Saamaynta Qiimaha Kicinta ee Heerka Leaching ee Sodium Cyanide

1. Hordhac

Daadinta Cyanide waa hab si weyn looga isticmaalo warshadaha macdanta si looga soo saaro biraha qiimaha leh, gaar ahaan dahabka, macdanta. Sodium cyanide wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa habkan maadaama uu la falgalo biraha si uu u sameeyo isku-dhafan milma, taasoo u oggolaanaysa kala-soociddooda matrix-ka macdanta. Waxyaabaha kala duwan ee saameyn kara waxtarka daadinta Cyanide , heerka walaaqidda ayaa muhiimad weyn leh. Maqaalkani wuxuu higsanayaa inuu si faahfaahsan u sahamiyo sida heerka walaaqidda uu u saameeyo heerka daadinta ee Sodium cyanide.

2. Doorka Kicinta ee Cyanide Leaching

2.1 Kobcinta Wareejinta Dadweynaha

Habka daadinta cyanide-ka, falgalka u dhexeeya Sodium Cyanide iyo birta ku jirta macdanta ayaa ka dhaca isku xirka u dhexeeya walxaha adag ee macdanta iyo xalka cyanide-ka dareeraha ah. Walaaqiddu waxay gacan ka geysataa hagaajinta wareejinta tirada falgalayaasha ( sodium cyanide iyo oksijiin) dusha sare ee walxaha macdanta iyo ka saarista alaabada falgalka ee dusha sare. Marka heerka walaaqidda la kordhiyo, socodka dareeraha ee ku wareegsan walxaha ayaa noqda mid aad u qasan. Walaaqiddu waxay yareysaa dhumucda lakabka xadka ee ku wareegsan walxaha, kaas oo ah gobolka ay ka jiraan isku-dhafka firfircoonida falgalayaasha iyo alaabada. Natiijo ahaan, heerka faafinta ee sodium cyanide iyo oksijiinta dusha sare ee walxaha ayaa kordha, taasoo kor u qaadaysa falcelinta daadinta.

2.2 Ka-hortagga Suuxinta Walxaha

Shaqada kale ee muhiimka ah ee kicinta ayaa ah in laga hortago wasakhaynta qaybaha macdanta yaryar, gaar ahaan marka laga hadlayo macdanta leh maaddada sare ee slime, dhoobada, ama shale. Qaybahaan ganaaxa ah waxay degi karaan inta lagu jiro habka leaching, hoos u dhigista aagga xiriirka u dhexeeya macdanta iyo xalka cyanide sidaas darteed hoos u dhigista waxtarka leaching. Adiga oo si joogto ah u walaaqaya saxarka (isku-darka macdanta iyo xalalka), qaybaha waxaa lagu hayaa ganaax, hubinta in xiriir la mid ah ay la yeeshaan xalalka cyanide inta lagu jiro habka leaching.

3. Daraasado tijaabo ah oo ku saabsan saamaynta heerka kicinta

3.1 Shaybaadhka - Tijaabada Miisaanka

Tijaabo shaybaar tiro badan ayaa la sameeyay si loo baaro xiriirka ka dhexeeya heerka walaaqda iyo heerka dheecaanka sodium cyanide. Tijaabada caadiga ah, muunad macdan ah ayaa lagu shubaa cabbir gaar ah ka dibna lagu qaso xal cyanide ah oo ku jira reactor qalabaysan kiciya. Heerka kicinta waa kala duwan yahay, iyo heerka dheecaanka waxaa la cabbiraa muddo cayiman. Tusaale ahaan, tijaabada dahabka - macdanta, markii heerka kicinta laga kordhiyay 200 rpm ilaa 600 rpm, heerka leaching ee dahabka (kaas oo ay leached by sodium cyanide) si weyn u kordhay marxaladaha hore ee leaching. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wixii ka dambeeya heer wax kicin ah oo gaar ah (qiyaastii 800 rpm kiiskan), kororka heerka leaching ayaa noqday mid aad u yar.

3.2 Warshadaha - Kormeerka Miisaanka

Hawlgallada miisaanka-warshaduhu waxay sidoo kale bixiyaan fikrado qiimo leh oo ku saabsan saameynta heerka kicinta. Dhirta caleenta cyanide ee baaxadda weyn, heerka kicinta ee taangiyada dheecaanka si taxadar leh ayaa loo xakameeyaa. Waxaa la arkay in marka heerka kicintu uu aad u hooseeyo, ay jiraan gobollo ku jira taangiga halkaas oo qaybaha macdanta aan si fiican loo helin - oo lagu qaso xal cyanide ah, taasoo horseedaysa hoos u dhigista heerka guud ee leaching. Dhanka kale, haddii heerka kicinta uu aad u sarreeyo, waxay sababi kartaa daal badan iyo jeexjeexa qalabka, kordhinta isticmaalka tamarta, iyo xitaa waxay keeni kartaa samaynta wareegyo carqaladeyn kara habka dheecaanka. Tusaale ahaan, warshad weyn oo dahab ah oo cyanidation ah, kordhinta heerka kicinta ee heerka 400 rpm ilaa 500 rpm waxay keentay 5% korodhka heerka leaching dahabka, laakiin sii kordhinta ilaa 600 rpm kaliya waxay keentay koror 1% ah, halka isticmaalka tamarta uu kordhay 20%.

