Izicelo Nokubaluleka Kwe-Sodium Cyanide Ekucutshungulweni Kwezimbiwa

Sodium i-cyanide, inhlanganisela ye-inorganic, idlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lwe-cyanidation ngaphakathi kwemboni yezimayini zegolide. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlukene futhi kubalulekile ekukhishweni kwezinsimbi eziyigugu ezinsimbini ezinsimbi.

I-Gold Ore Leaching

Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko I-sodium cyanide isendaweni yokucwiliswa kwezinsimbi zegolide. Kule nqubo, insimbi yegolide, ngemva kokuchotshozwa futhi igaywe ibe yizinhlayiya ezinhle, ihlanganiswa nesisombululo esinamanzi esiqukethe. I-Sodium Cyanide. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kwenzeka phakathi i-sodium cyanide kanye negolide ensimbi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-ion egolide e-cyanide, abese encibilika esixazululo. Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi Ukukhishwa kwe-Cyanide, kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile nesibalulekile ekuzuzweni kwetshe legolide. Isibalo samakhemikhali sokusabela phakathi kwegolide, i-oxygen, ne-sodium cyanide kusisombululo esinamanzi singenziwa lula njengokuthi: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂] + 4NaOH. Lokhu kusabela kuvumela igolide, elivame ukuba khona ekugxilweni okuphansi kwensimbi, ukuba lihlakazwe ngempumelelo futhi lihlukaniswe kwamanye amaminerali.

Ukukhishwa Kwegolide

Ngemva kwenqubo yokucwiliswa kwe-cyanide, ikhambi eliqukethe igolide elincibilikisiwe liyaqoqwa futhi libe ngaphansi kokwelashwa okwengeziwe ukuze kuncishiswe igolide. I-sodium cyanide isebenza njenge-precipitant kulesi sigaba. Ihlangana nama-ion egolide e-chloride esixazululweni ukwenza izingxube zegolide ze-cyanide. Kamuva, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze kukhishwe igolide kulezi zakhiwo. Enye indlela evamile ukusetshenziswa kothuli lwe-zinc noma ezinye izinto zokunciphisa. I-Zinc isusa igolide endaweni yegolide ye-cyanide, okuholela ekunameni kwegolide lensimbi. Ukusabela kungase kuvezwe njengokuthi: 2Na[Au(CN)₂] + Zn → 2Au + Na₂[Zn(CN)₄]. Le nqubo inika amandla ukutholwa kwegolide elicwengekile eliphakeme kusuka kusixazululo se-leach.

Leaching of Other Metal Ores

Ngaphandle kwegolide, i-sodium cyanide iphinde ithole ukusebenza ekulethweni kwezinye izinsimbi zensimbi. Isibonelo, endabeni yensimbi yesiliva, ngemva kokucwiliswa kwe-cyanide, i-sodium cyanide ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokukhipha ukuze kuncishiswe isiliva esixazululweni. Kufana ne- Ukukhishwa kwegoliden inqubo, isiliva yakha i-cyanide complexes phambi kwe-sodium cyanide. Ukusabela phakathi kwesiliva, i-sodium cyanide, nomoya-mpilo kusisombululo esinamanzi kufana nalokho kwegolide: 4Ag + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4Na[Ag(CN)₂] + 4NaOH. Lezi zinkimbinkimbi zesiliva ze-cyanide zingase ziphinde zicutshungulwe ukuze kutholwe isiliva lensimbi.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide iyikhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu Ukucutshungulwa kwamaminerali imboni, ikakhulukazi ekukhishweni kwezinsimbi eziyigugu njengegolide nesiliva. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yesimo sayo esiyingozi kakhulu, izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kufanele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezimayini ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukulimala empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo.