Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Sodium Cyanide embonini ye-Electroplating

I-Electroplating iyinqubo ebalulekile embonini yokukhiqiza, ehlanganisa ukufaka ungqimba oluncane lwensimbi phezu kwendawo yokusebenza yensimbi ngokusebenzisa i-electrolysis. Le nqubo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukubukeka kwayo kobuhle kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Isodium i-cyanide, isakhi samakhemikhali esinobuthi obunamandla kodwa esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi, sidlala indima enkulu ekulweni I-Electroplating imboni.

Izisekelo ze-Electroplating

I-Electroplating isekelwe kumgomo we-electrolysis. Ekusetheni i-electroplating, i-workpiece yensimbi okufanele ihlanganiswe yenziwe i-cathode, kuyilapho insimbi ezofakwa isetshenziswa njenge-anode. Kokubili i-cathode ne-anode zicwiliswa kusisombululo se-electrolyte esiqukethe ama-ion ensimbi ensimbi yokucwebeza. Lapho amandla kagesi edlula ku-electrolyte, ama-ion ensimbi esixazululweni akhangwa ku-cathode (i-workpiece) futhi abekwe phezu kwawo, enze ungqimba oluncane, olufana nensimbi yokucwenga.

Indima ye-Sodium Cyanide ku-Electroplating

I-sodium cyanide (NaCN) isetshenziswa kabanzi ekufakweni kwe-electroplating njenge-a I-ejenti eyinkimbinkimbi. Inekhono lokwakha izakhiwo ezizinzile ezinama-ion ensimbi ahlukahlukene. Ngokomongo we-electroplating, lezi zakhiwo zensimbi - i-cyanide zinezinzuzo ezimbalwa:

1. Ikhwalithi Yokucwenga Ethuthukisiwe: Izakhiwo ze-Metal - cyanide ezakhiwe yi I-Sodium Cyanide ukusiza ekufezeni iyunifomu ngaphezulu futhi bushelelezi metal deposition phezu workpiece surface. Isibonelo, ku-electroplating yethusi, i-copper - cyanide complex iqinisekisa ukuthi ama-ion ethusi afakwa ngokulinganayo, okuholela kungqimba lwethusi oluminyene futhi olunamathelayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ubuqotho bongqimba olupuletiwe bubalulekile, njengasembonini ye-electronics yezixhumi zokunamathisela.

2. Ukufakwa Okuthuthukisiwe: Ukusetshenziswa kwe i-sodium cyanide kwisixazululo se-electrolyte kuthuthukisa amandla okujikijela okugeza okucwebezelayo. Amandla okujikijela asho ikhono lesisombululo sokucwebezelisa ukufaka ungqimba olufanayo lwensimbi endaweni yokusebenza, ngisho nasezinxenyeni ezinomumo oyinkimbinkimbi ezinezinsika nama-protrusions. I-metal - cyanide complexes ingafinyelela ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izingxenye ze-workpiece, iqinisekise ukumbozwa okuphelele. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezezimoto, lapho izingxenye ezinejometri eyinkimbinkimbi kudingeka zihlanganiswe ukuze kuvikeleke ukugqwala.

3. I-Stable Plating Bath: I-sodium cyanide isiza ekugcineni ukuzinza kokugeza kwe-electroplating. Ilawula ukugxila kwe-ion yensimbi yamahhala esixazululweni, ivimbela ukwakheka kwediphozithi yensimbi engahambisani kahle - enamathela noma enekhwalithi embi. Ngokwenza ama-complexes azinzile, kuvumela inqubo ye-electroplating elawulwayo futhi engaguquki.

Izicelo Eziqondile ze-Sodium Cyanide ku-Electroplating

1. I-Copper Plating: E-electroplating yethusi, I-sodium cyanide isetshenziselwa ukwakha i-copper - cyanide complexes. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kuhlanganiswe ama-substrates afana ne-zinc - alloy die - castings. I-Zinc - i-alloy die - castings isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izinto zokuhlobisa, iziphuphu, nezingxenye ezincane zemishini. Njengoba i-zinc - alloy isengozini yokugqwala ezixazululweni ze-acidic plating, inqubo ye-cyanide - based copper - plating ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesinyathelo sangaphambi kokucwenga. I-copper layer efakwe kusetshenziswa i-cyanide - equkethe i-electrolyte ivikela i-zinc - alloy substrate endaweni ene-acidic yezinqubo zokucwenga ezilandelayo, njenge-nickel plating, futhi ithuthukisa ukunamathela kongqimba lwe-nickel.

2. I-Silver Plating: I-sodium cyanide nayo isetshenziswa ku-electroplating yesiliva. Ama-Silver - cyanide complexes akhiwa ku-electrolyte, okwenza kube nokubekwa kwesiliva okubushelelezi nokukhanyayo. Izinto ezicwebezelayo zesiliva zivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yobucwebe, ekwenziweni kwezinto zetafula, kanye nokuxhumana ngogesi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ku-electroplating eyisiliva kuqinisekisa ukuqedwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, nongqimba olusiliva olunokubukeka okuhle kakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala.

3. Ukufakelwa kwe-Zinc: Nakuba imizamo yenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinqubo ze-non-cyanide zinc - plating, kwezinye izimo, i-cyanide-based zinc electroplating isasetshenziswa. Izinkimbinkimbi ze-zinc - cyanide ezakhiwe ngosizo lwe-sodium cyanide zinikeza amandla amahle okujikijela futhi zivumela ukubekwa kongqimba lwe-zinc olufanayo. I-Zinc Plating isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuvikela ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi nezensimbi, njengasezimbonini zokwakha nezezimoto.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezokuphepha

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi ku-electroplating, i-sodium cyanide iyinto enobuthi kakhulu. Ikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide lapho ihlangana nama-asidi noma amanzi. Ngakho-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kufanele zibe sezindaweni ze-electroplating ezisebenzisa i-sodium cyanide:

1. Ukuphatha kanye Nokugcina Okufanelekile: I-sodium cyanide kufanele igcinwe endaweni evikelekile, enomoya omuhle, kude nama-acids kanye nomswakama. Izisebenzi eziphatha i-sodium cyanide kumele ziqeqeshwe ngezinqubo ezifanele zokuphatha, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuzivikela ezinjengamagilavu, izibuko, nokuvikela ukuphefumula.

2. Izinhlelo Zezimo Eziphuthumayo: Izitshalo ze-Electroplating kufanele zibe nezinhlelo ezibanzi zokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo uma kwenzeka kuchitheka ngephutha noma ukukhishwa kwe-sodium cyanide. Lezi zinhlelo kufanele zibandakanye izinqubo zokuthuthwa kwendawo, ukunciphisa i-cyanide, nokuhlinzeka ngosizo lwezokwelapha kubasebenzi abathintekile.

3. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo: Amanzi angcolile aphuma ezinqubweni ze-electroplating aqukethe i-sodium cyanide kufanele aphathwe kahle ukuze kukhishwe i-cyanide ngaphambi kokuthi akhishelwe endaweni ezungezile. Izindlela zokwelapha zingase zihlanganise i-chemical oxidation, eguqula i-cyanide ibe izinhlanganisela eziyingozi kancane.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile embonini ye-electroplating, ivumela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enekhwalithi ephezulu, ehlala isikhathi eside, futhi ejabulisa ngobuhle. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa izinqubo ezihlukile, ezinobuthi obuncane bokwenza i-electroplating, kodwa okwamanje, i-sodium cyanide isalokhu iyingxenye ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-electroplating.