Kameho ea Liminerale Tse Amanang le Ts'ebetso ea Cyanide Leaching

Selelekela

Ho ntsha ha cyanide leaching ke mokhoa o sebediswang haholo ho ntsheng kgauta le silevera ho tswa ho ore. Leha ho le jwalo, boteng ba Diminerale tse Amanang tse fapaneng ka hara ore bo ka ama haholo bokgoni le katleho ya tshebetso ena. Ho utlwisisa ditlamorao tsena ho bohlokwa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ya ho ntsha ha cyanide le ho ntlafatsa ho kgutliswa ha ditshipi tsa bohlokwa.

Liminerale tsa tšepe

Pyrite

Pyrite ke diminerale e tloaelehileng ea tšepe-sulfide ka har'a mashala a nang le khauta. Nakong ea ho tsoa ha cyanide, ha pyrite e le ka har'a pulp, e ka oxidized ho etsa ferrous sulfate. Sulfate ena ea ferrous ebe e arabela le cyanide ho etsa ferrocyanate. Karabelo ena e ja Sodium Cyanide e ngata , e leng sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsoa ha khauta. Ho feta moo, ka ketso ea lime le moea, pyrite e ka boela ea fetoha sulfide e qhibilihang, sebabole sa colloidal, kapa thiosulfate. Ts'ebetso ena ea phetoho e sebelisa oksijene, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho qhibiliha ha khauta tsamaisong ea ho tsoa ha cyanide. Ka kakaretso, sena se na le tšusumetso e mpe katlehong ea ho tsoa ha khauta.

Pyrrhotite

Pyrrhotite ke diminerale e 'ngoe ea tšepe - sulfide e amang leaching ea cyanide. E sebetsana habonolo le cyanide ho hlahisa thiocyanate. Ho feta moo, ferrous sulfate e entsoeng ho tsoa ho oxidation ea eona e boetse e kopana le cyanide ho etsa ferrocyanate. Lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore pyrrhotite e ka baka ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khauta - tekanyo ea ho qhibiliha, mohlala, ho e fokotsa ka 28.1% maemong a mang. E boetse e lebisa keketsehong e kholo ea tšebeliso ea cyanide, hangata e e eketsa ka makhetlo a mane.

Liminerale tsa Koporo

Chalcopyrite le Chalcocite

Liminerale tsa koporo joalo ka chalcopyrite le chalcocite li na le phello e hlokomelehang ho cyanide leaching. Tharollo ea cyanide e ka qhala liminerale tsa koporo, empa sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha sea fapana. Chalcopyrite e batla e tsitsitse har'a liminerale tsa koporo sulfide, ha chalcocite e sebetsa haholoanyane. Ka tharollo ea cyanide, koporo ea liminerale tsena, hangata e le sebakeng sa divalent, ha e tsitsa. Koporo e arohileng e oxidize cyanide, e fetohela ho koporo e le 'ngoe ebe e etsa li-complexes tse nang le cyanide ka har'a makhasi. Bakeng sa chalcocite, e ka baka ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khauta - sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha, ho fihlela ho 36.81% litekong tse ling, le keketseho e leshome ea tšebeliso ea cyanide.

Malachite (Copper Oxide Mineral)

Malachite ke koporo e tloaelehileng - oxide mineral. E qhibiliha habonolo ka tharollo ea sodium - cyanide, e lebisang keketsehong e kholo ea tšebeliso ea cyanide. Karabelo pakeng tsa malachite le cyanide e sebelisa palo e kholo ea li-ion tsa cyanide. Ka lebaka leo, bobeli ba liminerale tsa koporo sulfide le copper oxide li ka ba le phello e mpe haholo ts'ebetsong ea cyanide - khauta.

Liminerale tsa Arsenic

Realgar le Orpiment

Realgar le orpiment li kotsi haholo ho leaching ea cyanide. Motsoakong o matla oa alkaline o sebelisetsoang ho qoelisoa ka cyanide, ba etsa metsoako e kang thioarsenite. Thioarsenite e khona ho itšoara ka oksijene ka tharollo ea ho etsa arsenite, e jang oksijene e ngata ka har'a mineral slurry. Hape, ha liminerale tsa arsenic li tšeloa ka har'a motsoako, filimi e entsoeng ka metsoako ea arsenic e hlaha holim'a likaroloana tsa khauta. Filimi ena e thibela ka ho toba khauta ho kopana le cyanide, e amang haholo ho qhibiliha ha khauta. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore realgar le orpiment li ka fokotsa khauta - sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha ka 41.95% le 49.90% ka ho latellana, le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea cyanide ka makhetlo a 13.8 le makhetlo a 15.0.

Arsenopyrite

Arsenopyrite ke arsenic e tloaelehileng - e nang le liminerale. Ho fapana le realgar le orpiment, arsenopyrite e batla e tsitsitse tsamaisong ea cyanide. Le hoja e na le arsenic, tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng a cyanide - leaching, ha e robehe habonolo 'me kahoo e na le tšusumetso e nyenyane ho leaching ea cyanide ha e bapisoa le liminerale tse ling tse nang le arsenic.

Liminerale tse etellang pele

Galena le Lead Alum

Galena le lead alum ke tsona tse etellang pele - tse nang le liminerale merafong ea khauta. Galena e ka ba oxidized ho lead alum. Ka tharollo e matla ea alkaline, lead alum e ka hlahisa loto ea alkaline - letsoai la asiti, le kopanang le cyanide ka tharollo ho theha matla a sa qhibiliheng - alkaline cyanide. Palo e nyenyane ea liminerale tsa loto e hlile e ka thusa ho tsoa ha cyanide merafong ea khauta. Leha ho le joalo, bongata bo boholo ba liminerale tsa loto bo tla ama ts'ebetso ea khauta - ho tsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ka ho sebelisa cyanide 'me mohlomong ho etsa lipula tse ka sitisang ts'ebetso ea leaching.

Antimony - E Nang le Liminerale

Stibnite

Stibnite ke antimony e ka sehloohong - e nang le diminerale ea sulfide. Ts'ebetsong ea cyanide - leaching, litlamorao tsa eona tse mpe li tšoana le tsa orpiment. E qhibiliha habonolo ka tharollo e matla - alkaline ho hlahisa thioantimonite, e ntan'o tšeloa oxidized ho feta antimonite. Ho feta moo, likaroloana tse mpe tsa stibnite colloidal tse ka har'a tharollo ea alkaline - cyanide li ka khomarela bokaholimo ba likaroloana tsa khauta, 'me tsa thibela khauta ho qhibiliha.

Lintho tsa Carbon

Merafo ea khauta e ka 'na ea ba le lintho tse nang le khabone , ho kenyeletsoa khabone e sa pheleng le khabone ea tlhaho joalo ka humic acid. Ha lintho tsena tse nang le khabone li le teng, li ka monya khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng ka har'a tharollo ea cyanide. Sena se fokotsa sekhahla sa ho lutla ha khauta ka har'a tharollo, e leng ketsahalo e tsejoang e le "bosholu ba khauta." Lintho tse nang le khabone li qothisana lehlokoa le mokhoa oa ho ntša khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng, e leng se lebisang tahlehelong ea ho hlaphoheloa ha khauta.

Maano a ho Fokotsa Tšusumetso ea Liminerale Tse Amanang

Phekolo ea Pele ea Ores

• Phekolo ea Oxidation : Bakeng sa liminerale tse nang le tšepe - sulfide, arsenic, kapa antimony, phekolo ea oxidation e ka ba molemo. Oxidation e senya liminerale tsena, e lokolla khauta e koetsoeng le ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa tsona tse kotsi ho leaching ea cyanide. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea phekolo ea oxidation e kenyelletsa ho besa, oxidation ea khatello, le oxidation ea bio.

• Koporo - Ho ntsha koporo pele e ntsha : Tabeng ya majwe a nang le koporo e ngata, ho ntsha koporo pele ho ntsha koporo ho ka etswa. Ka ho tlosa koporo pele ho ntsha cyanide, bongata ba cyanide bo jewang ke diminerale tsa koporo bo ka fokotswa, ka hona ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba ho ntsha cyanide ya kgauta.

Optimization ea Cyanide - Leaching Conditions

• Ho Fetola Litekanyo tsa Reagent : Ho latela mofuta le bongata ba liminerale tse amanang le tsona, bongata ba cyanide le li-reagent tse ling bo ka fetoloa. Mohlala, ha ho na le liminerale tse ngata tsa koporo, ho eketsa tekanyo ea cyanide hanyane ha u ntse u laola boleng ba pH ho ka thusa ho netefatsa hore khauta e qhibiliha ka katleho.

• Ho Laola Maemo a Maqeba : Ho laola mahloriso a maqeba, mocheso le lebelo la ho hlohlelletsa le hona ho bohlokoa. Mahloriso a nepahetseng a maqeba a etsa bonnete ba hore cyanide le oksijene li ka ata ka katleho ka har'a maqeba. Ho boloka mocheso o loketseng (hangata 15 - 30 °C) ho leka-lekanya lebelo leo khauta e qhibilihang ka lona le botsitso ba tharollo ea cyanide.

Tšebeliso ea li-additives

• Lintho tse Eketsoang ho Thibela Likarabelo tsa Liminerale : Lintho tse eketsoang tse kang letsoai la loto li ka sebelisoa ho thibela liminerale tse ling tse kotsi ho arabela. Mohlala, ho eketsa lead acetate ho ka arabela le li-ion tsa sulfide ho tsoa ho senyeha ha liminerale tse nang le sebabole, ho etsa li-precipitate tsa lead-sulfide tse sa qhibiliheng. Sena se fokotsa bongata ba cyanide le oksijene tseo liminerale tse nang le sebabole li li jang.

• Li-Adsorbent tse Hlolisanang : Tabeng ea li-ore tse nang le lintho tse nang le khabone, ho eketsa li-adsorbent tse hlolisanang tse kang Khabone e Activated nakong ea ho qhibilihisa cyanide ho ka fokotsa phello ea "khauta-tlatlapuoa". Khabone e activated e qothisana lehlokoa le khabone e ka har'a ore bakeng sa khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng, ka hona e eketsa sekhahla sa ho qhibilihisa khauta.

fihlela qeto e

Liminerale tse amanang le ore ea khauta le silevera li na le litlamorao tse fapaneng le tse kholo tšebetsong ea cyanide - leaching. Iron, koporo, arsenic, lead, antimony - e nang le liminerale le lintho tsa khabone kaofela li ka ama ts'ebetso ea leaching ka ho sebelisa li-reagents, ho thibela khauta ho kopana le cyanide, kapa ho monya khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng. Leha ho le joalo, ka mekhoa e nepahetseng ea kalafo, ho ntlafatsa maemo a leaching, le tšebeliso ea li-additives, litlamorao tsena tse mpe li ka fokotsoa. Sena se nolofalletsa ho ntšoa ha khauta le silevera ho tsoa ho lirafshoa tse rarahaneng, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea moruo ea ts'ebetso ea merafo.