Inqubo Ye-Electrolytic Oxidation Yokwelapha Amanzi Angcolile E-Sodium Cyanide

Isingeniso

I-Cyanide - equkethe amanzi angcolile, ikakhulukazi lawo aphuma kuwo I-Sodium Cyanide, iyinkinga enkulu yezemvelo. Amanzi angcolile anjalo anobuthi obukhulu futhi ikakhulukazi asukela ezimbonini ezifana ne-electroplating, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi, ukupheka, i-metallurgy, ukucubungula insimbi, i-chemical fiber, ipulasitiki, isibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali. Emanzini, ayizinzile futhi ijwayele ukubola. Kokubili i-inorganic kanye ne-organic ama-cyanides ziyizinto ezinobuthi ngokwedlulele. Ngokwesibonelo, umthamo obulalayo we i-cyanide emzimbeni womuntu ngu-0.18 g, kanti owe-potassium cyanide ngu-0.12 g. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elibulalayo le-cyanide ekudobeni emanzini lisukela ku-0.04 - 0.1 mg/L. Ngenxa yalokho, izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zidingeka ngokushesha ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wawo olimazayo emvelweni nempilo yabantu.

Izisekelo Ze-Electrolytic Oxidation ye-Cyanide - equkethe Amanzi Angcolile

The Inqubo ye-Electrolytic oxidation yokwelapha Amanzi angcolile e-sodium cyanide isebenza ngomgomo wokusebenzisa amandla kagesi ukushayela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ku-anode ne-cathode, ngaleyo ndlela iguqule i-cyanide emanzini angcolile ibe izinto eziyingozi kancane. Kule nqubo, kokubili i-cyanide elula ne-cyanide eyinkimbinkimbi emanzini angcolile i-electrolysis.

Ukusabela kwe-Anode

• Ye-Cyanide Elula: Ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwesigaba sokuqala ku-anode, i-cyanide elula isabela ngamandla nezinye izinto emanzini angcolile ukuze yakhe i-compound engenabo ubuthi. Esigabeni sesibili esilandelayo, kwenzeka ukusabela okubili. Ukusabela okukodwa kuphinde kuhlukanise le compound ibe I-Carbon i-dioxide, i-nitrogen, kanye namanzi. Okunye ukusabela kuphumela ekukhiqizweni kwe-ammonium.

• Okokudidiyela I-Cyanide (Ukuthatha Ithusi - equkethe I-Complex njengesibonelo): Uma i-coordination cyanide, efana ne-copper - complexes equkethe, ifinyelela ku-anode, isabela ekwenzeni ama-ion ethusi kanye nenye inhlanganisela engenabuthi obuncane. Lapho usawoti wetafula ufakwa endaweni ye-electrolytic, ukusabela okwengeziwe kwenzeka. Ama-chloride ions aphuma kusawoti afakwa nge-oxid ukuze akhe i-chlorine esanda kuzalwa. Le chlorine esanda kuzalwa ibe isihlangana ne-cyanide nezinye izinto emanzini angcolile ukuze ihlukanise izakhi ze-cyanide zibe imikhiqizo engeyona ingozi kangako, okuhlanganisa isikhutha, i-nitrogen, nama-ion e-chloride.

Ukusabela kwe-Cathode

Ku-cathode, ama-ion e-hydrogen athola ama-electron futhi akhe igesi ye-hydrogen. Ngensimbi - equkethe izakhi ze-cyanide, njengalezo ezinethusi, ama-ion ethusi athola ama-electron futhi angafakwa njengensimbi yethusi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ama-ion ethusi nawo angasabela nama-ion we-hydroxide ukuze akhe i-copper hydroxide precipitate.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Kunqubo Ye-Electrolytic Oxidation

• Izinto ze-Electrode: Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-electrode kubalulekile. Ezimweni eziningi, insimbi emnene ingasetshenziswa njengempahla ye-cathode. Kodwa-ke, ama-anode adinga ukumelana nemvelo enokhahlo ye-electrochemical. Ama-anode azinzile (DSA), enziwe ngama-oxide ensimbi ahloniphekile futhi akhiqizwa izinkampani eziningana, afaneleka kahle kulolu hlelo lokusebenza. I-graphite ingasebenza njenge-anode material, kodwa ine-drawback yokuthi idliwe kancane kancane ngesikhathi senqubo ye-electrolysis.

• Temperature Control: Izinga lokushisa loketshezi olulahlwayo ngesikhathi se-electrolysis lidinga ukulawulwa ngokucophelela. Ngokuvamile kufanele igcinwe ngaphansi kuka-25 °C. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu, i-chlorine ekhiqizwa ku-oxidation ye-chloride ion kusawoti owengeziwe izophuma ngaphambi kokuba isabele nge-cyanide, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokubhubhisa i-cyanide.

• Ukwengezwa kwe-Chloride Ion: Ukwengeza ama-ion e-chloride emanzini angcolile kungathuthukisa i-electrolytic oxidation ye-cyanide. Ngokuvamile, ukungeza u-1 - 2 g/L wama-ion e-chloride kwanele. Kwezinye izimo, ukungeza usawoti ovamile (i-sodium chloride) ekuhlanganiseni okungu-25 g ilitha kuketshezi olulahlwayo kuboniswe ukusiza ngokuphumelelayo ekubhujisweni kwe-electrolytic ye-cyanide.

Izinzuzo Zenqubo Ye-Electrolytic Oxidation

• Ukusebenza Okuphezulu Kwamanzi Angcolile Okugxilile: Inqubo ye-electrolytic oxidation iphumelela kakhulu ekwelapheni i-cyanide egxilile kakhulu - equkethe amanzi angcolile, njengalawo atholakala ezimayini zegolide. Kunganciphisa kakhulu ukugxila kwe-cyanide emanzini angcolile.

• In - Situ Generation of Reactive Species: Phakathi ne-electrolysis, izinhlobo ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-nascent chlorine zikhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwesistimu. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo sokwengezwa kwangaphandle kwama-oxidizing angaba yingozi futhi abizayo ngamanani amakhulu.

• Ukuvumelana nezimo: Inqubo ingalungiswa ngokuvumelana nokwakheka okuthile kwamanzi angcolile. Ngokulawula amapharamitha afana nokuminyana kwamanje, i-voltage, kanye nokwengezwa kukasawoti othile, inqubo ye-electrolytic oxidation ingalungiselelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-cyanide - eziqukethe amanzi angcolile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi aqukethe izinhlanganisela ezilula noma eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-cyanide.

Isiphetho

Inqubo ye-electrolytic oxidation inikeza isisombululo esithembisayo sokwelapha i-sodium cyanide amanzi angcolile. Ngokuqonda ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka ku-anode ne-cathode, ukukhetha ngokucophelela izinto ze-electrode, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, nokwengeza amanani afanele ama-ion e-chloride, le ndlela ingasusa ngempumelelo ukungcola kwe-cyanide emanzini angcolile. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokufuna izindlela ezisimeme nezisebenza kahle zokuphatha imfucuza yazo, inqubo ye-electrolytic oxidation ingase izuze ukusetshenziswa okusabalele ekwelashweni kwe-cyanide - equkethe amanzi angcolile. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe nokuthuthukiswa kusadingeka ukuthuthukisa inqubo, ukunciphisa izindleko, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kanye nobungane bemvelo.