Usoro cyanidation slime niile maka ụdị ọla edo ekesara

1. Okwu Mmalite

Site na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọla edo na-aga n'ihu, akụrụngwa ọla edo a na-edozi nke ọma na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata. Ya mere, ọ dị oke mkpa iji mụọ usoro uru na mgbaze nke ọla edo na-agbaze, dị ka ọla edo nwere arsenic - antimony vein - ụdị ekesara. A na-eji comple mara mmanụ ndị a

x mieralogy, ebe arsenopyrite na stibnite jikọtara ya na mineral gangue n'ụdị ekesara, na-eme ka mmịpụta ọla edo bụrụ ihe ịma aka. The niile - slime cyanidation usoro bụ a nkịtị usoro maka gold mmịpụta, ma n'ihi na nke a ụdị ore, ọ na-enwekarị nsogbu ndị dị ka obere gold leaching ọnụego na elu reagent oriri. Ịkwalite usoro a nwere ike imeziwanye ọnụego ojiji akụrụngwa yana uru akụ na ụba nke ogbunigwe ọla edo.

2. Njirimara nke Arsenic - Antimony Vein - Ụdị ọla edo ekesara

2.1 Ihe mejupụtara mineral

Na arsenic - vein antimony - ekesa ụdị ọla edo, arsenopyrite na stibnite bụ isi mineral na-emetụta mmịpụta ọla edo. Ụmụ irighiri ọla edo ndị dị na ọla nwere oke urughuru na-enweghị oke. A na-ekesakarị ha na mgbawa na oghere inter-granular nke pyrite na arsenopyrite, ma ọ bụ kechie n'ime ha. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọla edo na stibite na-ebikọ ọnụ, akụkụ ya na-etinyekwa na mineral gangue dị ka limonite ma ọ bụ quartz. Otu akụkụ nke pyrite dị na ọla dị mma - mgbasa ozi na-agbasa na mineral gangue ma nwee mmekọrịta chiri anya na arsenopyrite na marcasite. Arsenopyrite n'ozuzu nwere oke urughuru dịtụ mma ma na-ejikọta ya na pyrite. Ihe owuwu nke ore bụ vein - na-ekesa, yana ọtụtụ stibnite na arsenopyrite jikọtara ya na mineral gangue n'ụzọ ekesara.

2.2 Ihe na-emerụ emerụ

Ọnụnọ nke arsenic (As) na antimony (Sb) n'ime ọla ahụ adịghị mma nke ukwuu maka cyanidation leaching nke ọlaedo. Ihe ndị a nwere ike imeghachi omume na cyanide na oxygen n'usoro cyanidation, na-eri nnukwu ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị nro ma na-ebelata ọnụego mmiri nke ọlaedo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, arsenic nwere ike ịmepụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị nwere arsenic na mmiri cyanide, nke na-eri cyanide naanị kamakwa ọ nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri passivation n'elu ihe ndị dị na ọlaedo, na-egbochi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ion ọlaedo na cyanide.

3. Nsogbu dị na Niile - Slime Cyanidation Usoro

3.1 Ọnụego mkpofu ọla edo dị ala

Direct All - slime cyanidation nke arsenic - antimony vein - ụdị ọla edo na-ekesa na-ebutekarị obere ntanye ọla edo. N'ihi mgbagwoju anya nke mineral na ọnụnọ nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ, ọla edo na-esiri ike ịgbaze kpamkpam site na cyanide. Maka ụfọdụ ọla, ọnụọgụ mgbake cyanidation slime bụ naanị ihe dịka 47.62%.

3.2 Reagent dị elu

Usoro cyanidation na-achọ nnukwu cyanide dị ka onye na-ahụ maka leaching. Otú ọ dị, na ọnụnọ arsenic, antimony na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emerụ ahụ, oriri nke cyanide na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Na mgbakwunye, ọnụnọ nke ụfọdụ mineral sulfide na ore nwekwara ike imeghachi omume na cyanide, na-abawanye oriri reagent ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmeghachi omume nke mineral sulfide na cyanide nwere ike ịmepụta cyano dị iche iche - ogige, na-ebelata mkpokọta cyanide n'efu na slurry na retarding gold leaching.

4. Atụmatụ kachasị mma maka Niile - Usoro Cyanidation Slime

4.1 Usoro ọgwụgwọ mbụ

4.1.1 Usoro ọgwụgwọ alkaline leaching

Iji NaOH dị ka alkaline leaching agent nwere ike wepu ụfọdụ ihe na-emerụ ahụ nke ọma. Site orthogonal factorial nnwale, e kpebisiri ike na maka ụfọdụ ore, mgbe ịnweta egweri fineness bụ - 200 mesh aza ajụjụ maka 85%, na alkaline leaching ịta bụ 60 kg / t, alkaline leaching oge bụ 32 h, na alkaline leaching okpomọkụ bụ 26 Celsius C, na-esote cyanidation mmetụta. Leaching alkaline nwere ike igbari ụfọdụ arsenic - na antimony - nwere mineral ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, na-ebelata mmetụta ọjọọ ha na usoro cyanidation.

4.1.2 Acid Pretreatment

Ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri acid eme ihe, dịka iji nitric acid (HNO₃) na hydrochloric acid (HCl), nwekwara ike ịdị irè. Ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri acid eme ihe nwere ike ibelata oriri cyanide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe emechara ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri acid eme ihe, enwere ike ibelata oriri cyanide site na 340 - 210 mg/L n'otu n'otu, ọnụego mgbake ọlaedo kwekọrọ na ya nwekwara ike ịbawanye ruo 98.87% na 95.11%. Ọgwụgwọ tupu e jiri acid mee nwere ike ịgbaze ụfọdụ mineral carbon na akụkụ nke mineral sulfide dị n'ime ọla ahụ, na-ebelata nnyonye anya nke mineral ndị a na usoro cyanidation.

4.1.3 Ngwọta ntụ ọka

Ịsa mmanụ ahụ ọkụ na 600 - 1000 Celsius ruo awa 0.5 - 2 tupu a mịpụta ya nwekwara ike inweta ezigbo nsonaazụ. Nsonaazụ nke cyanidation na ihe nlele a ṅara n'ọkụ na-egosi na oriri cyanide na-ebelata nke ukwuu site na 1150 mg/L, ọnụego mgbake ọlaedo na-abawanye site na 5.2%. Na mgbakwunye, ihe dị n'ime arsenic, antimony, cadmium, na MERCURY na ihe nlele a ṅara n'ọkụ (a ṅara n'ọkụ na 1000 °C maka awa 2) na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Ịsa ahụ ọkụ nwere ike ịgbanwe mineral sulfide ka ọ bụrụ metal oxides, na-eme ka ọlaedo dịkwuo mfe ịnweta cyanide leaching.

4.2 nkwalite nke ọnọdụ Cyanidation

4.2.1 Ntụkwasị Cyanide

Maka ọla ndị nwere njirimara dị iche iche, ọ dị mkpa ka a chọpụta ntinye nke cyanide kwesịrị ekwesị. Maka ụdị ihe nlele mbụ nke nwere ọla edo 10.5 ppm nwere nnukwu arsenic na antimony, ntinye uche nke cyanide kacha mma bụ 4000 mg / l, ebe maka ụdị ụdị nke abụọ nke nwere obere ọla edo dị ala (2.5 ppm) mana ọdịnaya ọlaọcha dị elu (160 ppm), mkpokọta cyanide kacha mma bụ 2500 mg / l. Ịmezi mkpokọta cyanide dị ka ihe ndị dị na mmanụ si dị nwere ike hụ na ị na-agbapụta ọla edo nke ọma ma na-ebelata ihe mkpofu reagent.

4.2.2 pH uru

Uru pH nke ngwọta cyanidation nwekwara mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmetụta leaching. Maka nlele mbụ, pH kacha mma bụ 11.1. na maka nlele nke abụọ, pH kacha mma bụ 10.5. Ịdebe uru pH kwesịrị ekwesị nwere ike hụ na nkwụsi ike nke ngwọta cyanide na-akwalite mmeghachi omume n'etiti ọla edo na ion cyanide.

4.2.3 Oge Cyanidation

Ekwesịrị ịkwalite oge cyanidation. Maka ụdị ụdị abụọ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, oge cyanidation kwesịrị ekwesị bụ 24 h. Ịgbatị oge cyanidation nwere ike ọ gaghị abụrịrị ịbawanye ọnụego mgbake ọla edo nke ukwuu mana ọ ga-abawanye ọnụ ahịa mmepụta. Ya mere, ikpebi oge cyanidation kwesịrị ekwesị dị oké mkpa maka imeziwanye mmepụta mmepụta ihe.

4.2.4 Ojiji nke Oxidizing Agents

Iji ihe oxidizing dị ka H₂O₂ (0.015 M), ikuku (0.15 L/min), ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke H₂O₂ na ikuku nwere ike imeziwanye kinetics ọla edo. N'ime ha, injection nke ikuku nwere mmetụta bara uru kachasị na leaching kinetics. Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe nwere ike ịtụgharị ụfọdụ ihe ndị na-ebelata ihe dị na ore n'ime ụdị oxidized, na-akwalite mgbasa nke ọla edo.

5. Ọmụmụ ihe

N'ebe a na-egwupụta ọlaedo na Gansu, e mere ka usoro arsenic - antimony vein - nke a na-ekesa nke ọma karịa. Site na ọgwụgwọ alkaline leaching pre-pre-treatment na NaOH, ime ka ịdị mma nke egweri ihe dịkwuo mma, ntinye nke alkaline leaching, oge, na okpomọkụ, wee mee cyanidation na ntinye NaCN kwesịrị ekwesị na oge cyanidation, ọnụego leaching cyanide mụbara site na 47.62% mbụ ruo 85.04%. N'ọnọdụ ọzọ, na nkwụnye ọlaedo nwere ihe mejupụtara ọla dị mgbagwoju anya, mgbe emechara ọgwụgwọ acid na ịme achịcha tupu oge eruo, wee gbanwee Ọnọdụ Cyanidation , ọnụego mgbake ọlaedo ka mma nke ukwuu, a belatara oriri cyanide nke ọma.

6. Mmechi

Ịkwalite usoro cyanidation slime maka arsenic - antimony vein - ụdị ọla edo na-ekesa bụ ụzọ dị mma iji melite arụmọrụ mmịpụta ọla edo ma belata ọnụ ahịa mmepụta. Site n'ịhọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị dị ka alkaline leaching, acid pretreatment, na pretreatment pretreatment, na njikarịcha ọnọdụ cyanidation gụnyere mkpokọta cyanide, uru pH, oge cyanidation, na iji ihe ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị irè, enwere ike nweta nkwalite dị ukwuu na ọnụego leaching ọla edo na oriri reagent. Ngwuputa ọla edo dị iche iche kwesịrị ịhọrọ usoro kachasị mma dịka njirimara ọla nke aka ha si nweta uru akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi kacha mma.