I-Sodium Cyanide kunqubo yokuLeaching ye-Arsenic-Bearing Ores

Emkhakheni wokucubungula amaminerali, ukukhipha izinsimbi eziyigugu kuma-ore kuvame ukuletha izinselele ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekene nama-ore ayinkimbinkimbi njengalawo aqukethe i-arsenic. Ama-ore ane-arsenic ayinkinga ngenxa ye-mineralology yawo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezingozi zemvelo nezempilo ezingaba khona ezihlobene ne-arsenic. I-Cyanidation, inqubo esebenzisa i-sodium cyanide , ibilokhu iyindlela yendabuko futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi yokukhipha igolide kuma-ore anjalo. Lokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi kuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwe -Sodium Cyanide enqubweni yokukhipha ama-ore ane-arsenic, kucwaninga ngezimiso zayo, izinselele, kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemvelo.

Ubunzima be-Arsenic-Bearing Ores

Ekumbeni igolide, amadiphozithi e-hydrothermal avame ukutholakala lapho ukumbiwa kwegolide kuhlotshaniswa nama-sulfide kanye nama-compound ezinsimbi eziyisisekelo, i-arsenic, i-antimony, noma i-tellurium. Lolu hlobo lokumbiwa kwegolide lwenza kube nzima ukuthola igolide kusetshenziswa amasu avamile njengokuhlanganiswa, ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi, noma i-cyanidation eqondile . I-Arsenic, ikakhulukazi, ingaba nomthelela omubi enqubweni yokukhuculula i-cyanide . Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuthosa nokukhuculula i-cyanide ye-gold concentrate, i-arsenic iyisici esiyinhloko esithonya izinga lokukhuculula i-cyanide yegolide nesiliva. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-arsenic ku-gold concentrate kukhuphuka, izinga lokukhipha igolide nesiliva kusetshenziswa i-Sodium cyanide liyancipha kancane kancane.

Izimiso zeCyanide Leaching ngeSodium Cyanide

Inqubo ye-cyanide leaching ene-sodium cyanide incike ekhonweni lama-ion e-cyanide ukwenza izakhiwo ezizinzile ngegolide. Esimweni se-arsenic-bearing ores, ukuba khona kwamaminerali e-arsenic kwenza le nqubo ibe nzima. I-Arsenopyrite, i-arsenic-bearing mineral evamile kuma-ore egolide, ingasabela nge-cyanide nomoya-mpilo. Lapho i-arsenopyrite ifakwe i-oxidized endaweni ene-alkaline, ikhiqiza izinto ezingasuswa endaweni yokusabela ngokuyaluza. Kodwa-ke, i-oxidation futhi yakha into engase idale ungqimba phezu kwe-arsenopyrite engaphenduliwe, evimbela inqubo yokukhishwa.

Ukucatshangelwa kuNqubo yokuLeaching

Ukuqunjelwa

Ngenxa yezinselele ezivezwa ama-arsenic-bearing ores, ukwelashwa kusengaphambili kuvame ukudingeka. Ukugazinga kwakuyindlela evamile yokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa e-United States, ukuwoswa kwamaminerali ane-arsenic njenge-arsenopyrite akusamukeleki ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yezemvelo mayelana nokukhishwa kwe-arsenic. Esikhundleni salokho, ezinye izinqubo ze-hydrometallurgical, ezifana ne-pressure oxidation, i-biological oxidation, ne-chemical oxidation, ziyahlolwa.

I-Leaching Conditions

Izimo zokuvuza, okuhlanganisa i-pH, izinga lokushisa, ukugxila kwe-cyanide, nokuyaluza, zibalulekile. Ukusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwegolide ne-cyanide ngokuvamile kwenzeka phakathi kwebanga le-pH lika-9 - 12. futhi ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi i-pH engaba ngu-11 ivamise ukuba ilungele uhlelo lwe-cyanidation. Izinga lokushisa lithinta izinga lokusabela, futhi kwezinye izinqubo ezivelayo zokwelapha i-arsenopyrite enegolide, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu angasetshenziswa. Ukuhlushwa kwe-cyanide kufanele kulawulwe ngokucophelela; ukugxila okuphezulu kungase kwenyuse izinga lokuvuza kodwa futhi kubangele ubungozi obukhulu bemvelo nokuphepha.

Usayizi wezinhlayiyana

Usayizi wezinhlayiyana zesampula ye-ore nawo uthinta izinga lokuvuza. Ngokujwayelekile, osayizi bezinhlayiyana abacoleke kakhulu baholela kumazinga aphezulu egolide wokucwiliswa njengoba benikeza indawo enkulu yokusabela. Nokho, ukuzuza osayizi bezinhlayiyana abacoleke kakhulu kungase kudinge amandla engeziwe nezinyathelo zokucubungula.

Ukukhathazeka Kwemvelo Nokuphepha

I-Cyanide iwubuthi obuphezulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo embonini yezimayini kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwemvelo nokuphepha. I-sodium cyanide waste liquid ingabangela amazinga ahlukene okungcoliswa kwemvelo. Uma kwenzeka kuchitheka i-cyanide, ingangcolisa inhlabathi, imithombo yamanzi futhi ilimaze izilwane zasendle. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile zisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokugcinwa, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Kufanele igcinwe endaweni engenawo umoya futhi eyomile, okungcono endaweni yokugcina impahla ekhethekile noma iKhabhinethi enezikhiya ezimbili. Ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokugcina, futhi izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama wendawo yokugcina kufanele kulawulwe.

Okunye Okungenziwa kanye Nemibono Yekusasa

Uma kubhekwa izinselele nobungozi obuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide, kunentshisekelo ekhulayo yokuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela zokukhipha igolide kuma-ore ane-arsenic. Ama-non-cyanide leaching agents, afana ne-thiosulfate, i-thiourea, namanye ama-organic reagents angangeni kwemvelo, ayaphenywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinqubo zokumba ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukutholakala kwegolide ezinsimbini ezine-arsenic kuyilapho kuncishiswa imithelela yemvelo.

Ekuphetheni, yize i-sodium cyanide isalokhu iyi-reagent ebalulekile ekukhishweni kwe-ore ephethe i-arsenic ukuze kukhishwe igolide , imboni iyaqhubeka nokushintsha ukuze ibhekane nezinselele ezihambisana nayo. Ngokuqonda ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi enkambisweni yokukhishwa kwe-ore, ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha nezemvelo, kanye nokuhlola ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile, imboni yezimayini ingalwela izindlela zokukhishwa ezisimeme nezisebenzayo.