Ucwaningo ngeCyanide Leaching yeCarbonaceous Carlin-Type Gold Ore

Isingeniso

Amatshe egolide ohlobo lweCarbonaceous Carlin abonakala ngokusabalala kwawo kabanzi kanye nokugcinwa kwawo okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, aletha izinselele ezinkulu enkambisweni yokukhipha igolide. Lawa matshe ngokuvamile aqukethe iCarbon ekwakhekeni kwawo okuyisisekelo, kanti izinhlayiya zegolide zikhona ngendlela ehlelekile. Ukuba khona kwe-arsenic nekhabhoni kuholela ezinkingeni ezimbili ezinkulu: ukufakwa kwegolide kanye nomphumela wokuphanga igolide lekhabhoni, okuholela emazingeni aphansi kakhulu okukhipha i-cyanidation ngqo. Ngenxa yalokho, abhekwa njengamatshe aphindwe kabili angenakuphikiswa noma amatshe aqinile, amele indawo eyaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele emkhakheni wokumbiwa kwegolide.

Inkinga yeCyanide Leaching in Carbonaceous Carlin-Type Gold Ores

Igolide Encapsulation

Amaminerali e-sulfide kuma-ore egolide ohlobo lwe-Carlin avame ukumboza izinhlayiya zegolide. Lesi sivikelo esibonakalayo sivimbela ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwesisombululo se -cyanide negolide, okunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokukhipha. Isibonelo, ezimayini eziningi ezinama-ore anjalo, ingxenye enkulu yegolide isalokhu ivaleleke ngaphakathi kwe-sulfide matrix, engafinyeleleki ku- agent yokukhipha i-Cyanide.

I-Carbon's Gold-Robbery Effect

Izinto ze-carbonaceous kulezi zinsimbi zinobuhlobo obuqinile ne-gold cyanide complexes. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha i-cyanide, njengoba igolide lincibilika futhi lakha i-cyanide complexes, izinto ze-carbonaceous zingamunca lezi zinsimbi, "ziphuce" igolide esixazululweni. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuholela esilinganisweni esiphansi sokubuyisa igolide kodwa futhi kubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu enkambisweni yokukhipha. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-carbon ku-ore, njenge-elemental carbon, i-organic carbon, kanye ne-inorganic carbon, zonke zinegalelo emazingeni ahlukahlukene kulo mphumela wokuphanga igolide. I-elemental carbon, ikakhulukazi, inokuziphatha kokumunca okufana nokwe- Activated Carbon , okungamunca kakhulu i-gold cyanide complexes.

Ucwaningo nge-Cyanide Leaching Experiments

I-Cyanide Leaching eqondile

Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-cyanide leaching eqondile ye-carbonaceous Carlin-ores yegolide ikhiqiza igolide eliphansi kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nalapho kusetshenziswa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe ze-cyanide leaching ezifana ne-carbon-in-pulp (CIP) noma i-resin-in-pulp (RIP), izinga lokutakula lihlala liphansi ngokudumazayo. Isibonelo, esivivinyweni esithile, izinga lokutholwa kwegolide lokucwiliswa kwe-cyanide ngokuqondile lalingu-12.9% kuphela, okugqamisa ukungasebenzi kwale ndlela kulawo matshe aphikisayo.

Izindlela Zokwelapha Ngaphambili Zokuthuthukisa I-Cyanide Leaching

Iyabola

Ukugazinga kuyindlela evamile yokwelapha. Ngokushisisa i-ore, izinto ze-carbonaceous zixoshwa njenge-CO ne-CO₂, futhi i-pyrite ibola ibe yi-iron oxides. Le nqubo iveza igolide ebelimboziwe ngaphambilini, okwenza lifinyeleleke kalula ekucwilisweni kwe-cyanide. Nokho, ukugazinga kudinga ukudla okucolisekileyo kokukhipha anezikhala eziyishumi, okungenani amahora amane esikhathi sokugcina, kanye nokulawulwa okunembile kwezinga lokushisa nomoya esithandweni somlilo. Amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-500°C noma umoya owehlisa kancane ungaholela ekugazini okungaphelele, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kokukhipha igolide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-550 ° C nangaphezulu, i-pyrite iguqulwa ibe uhlobo oluphikisayo lwe-hematite lapho igolide lingenakuvuthwa khona ngokuphumelelayo nge-cyanide. Ukwengeza, ukugazinga kudinga ukomiswa okumba eqolo kokuphakelayo esithandweni kanye nokulawulwa okuqinile kokukhishwa kwamagesi esithandweni somlilo. Nakuba ingakwazi ukuzuza ukukhishwa kwegolide okungama-85 - 87% ensimbini equkethe amagremu ayishumi nantathu egolide ngethani, ngenxa yezindleko zayo ezinkulu zezindleko kanye nezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukugazinga kuye kwashiywa njengenye indlela efanelekile yokubeka igolide yohlobo lweCarlin eminingi.