4. Go'aaminta heerka kicinta ugu wanaagsan

4.1 Tixgelinta Astaamaha Macdanta

Heerka ugu walaaq ee ugu wanagsan ee leaching cyanide waxay ku xiran tahay dhowr arrimood, iyadoo sifooyinka macdanta ay tahay tixgelin koowaad. Macdanta leh cabbirrada walxaha waaweyn, heerka kicinta sare ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo si loo hubiyo in xalka cyanide uu geli karo daloollada oo uu la falgalo qaybaha gudaha ee qaybaha. Taas bedelkeeda, macdano ganaax leh, heerka kicinta hoose ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku filnaato si ay u ilaaliso qaybo ka mid ah joojinta oo kor u qaaddo wareejinta tirada. Intaa waxaa dheer, macdanta macdanta ayaa muhiim ah. Haddii macdanta ay ka kooban tahay macdan si fudud oksaydhaysan ama uga falcelisa cyanide si degdeg ah, heerka kicinta hoose ayaa laga yaabaa in loo isticmaalo si loo xakameeyo heerka falcelinta oo looga hortago isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah ee cyanide sodium.

4.2 Isku-dheellitirka Heerka Leaching iyo Qiimaha

Marka lagu daro sifooyinka macdanta, qiimaha - waxtarka habka leaching ayaa sidoo kale door ka ciyaara go'aaminta heerka ugu fiican ee kicinta. Heerarka sare ee kicinta guud ahaan waxay u baahan tahay tamar badan, taas oo kordhinaysa kharashka hawlgalka ee warshadda. Sidaa darteed, waxa loo baahan yahay in dheellitir la sameeyo inta u dhaxaysa gaaritaanka heerka dheecaanka sareeyo iyo yaraynta isticmaalka tamarta. Tani waxay inta badan ku lug leedahay samaynta falanqeyn dhaqaale oo tixgelinaya arrimo ay ka mid yihiin qiimaha birta la soo saaro, qiimaha sodium cyanide, iyo kharashka tamarta ee la xidhiidha heerarka kala duwan ee kicinta. Tusaale ahaan, haddii qiimaha dahabku sarreeyo oo qiimaha tamartuna uu yahay mid hooseeya, wax yar oo kicin ah ayaa la dooran karaa si loo kordhiyo heerka qulqulka dahabka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii qiimaha tamarta uu yahay walaac weyn, heerka kicinta hoose ayaa la dooran karaa xitaa haddii ay keento heer hoose oo dheecaan ah.

5. Caqabadaha la xidhiidha hagaajinta heerka kicinta

5.1 Xaddidaadda Qalabka

Mid ka mid ah caqabadaha hagaajinta heerka kicinta ayaa ah xaddidnaanta qalabka. Naqshadeynta taangiyada qulqulaya, awoodda matoorrada kaxeynaya kiciyeyaasha, iyo xoogga farsamada ee impellers ayaa dhammaan xaddidaya heerka kicinta ee la gaari karo. Xaaladaha qaarkood, cusboonaysiinta qalabka si loo gaaro heer sare ama ka badan oo saxan oo kicin ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato maalgashi raasumaal ah. Tusaale ahaan, haddii dhirtu ay rabto inay kordhiso heerka kicinta ee ka baxsan xadka ugu badan ee hadda, waxaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato in lagu beddelo matoorada kuwa ka xoog badan oo lagu rakibo impellers xooggan, taas oo noqon karta dadaal qaali ah.

5.2 Xasilooni la'aanta habka

Beddelidda heerka kicinta waxay sidoo kale u horseedi kartaa xasillooni darro. Korodhka degdega ah ama hoos u dhaca heerka kicinta ayaa carqaladayn kara hababka socodka ee haanta dareeraha, taasoo keenta qaybinta aan sinnayn ee qaybaha macdanta iyo xalka cyanide. Tani waxay keeni kartaa heerar dheecaan ah oo aan iswaafaqsanayn waxayna xitaa keeni kartaa samaynta meelo kulul ama meelaha qabow ee haanta, halkaas oo heerka falcelinta ay aad u sarayso ama aad u hoosayso. Tusaale ahaan, haddii heerka wax-karintu si degdeg ah hoos ugu dhacdo, qaybaha macdanta laga yaabaa inay bilaabaan inay degaan qaybo ka mid ah taangiga, taasoo keenta hoos u dhac ku yimaadda waxtarka leaching guud.

6. Gunaanad

Heerka kicinta ayaa saameyn weyn ku leh heerka leaching ee sodium cyanide ee habka cyanide leaching. Adiga oo kor u qaadaya wareejinta tirada badan iyo ka hortagga kala-soocidda walxaha, heerka kicinta ku habboon ayaa wanaajin kara waxtarka habka leaching. Si kastaba ha noqotee, go'aaminta heerka kicinta ugu fiican waxay u baahan tahay tixgelin taxaddar leh sifooyinka macdanta iyo qiimaha - waxtarka. Intaa waxaa dheer, caqabadaha sida xaddidaadaha qalabka iyo xasilloonida habsocodka waxay u baahan yihiin in wax laga qabto marka la hagaajinayo heerka kicinta. Cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah oo aaggan ah ayaa diiradda saari karta horumarinta tignoolajiyada kicinta waxtarka leh iyo wanaajinta guud ahaan habka leaching cyanide si loo hagaajiyo soo kabashada biraha qiimaha leh iyadoo la yareynayo saameynta deegaanka iyo kharashyada.