekela phambili kukhuthaza isidingo se-sodium cyanide ekuhlanganiseni kwe-polymer nezinye izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. Imboni yamakhemikhali, njengengxenye ebalulekile ekhuphuka nomfula yazo zombili izimboni zezimayini nezolimo, yakha isisekelo sesidingo esihlukene samakhemikhali okucubungula igolide. Abakhiqizi bamakhemikhali abakhulu njenge-Sasol, esebenza ngezikhungo zokukhiqiza i-sodium cyanide ngokuhambisana ne-International Cyanide Management Code, bahlangabezana ngokuqhubekayo nesidingo esikhulayo sokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemboni yamakhemikhali nezinye izingxenye zezimboni, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kukadayi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-agrochemical, kuqhubezela phambili ukuqhubeza ukusetshenziswa kwama-reagents ezimayini ekusetshenzisweni kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi emkhakheni wokuhlinzeka nge-sodium cyanide yomhlaba wonke, uShaanxi United Chemical ugqama njengomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili nabaphakeli be-sodium cyanide. Le nkampani ifakwe izimboni eziqeqeshiwe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili, nezinhlelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi, futhi iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo ye-sodium cyanide esezingeni eliphezulu futhi ethengekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imboni yezimayini zegolide noma amasimu amakhemikhali kanye ne-polymer synthesis, i-Shaanxi United Chemical ingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende ahlukahlukene ngemikhiqizo yayo yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene.