Sodium Cyanide: K'hemik'hale e Matla e nang le Likopo tse fapaneng tsa indasteri

Selelekela

Sodium cyanide , e emeloang ka lik'hemik'hale e le NaCN, ke motsoako o mosoeu oa kristale o nang le boemo ba bohlokoa liindastering tse fapaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang ea lik'hemik'hale. Ho sa tsotellehe botumo ba eona bo tummeng ba hore ke ntho e chefo haholo, sodium cyanide e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse kang merafo, tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale le ho penta ka motlakase. Sengoloa sena se hlahloba thepa, lits'ebetso tsa indasteri , likotsi le mehato ea polokeho e amanang le Sodium Cyanide.

Mefuta ea Lik'hemik'hale

Sodium cyanide ke motsoako o sa pheleng o leng sehlopheng sa cyanide . O thehoa ka karabelo ea sodium hydroxide le hydrogen cyanide. Motsoako ona o qhibiliha haholo metsing, 'me karabelo ea oona le li-acid ke ea bohlokoa haholo. Ha Sodium cyanide e arabela le li-acid, e ka hlahisa khase e bolaeang ea hydrogen cyanide.

Sodium cyanide e boetse e na le bokhoni ba ho arabela le litšepe tse itseng. Haholo-holo, ha oksijene e le teng, e ka qhala khauta le silevera, ea etsa metsoako e rarahaneng ea cyanide. Thepa ena e sebelisoa hampe indastering ea merafo ea khauta.

Likopo tsa Liindasteri

Meepo ea Khauta

E 'ngoe ea litšebeliso tse hlahelletseng tsa sodium cyanide ke indastering ea merafo ea khauta. Mokhoa oa "cyanide leaching process" o sebelisoa haholo ho ntša khauta oleng. Ts'ebetsong ena, sodium cyanide e sebelisoa ho qhaqha likaroloana tsa khauta ka har'a ore, ho etsa metsoako ea khauta e qhibilihang ea cyanide. Li-complexes tsena li ka aroloa ho matrix a ore ebe li sebetsoa hape ho fumana khauta e hloekileng. Ts'ebetso ea ho ntša cyanide e sebetsa hantle haholo ebile e na le litšenyehelo tse ngata, e leng se etsang hore e be tloaelo e tloaelehileng mesebetsing ea merafo ea khauta lefatšeng ka bophara. Leha ho le joalo, e boetse e hlahisa mathata a tikoloho le polokeho ka lebaka la chefo ea sodium cyanide.

K'hemik'hale ea Lik'hemik'hale

Sodium cyanide e sebetsa e le selelekela sa bohlokoa ka har'a motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale. E sebelisoa ho hlahisa mefuta e mengata ea lihlahisoa tse fumanoang liindastering tse fapaneng. Ka indasteri ea meriana, metsoako ea cyanide - e nkiloeng e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lithethefatsi tse kang penicillin, vithamine B6. le folic acid. Ka indasteri ea agrochemical, sodium cyanide e kenya letsoho tlhahisong ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana joaloka glyphosate le cyanofenphos. Ho feta moo, e bapala karolo ea ho etsoa ha dae le mebala e kang indigo le phthalocyanine blue.

electroplating

Ho electroplating, sodium cyanide ke karolo ea bohlokoa. E sebelisoa ha ho etsoa litšepe tse kang khauta, silevera, koporo le zinki holim'a litšepe tse ling. Sodium cyanide e thusa ho theha seaparo sa tšepe se ts'oanang le se khomarelang ka ho nolofatsa ho kenngoa ha li-ion tsa tšepe ho tloha electrolyte holim'a substrate. E boetse e thusa ho laola lebelo la deposition le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba lera plated. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la chefo ea eona, mekhoa e meng ea "non-cyanide electroplating" e ntse e ntlafatsoa le ho amoheloa maemong a mang.

Likotsi le Mehato ea Tšireletseho

Tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide e tla le likotsi tse kholo ka lebaka la chefo ea eona e feteletseng. Ho hema, ho e noa, kapa ho ama letlalo ka sodium cyanide kapa litharollo tsa eona ho ka bolaea. Hang ha e le ka har'a 'mele, sodium cyanide e ikarola ho lokolla li-ion tsa cyanide. Li-ion tsena li tlama ho enzyme e amehang ho phefumoloheng ha lisele, ho sitisa tšebetso ea enzyme. Sena se thibela lisele ho sebelisa oksijene, e lebisang ho hypoxia ea lisele le lefu.