I-Chemical Oxidation

I-Chemical oxidation ibonise amandla amakhulu ekwelapheni amatshe egolide ohlobo lweCarlin. Ama-oxidizing agents kuma-pulps anamanzi anganqoba imiphumela eyingozi yezinto ezikhiqiza i-carbonaceous. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-chlorine njenge-ejenti yokwelapha kuye kwafundwa kabanzi. Kodwa-ke, inani le-chlorine edingekayo liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi i-ore iyaphikiswa. Ama-ore aphikisayo kancane angadinga kuphela amakhilogremu ayishumi kuya kwamashumi amabili e-chlorine ngethani ngalinye ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphambili kwe-cyanidation ukuze kutholakale u-83% noma ngaphezulu wegolide ekukhishweni kwe-cyanidation okulandelayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-ore aphikisayo kakhulu angase adinge ngaphezu kwe-100 kg ye-chlorine ngethani ngalinye ohlelweni lokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Amanye ama-oxidizing agents afana ne-hydrogen peroxide, i-sodium hypochlorite, ne-potassium permanganate nawo aye aphenywa. I-sodium hypochlorite, ngokwesibonelo, ayikwazi nje ukufaka i-oxidize amaminerali e-sulfide ukuze iveze igolide elivalekile kodwa futhi idlulise izinto ze-carbonaceous, inciphise umphumela wayo wokuphanga igolide. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ukusebenzisa i-sodium hypochlorite njenge-ejenti yokwelapha kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokutholwa kwegolide ekulethweni okulandelayo kwe-cyanide.

I-Bacterial Oxidation

I-bacterium oxidation iyindlela yokwelapha esafufusa futhi enobungani nemvelo. I-Mixed acidophilic bacteria ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-oxidize amaminerali e-sulfide ensimbi. Le nqubo ixazulula ngempumelelo inkinga yegolide encapsulation by sulfide. Ngesikhathi se-bacterial oxidation, amagciwane agaya amaminerali e-sulfide, awaphule futhi akhulule igolide elihlanganisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni ecushiwe enqubweni elandelayo ye-cyanide leaching kungathatha ithuba lekhono layo lokuncintisana lokukhangisa ukuze kuliwe nomthelela wokugetshengwa kwegolide wezinto ze-carbonaceous. Isibonelo, ocwaningweni lwediphozi yegolide yohlobo lweCarlin e-Carlin e-Yunnan, ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-bacterial oxidation kanye ne-carbon-in-pulp cyanidation, izinga lokutholwa kwegolide lifinyelele ku-82.39%, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide reagent yehliswe ngo-49.68%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi i-bacterial oxidation - inqubo ye-carbon cyanide leaching iyindlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha amatshe egolide ohlobo lwe-Carlin.

Isiphetho

Insimbi yegolide yohlobo lweCarbonaceous Carlin yethula izinselele ezinkulu enqubweni yokucwiliswa kwe-cyanide ngenxa yokumbozwa kwegolide kanye nomthelela wokugetshengwa kwegolide wekhabhoni. Nakuba ukucwiliswa kwe-cyanide okuqondile ngokuvamile kungasebenzi, izindlela zokwelapha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ezinjengokugazinga, i-chemical oxidation, kanye ne-bacterial oxidation zinikeza izixazululo ezingaba khona. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nemikhawulo mayelana nokutholwa kwegolide, izindleko, nomthelela wemvelo. Phakathi kwazo, i-bacterial oxidation - i-carbon cyanide leaching kanye nezindlela ezithile ze-chemical oxidation zibonisa isithembiso esihle sokwelapha ngempumelelo lezi zinsimbi eziphikisayo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lusadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe lezi zinqubo, kuncishiswe izindleko, futhi kuthuthukiswe ubungane bazo bemvelo, ukuze kwenziwe ukukhishwa kwegolide ezinsimbini zegolide zohlobo lweCarlin ezisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kuzimeme.