Ucwaningo Lwezobuchwepheshe Begolide Lokuqala lugxile ngaphambi kweCyanide Leaching

Ukukhishwa kwe-Cyanide Igolide Ligxile kuyinqubo yakudala yokukhipha igolide. Nokho, ngenxa yemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-ores, Ukuqunjelwa ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-leaching. Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa ngokuhlelekile ngobuchwepheshe bokwelapha ngaphambilini I-Cyanide Leaching, okuhloswe ngayo ukuhlinzeka ngereferensi yokukhiqiza okungokoqobo.

I. Physical Pretreatment Technologies

1. Ukugaya Kahle

I-concentrate yegolide igaywa ibe yi-325 mesh noma icoliseke ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifana nezigayo zamabhola ukuze zihlukanise ngokuphelele amaminerali egolide avela ku-gange. Umkhuba wezimayini ezithile zegolide ubonisa ukuthi ukugaya kahle kungakhuphula indawo yokuchayeka kwegolide ngo-40%, futhi izinga le-leaching lingakhuphuka ngo-8-12%.

2. Ukuhlola kanye Nokususwa Kokungcola

Izisetshenziswa ezifana nezikrini ezidlidlizayo ezilandelanayo zisetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola okunjengamapulangwe okhuni nezingcezu zepulasitiki. Icala lesicelo ku-concentrator ethile libonisa ukuthi ngemva kokuhlolwa, imvamisa yokuvinjwa kwemishini yehla ngo-70%, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-adsorption. i-cyanide yehliswe ngo-5%.

3. Ukususwa kwe-Flotation Reagent

Ngokugxila kwe-flotation, inqubo yezigaba ezimbili "yokugaya kabusha - ukususwa kwe-reagent" iyamukelwa ukuze isuse ngokuphumelelayo ama-reagents e-flotation afana ne-xanthate ne-No. Idatha yezimboni ibonisa ukuthi ngemva kokususwa kwe-reagent, ukusetshenziswa kwe I-Sodium Cyanide iyancipha ngo-35%, futhi izinga le-adsorption ye-activated carbon likhuphuka ngo-15%.

II. Chemical Pretreatment Technologies

1. Ukwelashwa Kwe-alkaline

I-Lime yengezwa ukulungisa i-pH ibe ngu-10-11. ukuze izakhi eziyingozi njenge-zinc, i-arsenic, ne-antimony zakhe usawoti oncibilikayo. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo emayini yegolide ethile equkethe i-arsenic, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide kuncishisiwe kusuka ku-12 kg / t kuya ku-6.5 kg / t, futhi izinga le-leaching likhuphuka ngo-9%.

2. Ukwelashwa Kwe-Oxidation

• I-Air Oxidation

Ngokufaka umoya nokunyakazisa ukuze kufakwe i-oxidize izinto ezinciphisayo, emayini yegolide yohlobo oluthile lwe-pyrrhotite, ngemva kokwelashwa kusengaphambili, amandla e-pulp ayanda ukusuka ku--150 mV kuya ku-+200 mV, futhi isikhathi se-cyanidation sifinyezwa ngo-40%.

• Ukwengezwa kwama-Oxidants

Uma umthamo we-nitrate yomthofu ungu-0.5 kg / t, ukugxila kwe-sulfide ions kungancishiswa ngo-60%, futhi izinga lokuvuza lenyuka ngo-7%. Ensimbini ethile yethusi-yegolide, ukusetshenziswa kwe i-sodium cyanide iyancipha ngo-40% ngemva kokwelashwa kusengaphambili nge-hydrogen peroxide.

3. I-Synergistic Leaching with Ammonia-Cyanide

Amanzi e-ammonia (ene-concentration ye-1-3%) yengezwa ekugxilweni kwegolide okuqukethe ithusi ukuze kwakheke i-ammonia complexes eqinile yethusi. Ukuhlolwa kwezimboni kukhombisa ukuthi izinga le-copper leaching lingalawuleka libe ngaphansi kuka-5%, kanti izinga legolide lenyuka ngo-12%.

III. I-Biological Pretreatment Technologies

Ama-microorganisms afana ne-Thiobacillus ferrooxidans asetshenziselwa ukubola amaminerali e-sulfide. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 ze-biological oxidation emayini yegolide ephikisayo, izinga lokubola kwe-pyrite lifinyelela ku-92%, futhi izinga lokucwiliswa kwegolide liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-35% laya ku-88%. Lobu buchwepheshe bunenzuzo yobungane bemvelo, kodwa isikhathi sokwelashwa side (izinsuku ezingu-15-30).

IV. Iziphakamiso Zokukhetha Inqubo

Inqubo yokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi idinga ukukhethwa ngokucophelela ngokuya ngohlobo lwensimbi:

• Kuma-ores anesulfure ephezulu nokuqukethwe kwe-arsenic ephezulu, i-biological oxidation noma ukuthoswa okuthosiwe kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokukhethekile.

• Ngokugxila kwegolide okunethusi, kunconywa uhlelo lwe-ammonia-cyanide.

• Ngokugxila kwe-flotation, ukwelashwa kokususwa kwe-reagent kudinga ukuqiniswa.

• Kuma-ores ajwayelekile, inqubo ehlanganisiwe yokukhipha i-alkaline kanye nokwengezwa kwe-oxidant kungamukelwa.

Isiphetho:

Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu umphumela we-cyanide leaching. Ngokuzayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqhutshekwe kufundwe izinqubo zokwelashwa ezihlangene ezisebenza kahle nezingabizi kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kohlaza kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha igolide.