Isitoreji Esibalulekile Nezicaciso Zokuthutha ze-Sodium Hydrosulfide

Ukuphepha kanye nemininingwane yezokuthutha ye I-Sodium Hydrosulfide emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amakhemikhali izinto zokusetshenziswa

abstract

I-sodium hydrosulfide, njengezinto ezivamile zokukhiqiza amakhemikhali, ine-alkalinity eqinile kanye nezakhiwo ezinciphisayo, okudinga ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni yokuphepha ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuhamba. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngemininingwane eningiliziwe yezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-sodium hydrosulfide, ukuhlolwa kwezingozi zayo, izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala, izinyathelo zokulwa nomlilo, impendulo ephuthumayo ekuvuzeni, ukuphatha nokusebenza nokugcinwa, ukulawulwa kokuchayeka / ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu, izici ze-physicochemical, ukuzinza kanye nokusebenza kabusha, idatha ye-toxicological, ukuhleleka kwemvelo, idatha ye-ecological, idatha ye-ecological, idatha yokulawulwa kwemvelo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kolwazi, ukuchithwa kolwazi kanye nokuphepha kolwazi. ukwethembeka.

I. Izakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali

I-sodium hydrosulfide iyimpushana ecwebezelayo emhlophe ene-alkalinity enamandla kanye nezakhiwo ezinciphisayo. Ifomula yayo yamangqamuzana i-NaHS, futhi isisindo sayo samangqamuzana singama-56.06. Iphuzu elincibilikayo lingu-100°C, kanti indawo yokubilisa ingu-140°C. I-sodium hydrosulfide incibilika kalula emanzini, ikhiqiza i-sodium hydroxide ne-hydrogen sulfide.

II. Uhlolojikelele Lwezingozi

I-sodium hydrosulfide iyacasula kakhulu amehlo, isikhumba, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Ukuhogela umhwamuko wayo kungabangela izimpawu zokucasuka kokuphefumula. Ukungeniswa kungaholela ekushiseni kwamathumbu, ukuguguleka kwe-mucosal, ukopha, nokushaqeka. Ukwengeza, i-sodium hydrosulfide ihlangana nama-asidi ukuze ikhulule igesi ye-hydrogen sulfide evuthayo futhi isabela ngobudlova kanye nama-oxidizer nezinto ezine-asidi.

III. Izinyathelo Zosizo Lokuqala

Uma kwenzeka uthinta isikhumba, susa ngokushesha izingubo ezingcolile bese ugeza indawo ethintekile ngamanzi amaningi ageleza okungenani imizuzu engu-15. Ukuze uthintane namehlo, phakamisa ngokushesha amajwabu amehlo bese uhlanza kahle ngamanzi agelezayo noma usawoti omningi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15. Uma uhogelwe, yisa isiguli emoyeni omusha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi indlela yokuphefumula icacile. Uma udla, geza umlomo, unikeze ubisi noma amaqanda amhlophe, futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

IV. Izinyathelo Zokulwa Nomlilo

I-sodium hydrosulfide kufanele igcinwe endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile, enomoya omuhle, kude nemithombo yokushisa nokushisa. Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nama-oxidizers nama-acids, futhi ukuxuba akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Hlomisa indawo yokugcina ngezinhlobo ezifanele kanye nenani lempahla yokucisha umlilo kanye nemishini yokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo ezivuzayo. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ibe nezinto ezifanele ukuqukatha noma yikuphi ukuvuza.

V. Impendulo Ephuthumayo Ekuvuzeni Kwamanzi

Hlukanisa indawo evuzayo engcolisiwe futhi ubeke umkhawulo ekufinyeleleni. Abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo bayelulekwa ukuthi bagqoke imaski yothuli (ubuso obugcwele) kanye nezingubo zokuvikela ezine-alkali. Ukuthintana neziqukathi eziphukile kanye nezinto ezivuzayo akuvunyelwe kuze kugqokwe izingubo ezifanele zokuzivikela. Sika umthombo ovuzayo uma kungenzeka. Ngokuvuza okuncane: gwema ukukhiqiza uthuli futhi usebenzise ifosholo elihlanzekile ukuqoqa impahla esitsheni esomile, esihlanzekile, esimboziwe. Ngokuvuza okukhulu: mboza ngamashidi epulasitiki noma ngendwangu. Bese uqoqa bese ugaywa kabusha noma uthuthelwe endaweni yokulahla udoti ukuze ulashwe.

VI. Ukuphatha Ukusebenza kanye Nesitoreji

Izinyathelo Zokusebenza: Yenza imisebenzi endaweni evaliwe futhi unikeze umoya owanele wendawo wokukhipha umoya. Vimbela uthuli ukuthi lungangeni emoyeni weshabhu. Ama-opharetha kufanele aqeqeshelwe okukhethekile futhi alandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza. Kunconywa ukuthi abaqhubi bagqoke izifihla-buso zothuli (ubuso obugcwele), izingubo ezimelana ne-asidi-alkali yerabha, namagilavu ​​amelana nerabha ene-asidi-alkali. Gcina kude nemithombo yokushisa nokushisa; ukubhema akuvunyelwe emsebenzini. Sebenzisa amasistimu nemishini yokungenisa umoya engaqhumi. Gwema ukukhiqiza uthuli futhi uxhumane nama-oxidizer nama-asidi. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe ukuze ugweme ukuthintana namanzi. Hlomisa indawo ngezinhlobo ezifanele kanye nenani lempahla yokucisha umlilo kanye nemishini yokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo ezivuzayo. Iziqukathi ezingenalutho zingase zigcine izinsalela eziyingozi.

Imithetho Yesitoreji: Gcina endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile, enomoya omuhle, kude nemithombo yokushisa nokushisa. Vimbela ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Gcina ngokwehlukana nama-oxidizer nama-acids, futhi ukuxuba akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Hlomisa indawo yokugcina ngezinhlobo ezifanele kanye nenani lempahla yokucisha umlilo. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ibe nezinto ezifanele ukuqukatha noma yikuphi ukuvuza.

VII. Ukulawula Ukuchayeka / Ukuvikelwa Komuntu Siqu

Umkhawulo wokuchayeka emsebenzini: I-China MAC (mg/m3): Alikho izinga elimisiwe. I-Soviet Union MAC yangaphambili (mg/m3): Alikho izinga elisunguliwe. I-TLVTN: Alikho izinga elisunguliwe. I-TLVWN: Alikho izinga elisunguliwe. Indlela yokuqapha: Ukulawulwa kobunjiniyela: Ukusebenza okuvaliwe, nikeza i-exhaust eyanele yendawo. Ukuvikelwa kwesistimu yokuphefumula: Uma ukugxila emoyeni kudlula izinga, imaskhi yothuli yokuhlunga ezizenzela yona kufanele igqokwe. Lapho uhlenga noma uphuma esimweni esiphuthumayo, kufanele kugqokwe umshini wokuphefumula umoya. Ukuvikela iso: Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha zamakhemikhali. Ukuvikela umzimba: Gqoka i-asidi yerabha nezingubo ezimelana ne-alkali. Ukuvikela isandla: Gqoka i-asidi yerabha namagilavu ​​amelana ne-alkali. Esinye isivikelo: Ukubhema, ukudla nokuphuza akuvunyelwe emsebenzini, nokugeza izandla ngaphambi kokudla. Ngemva komsebenzi, geza futhi ushintshe izingubo. Gcina imikhuba emihle yenhlanzeko.

VIII. Izakhiwo zePhysicochemical

Ukubukeka kanye nezakhiwo: Impushana ecwebezelayo emhlophe kuya kokungenambala noma amakristalu acwebile anephunga le-hydrogen sulfide. Iphoyinti elincibilikayo (℃): likhulu kuno-100 Ukuminyana okuhlobene (amanzi = 1): 1.79 Ukuncibilika: kuncibilika emanzini, kuncibilika ku-methanol nezinye izincibilikisi eziphilayo. Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko: esetshenziswa njengama-reagents okuhlaziya, njll. Izinto ezingahambelani: ama-oxidants aqinile, ama-acids aqinile. Izimo zokugwema ukuthintana: umoya oswakeme. Ingozi yokwenza i-polymerization: ayikho i-polymerization Imikhiqizo yokubola: i-hydrogen sulfide, ama-sulphur oxides.

IX. Ukuzinza kanye nokusebenza kabusha

Ukuzinza: Ingozi ye-Polymerization ezinzile: Ayikho i-polymerization Izimo okufanele zigwenywe: Ukushisa Izinto ezingahambisani: I-asidi enamandla, i-oxidizer eqinile Imikhiqizo ebolayo eyingozi: I-Hydrogen sulfide Imikhiqizo evuthayo (ukubola): I-Hydrogen sulfide, i-sulfur oxide Ukuhlukaniswa kobuthi Ubuthi Acute I-Oral-rat:50b560b500bt LD24bit data. 500 mg/24 amahora Ukucasuka okukhulu Isikhumba-unogwaja 1400 mg/4 amahora Ukucasuka okukhulu Ukuhogela-rat I-TCLo: XNUMXppm/XNUMX amahora Izici eziyingozi Isabela nge-asidi ikhiphe igesi evuthayo ye-hydrogen sulfide. Ingasabela ngobudlova nama-oxidants ukuze ibangele ukusha noma ukuqhuma.