Sodium Cyanide (NaCN): Tlhahiso le Likopo tse sa tšoaneng

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o nang le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng. Bohlokoa ba eona bo ka har'a likarolo tsa eona tse ikhethang tsa lik'hemik'hale tse e nolofalletsang ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse kang organic synthesis, ho hloekisa tšepe le tse ling.

I. Likopo tsa NaCN

A. Organic Synthesis

NaCN e sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea lintho tse phelang. E sebetsa e le sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa ho etsa lintho tse phelang k'habone-ditlamo tsa khabone, tse dumellang borakhemistri ho theha dimolek'hule tse rarahaneng tsa tlhaho. Sena se bohlokwa bakeng sa tlhahiso ya meriana, dikhemikhale tse ntle, le metswako e meng e mengata ya tlhaho. Mohlala, tlhahisong ya meriana e itseng, NaCN e sebediswa ho hlahisa dihlopha tse itseng tse sebetsang, tse bohlokwa bakeng sa katleho ya moriana.

B. Ho Hloekisa Khauta le Silevera

Indastering ea merafo, NaCN e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntšoa le ho hloekisoa ha khauta le silevera. Mokhoa ona, o tsejoang e le cyanidation, o kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha khauta le silevera ho tloha ores ea bona ka tharollo ea Sodium cyanide. Mokhoa ona o sebetsa hantle haholo 'me o amoheloa haholo mesebetsing e meholo ea merafo lefatšeng ka bophara. E lumella ho arohana ha lirafshoa tsa bohlokoa ho tsoa ho liminerale tse ling tse teng ka har'a ore, e leng se lebisang ho hlahisoeng ha khauta e hloekileng le silevera.

C. Electroplating

NaCN e boetse ke karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsa electroplating. E thusa ho beha lera le tšesaane la tšepe holim'a substrate. Ka electroplating, li-ion tsa cyanide tse NaCN tse rarahaneng tse nang le li-ion tsa tšepe, tse nolofatsang ho behoa ha tsona ka mokhoa o tšoanang holim'a ntho e pentiloeng. Sena se fella ka ho roala tšepe e boreleli le e khomarelang, e sebelisetsoang merero ea ho khabisa, tšireletso ea kutu, le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea motlakase ea ntho e pentiloeng.

D. Lisebelisoa tse ling

Ho phaella ho tse ka holimo, NaCN e sebelisoa kalafo ea mocheso oa tšepe ho fetola thepa ea holim'a tšepe. E boetse e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lidae, chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, e le sethibela-mafu ho flotation ea tšepe e seng ferrous, ha ho etsoa methyl methacrylate resin, le ho etsa potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate of potash).

II. Lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa tsa Raw bakeng sa Tlhahiso ea NaCN

A. Hydrocyanic Acid

E 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tsa tlhahiso ea NaCN ke asiti ea hydrocyanic (HCN). Hona joale, karolo e kholo ea hydrocyanic acid e fumanoa e le sehlahisoa se tsoang ho tlhahiso ea acrylonitrile (CH₂=CHCN). Ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea acrylonitrile, palo ea lihlahisoa tsa hydrocyanic acid e ka bang 10% ea tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea acrylonitrile. Sehlahisoa sena se ntse se sebetsoa hape ho hlahisa NaCN.

B. Mehloli e meng

Libakeng tseo maemo a leng matle, hydrocyanic acid e ka boela ea etsoa ka khase ea tlhaho le ammonia. Mokhoa ona o mong o fana ka mohloli o eketsehileng oa hydrocyanic acid bakeng sa tlhahiso ea NaCN. Ho qaptjoa ha hydrocyanic acid ho tsoa linthong tsena tse tala ho kenyelletsa liphetoho tse rarahaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale tse hlokang maemo a itseng a karabelo le li-catalysts.

Ha re phethela, sodium cyanide ke k'hemik'hale e sebetsang ka mefuta-futa e nang le lisebelisoa tse fihlang hōle liindastering tse ngata. Tlhahiso ea NaCN e amana haufi-ufi le ho fumaneha ha lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa, haholo-holo hydrocyanic acid, e ka fumanoang ho tsoa ho lihlahisoa tsa acrylonitrile kapa tse entsoeng ka khase ea tlhaho le ammonia. Ha liindasteri li ntse li tsoela pele ho fetoha, bohlokoa ba NaCN ho nolofalletsa mekhoa e fapaneng ea lik'hemik'hale e ka 'na ea tsoela pele.