Ukuqonda Izitayela Zemakethe Ye-Sodium Cyanide Esifundeni Sase-Afrika

Ukwenyuka Kwesidingo Emisebenzini Yezimayini Zegolide

Imboni yezimayini zegolide ibilokhu iyisishoshovu esiyinhloko sokufunwa kwe- sodium cyanide e-Afrika. I-Afrika kancane kancane iba yisikhungo esibalulekile semisebenzi yezimayini yomhlaba wonke. Enqubweni yamakhemikhali yokukhishwa kwegolide , i-Sodium Cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ngenqubo yokukhipha . Kule nqubo, i-ore ichotshozwa ibe yimpuphu ecolekileyo bese iphathwa ngesisombululo se -Sodium cyanide ukuze kwakhiwe ama-compounds egolide ancibilikayo emanzini. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokukhipha ezinye izindlela, le nqubo ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuphila kwayo kwezomnotho, ukulula kokusebenza, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Ngo-2021, imboni yezimayini zegolide e-Afrika ibonise amandla amakhulu, ngokukhiqizwa kwegolide okungamathani angu-680.3. Phakathi kwazo, iGhana yaba ngumhlinzeki wesibili ngobukhulu wegolide e-Afrika ngo-2022, ngokukhiqizwa okungamathani angu-90.

INtshonalanga Afrika isibe yindawo eyinhloko yokuhlola igolide. Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lemithombo yayo yamaminerali ayikathuthukiswa, idonsele inani elikhulu lokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwengqalasizinda yezimayini kulesi sifunda kubonakala ngephothifoliyo yayo emangalisayo yezimpahla zegolide, okuhlanganisa amaphrojekthi angu-367 esigabeni sokuhlola, izimpahla ezingu-24 ezihlolwa ngokwezomnotho, kanye nezimpahla ezingu-61 ezigabeni zokukhiqiza noma zokwakha. Imisebenzi emikhulu yezimayini njengemayini yegolide yaseSouth Deep, imayini yegolide yaseKromdraai, kanye nemayini yegolide yaseMponeng eNingizimu Afrika iqhubeka nokuqhuba isidingo se-sodium cyanide ezinqubweni zayo zokukhipha. Ukuba khona kwezinkampani eziningi zezimayini zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemiklamo emisha yezimayini kuqinisa kakhulu umbono wesidingo sama-reagents ezimayini embonini yezimayini zegolide kulesi sifunda.

Ukwandisa Isidingo Sokusetshenziswa Ku-Chemical and Polymer Synthesis

Imboni yamakhemikhali ingumthombo obalulekile wokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Afrika, lapho imboni yamakhemikhali ithatha cishe ama-25% okuthengiswa kwezwe. I-sodium cyanide (i-NaCN) inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwama-polymers, i-cyanuric chloride, ne-cyanogen chloride. Ingqalasizinda yezimboni eqinile yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nesikhundla sayo njengenye yezindawo ezinkulu zemboni yamakhemikhali e-Afrika inikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali. Imithombo yezinto ezingavuthiwe eningi kanye nokwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kudala ngokuqhubekayo inani elikhulu lamathuba okukhula embonini yamakhemikhali kuleli zwe.

Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwemboni yokukhiqiza amapulasitiki e-Afrika kuqhubekela phambili kukhuthaza isidingo se-sodium cyanide ekuhlanganiseni kwe-polymer nezinye izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. Imboni yamakhemikhali, njengengxenye ebalulekile ekhuphuka nomfula yazo zombili izimboni zezimayini nezolimo, yakha isisekelo sesidingo esihlukene samakhemikhali okucubungula igolide. Abakhiqizi bamakhemikhali abakhulu njenge-Sasol, esebenza ngezikhungo zokukhiqiza i-sodium cyanide ngokuhambisana ne-International Cyanide Management Code, bahlangabezana ngokuqhubekayo nesidingo esikhulayo sokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemboni yamakhemikhali nezinye izingxenye zezimboni, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kukadayi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-agrochemical, kuqhubezela phambili ukuqhubeza ukusetshenziswa kwama-reagents ezimayini ekusetshenzisweni kokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi emkhakheni wokuhlinzeka nge-sodium cyanide yomhlaba wonke, uShaanxi United Chemical ugqama njengomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili nabaphakeli be-sodium cyanide. Le nkampani ifakwe izimboni eziqeqeshiwe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili, nezinhlelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi, futhi iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo ye-sodium cyanide esezingeni eliphezulu futhi ethengekayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imboni yezimayini zegolide noma amasimu amakhemikhali kanye ne-polymer synthesis, i-Shaanxi United Chemical ingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende ahlukahlukene ngemikhiqizo yayo yekhwalithi ephezulu futhi ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene.