Yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kub Cyanidation Leaching

Kub cyanidation leaching, lub hauv paus txheej txheem hauv kev lag luam kub mining, cuam tshuam cov kub yaj hauv dej. cyanide tshuaj kom rho tawm cov hlau muaj nuj nqis. Txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm txoj kev no yuav raug rau ntau yam tseem ceeb uas cov mining engineers thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj. Kev nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab txo cov nqi ua haujlwm.

1. Cyanide Concentration

Lub concentration ntawm cyanide nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj leaching yog ib tug thawj txiav txim ntawm kub extraction efficiency. Cyanide ions tsim kev ruaj khov nrog kub, ua rau nws tawg. Feem ntau, nce Cyanide concentration txhim khu kev rho tawm kub. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sib raug zoo no tsis yog linear. Thaum tsis tshua muaj siab, tsis txaus complexation tshwm sim, ua rau tsis tiav kub dissolution. Piv txwv li, cov qib siab cyanide ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi ua haujlwm nce ntxiv, kev phom sij ib puag ncig vim muaj peev xwm cyanide to, thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem kub rov qab.

Feem ntau, cyanide concentration ntawm 0.01% - 0.1% yog pom zoo rau feem ntau kub ores. Rau refractory ores nrog complex mineralogical compositions, yuav tsum tau ntau dua concentrations, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau ceev faj saib xyuas kom sib npaug extraction efficiency nrog ib puag ncig thiab economic cuam tshuam.

2. Qib pH ntawm cov Pulp

Kev tswj hwm qib pH tsim nyog hauv cyanidation pulp yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib cais kub. Cyanide daws yog pH heev - rhiab heev; ntawm qhov pH qis, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), cov tshuaj tsis haum thiab tshuaj lom, cov ntaub ntawv, txo qhov muaj dawb cyanide ions rau kub complexation. Tsis tas li ntawd, acidic tej yam kev mob tuaj yeem ua rau tawg ntawm lwm yam minerals, xws li hlau thiab tooj liab, uas tej zaum yuav haus cyanide thiab cuam tshuam nrog kub extraction.

Ib puag ncig alkaline me ntsis, nrog pH ntau ntawm 10 - 11. yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kub cyanidation. Cov txiv qaub feem ntau yog siv los ua tus tswj hwm pH vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj hwm alkalinity, tus nqi - kev ua tau zoo, thiab nws lub peev xwm los tua cov oxidation ntawm sulfide minerals uas yuav txwv tsis pub sib tw nrog kub rau cyanide.

3. Oxygen Supply

Oxygen yog ib qho tseem ceeb reactant nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kub cyanidation, yooj yim oxidation ntawm kub los ua soluble kub - cyanide complexes. Cov pa oxygen txaus ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nyiaj kub dissolution. Thaum tsis muaj cov pa oxygen txaus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi yog qhov txwv tsis pub, ua rau txo qis kub rov qab.

Cov txheej txheem los xyuas kom muaj cov pa oxygen muaj xws li cua agitation, oxygen txhaj, thiab siv cov oxidizing agents. Huab cua agitation yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws thiab tus nqi - txoj hauv kev zoo, tab sis kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ua haujlwm loj, kev txhaj tshuaj oxygen ntshiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov pa oxygen yog nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li hom ore, tsob nroj muaj peev xwm, thiab kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.

4. Particle Loj ntawm Ore

Qhov loj me me ntawm cov ore ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem cyanidation. Cov me me me me ua rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw muaj rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kub thiab cov tshuaj cyanide, ua kom lub zog tawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib tsoo ntau dhau kom ua tiav qhov loj me me uas ua rau cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov slimes, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kub - cyanide complex tsim thiab cov khoom tom qab - kua sib cais.

Qhov sib npaug yuav tsum raug ntaus; Feem ntau, kev sib tsoo cov ore mus rau qhov loj me qhov twg 80 - 90% ntawm cov khoom dhau los ntawm 74 - μm sieve (200 - mesh) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau feem ntau cov haujlwm kub cyanidation. Qhov no ua kom cov cheeb tsam txaus txaus thaum tuav lub zog noj thiab tsim cov slime hauv kev txheeb xyuas.

5. Ntsig Kub

Kub cuam tshuam rau kinetics ntawm kub cyanidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev kub siab dua feem ntau nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, raws li lawv muab ntau lub zog kinetic rau cov reactant molecules, ua kom lub zog ntawm kub - cyanide complexes. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas kub siab kuj tseem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cyanide, ua rau muaj kev poob qis dua cyanide thiab muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai.

Hauv kev xyaum, kub cyanidation feem ntau yog ua los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias vim yog kev lag luam tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi nce thiab nce cyanide noj. Rau qee cov ores lossis hauv kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, qhov ntsuas kub nruab nrab (txog 40 - 50 ° C) tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev rho tawm thaum ua tib zoo tswj cyanide evaporation thiab kev nyab xeeb cov txheej txheem.

6. Mineralogical Composition ntawm Ore

Lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau yam minerals nyob rau hauv lub ore tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kub cyanidation. Sulfide minerals, xws li pyrite thiab arsenopyrite, tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog cyanide thiab oxygen, noj cov tshuaj reagents thiab txo cov txiaj ntsig kub rho tawm. Qee cov zaub mov kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj tsis sib haum nrog kub lossis cyanide, tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kub soluble - cyanide complexes.

Cov txheej txheem ua ntej kev kho mob, xws li roasting, siab oxidation, los yog bio - oxidation, tej zaum yuav ua hauj lwm los rhuav tshem refractory minerals thiab tso occluded kub, txhim khu kev ua tau zoo ntawm cyanidation. Nkag siab txog cov mineralogy tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ore yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov kev kho mob ua ntej thiab ua kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem cyanidation.

Thaum xaus, Kub cyanidation leaching yog ib tug complex txheej txheem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam interrelated yam. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tswj cyanide concentration, pulp pH, oxygen mov, ore particle loj, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab hais txog cov teeb meem mineralogical, kev ua haujlwm tsuas tuaj yeem ua kom kub zoo dua, txhim kho kev lag luam rov qab, thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ib puag ncig. Kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua thiab thev naus laus zis hauv daim teb no txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem no ntxiv thiab kov yeej cov kev txwv cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem kub cyanidation.