Ho netefatsa polokeho ha o sebetsana le sodium cyanide, ho tlameha ho lateloe liprothokholo tse thata. Basebetsi ba amehang tlhahisong, lipalangong kapa tšebelisong ea sodium cyanide ba lokela ho fumana koetliso e felletseng mabapi le likotsi tsa eona le mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho sebetsana le eona. Thepa ea ts'ireletso ea motho (PPE), ho kenyeletsoa liatlana, likhalase le tšireletso ea phefumoloho, li tlameha ho apesoa ka linako tsohle. Mehaho ea polokelo ea sodium cyanide e lokela ho ba le moea o motle, o sireletsehileng, le ho etsoa ho thibela ho lutla le ho qhalana. Haeba ho tšolloa kapa ho lokolloa, mehato e loketseng ea karabelo ea tšohanyetso, joalo ka ho thibela le ho fokotsa ho sebelisoa lik'hemik'hale tse loketseng joalo ka sodium thiosulfate, e lokela ho kengoa ts'ebetsong hang-hang.

Tšusumetso ea tikoloho

Ho lahla ho sa lokelang ha sodium cyanide ho ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe tsa tikoloho. Haeba e ka lokolloa metsing, sodium cyanide e ka qhibiliha 'me ea lokolla li-ion tsa cyanide, tse chefo haholo bophelong ba metsing. Esita le maemong a tlaase, cyanide e ka lematsa litlhapi, liphoofolo tse se nang lesapo la mokokotlo le lintho tse ling tse phelang metsing, e leng se sitisang tikoloho ea metsing. Mobu, sodium cyanide le eona e ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe ho likokoana-hloko tsa mobu le kholo ea limela.

Liindasteri tse sebelisang sodium cyanide li tlameha ho latela melao e thata ea tikoloho. Melao ena e laola ho bolokoa, ho sebetsana le ho lahla sodium cyanide ho fokotsa ho lokolloa ha eona tikolohong. Mekhoa ea kalafo ea cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila, joalo ka oxidation ea lik'hemik'hale, kalafo ea baeloji, le phapanyetsano ea ion, e sebelisoa ho tlosa kapa ho tlosa chefo ea cyanide pele metsi a litšila a tsoa.

Likarolo tsa Taolo

Ka lebaka la chefo e phahameng le likotsi tse ka bang teng tikolohong, sodium cyanide e tlas'a melao e thata maemong a machaba, a naha le a libaka. Melao ena e akaretsa likarolo tsohle tsa sodium cyanide, ho tloha tlhahiso ea eona le lipalangoang ho ea ho tšebeliso ea eona le ho lahla. Ka mohlala, United States, Setsi sa Tšireletso ea Tikoloho (EPA) le Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) li thehile melao ea ho etsa bonnete ba ho tšoaroa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng oa sodium cyanide. Liindasteri tse sebelisang sodium cyanide li tlameha ho ikamahanya le melaoana ena, e kenyeletsang litlhoko tsa ho ngola mangolo, ho boloka, le moralo oa karabo ea tšohanyetso.

Mefuta e meng ea Sodium Cyanide

Ka lebaka la likotsi tse amanang le sodium cyanide, ho na le thahasello e ntseng e eketseha ea ho hlahisa le ho sebelisa lintho tse ling. Ka indasteri ea merafo ea khauta, mohlala, thiosulfate leaching e ntse e hlahlojoa e le mokhoa o mong oa ho ntša cyanide leaching. Thiosulfate ke reagent e nang le chefo e fokolang e ka sebelisoang hape ho ntša khauta ore. Leha ho le joalo, thiosulfate leaching e na le mathata a eona, joalo ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa reagent le taolo e rarahaneng ea ts'ebetso. Mekhoa e meng e ntseng e fuputsoa e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea mekhoa ea bioleaching, e itšetlehileng ka likokoana-hloko ho ntša litšepe ho tloha ores, le li-non-cyanide lixiviants tse kang litharollo tse thehiloeng halide.

fihlela qeto e

Sodium cyanide ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o matla o nang le mefuta e mengata ea liindasteri. Mehaho ea eona e ikhethang ea lik'hemik'hale e etsa hore e be ea bohlokoa haholo meepong ea khauta, motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale le electroplating. Leha ho le joalo, chefo ea eona e feteletseng le monyetla oa ho senya tikoloho li hloka mehato e tiileng ea polokeho le ho latela melao. Ha liindasteri li ntse li tsoela pele ho batla mekhoa e meng e tsitsitseng le e sireletsehileng haholoanyane, lipatlisiso tsa ho nkela sodium cyanide sebaka ka lintho tse seng kotsi haholo li ntse li tsoela pele. Khabareng, ho ts'oaroa hantle, ho boloka le ho lahla sodium cyanide ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa likotsi bophelong ba batho le tikolohong.