Ukoyisa ukuNqanaba kwamanzi kunye noBunzima be-Ore kwiCandelo leGolide laseNamibia: Izisombululo eziPhambili zokuKhupha
INamibia yinkwenkwezi ekhulayo kwihlabathi liphela kwezombiwa kwegolide, inemisebenzi ekumgangatho wehlabathi efana noMgodi weGolide waseNavachab kwiNgingqi yase-Erongo, uMgodi we-Otjikoto osebenza kakuhle kakhulu weB2Gold kwiNgingqi yase-Otjozondjupa, kunye neeprojekthi eziphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza ezifana neTwin Hills ze-Osino Resources . Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwezityalo zesinyithi eNamibia kuzisa iseti eyahlukileyo yemingeni enzima yokusingqongileyo kunye neyejoloji efuna ii-reagents ezikhethekileyo zeekhemikhali.
KwiziNgcali zeMetallurgists eziPhambili kunye naBaphathi beZityalo eNamibia, iindawo ezintathu ezibalulekileyo zentlungu zilawula imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Okokuqala, Ukunqongophala Kwamanzi Okugqithisileyo kunye nokuHlaziya Okunzulu: Ezikwindawo eyomileyo kakhulu, entlango, izityalo zegolide zaseNamibia kufuneka ziphinde zihlaziye amanzi ngamandla. Oku kukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kweemeko ze-hypersaline kunye neentsimbi ezisisiseko eziyingozi kwiisekethe ze-CIL (Carbon-in-Leach), ezithintela kakhulu i-kinetics ye-gold leaching kwaye zikhuphe kakhulu i -Carbon esebenzayo . Okwesibini, i-Complex Skarn Ore Mineralogy: Iidiphozithi ezifana neNavachab zibonakaliswa yimithambo ye-skarn eyinkimbinkimbi kunye ne-quartz-sulfide. Ezi ores zihlala ziqulathe ubuninzi be-cyanicides (ezifana ne-copper kunye ne-pyrrhotite) ezidla i-cyanide yamahhala ngamandla , iindleko zokusebenza zinyuka kakhulu. Okwesithathu, Imithetho Engqongqo Yokukhusela Amanzi Aphantsi Komhlaba yaseNamibia: UMphathiswa Wezendalo, Amahlathi kunye noKhenketho waseNamibia (MEFT) unyanzelisa imithetho enzima malunga nokugcinwa kwe-tailings kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, okwenza ulawulo lweekhemikhali eziyingozi zemveli lube ngumthwalo omkhulu wokulungiselela kunye nowemali.
United Chemical iye yaqulunqa uluhlu olujoliswe kuzo lwee-reagents zokucubungula igolide ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukoyisa iinyani ezinzima zokwembiwa kwemigodi eNamibia. Ngokudibanisa ubunyulu obuphezulu Isodium cyanide, ihlala ixesha elide kakhulu Ikhabhoni esebenzayo, kunye neearhente zokukhupha igolide ezingenabungozi, siqinisekisa ukubuyiswa kwegolide okuphezulu, inkunkuma encinci ye-reagent, kunye nokuthobela ngokupheleleyo indalo.
I-Matrix yeKhemikhali ePhambili kwiZityalo zeGolide zaseNamibia
I-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Ukucubungula ii-ore ze-scarn ezintsonkothileyo zeDamara Belt kufuna i-lixiviant enobunyulu obungagungqiyo ukuze kugcinwe amanqanaba e-cyanide asimahla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa idosi eninzi.
Ukoyisa Ukusetyenziswa kweCyanicide Okuphezulu: Ngobunyulu obuqinisekisiweyo be-≥98.3%, i-AuCyan™ inika ii-ions ze-CN⁻ ezisebenzayo eziphezulu. Oku kunciphisa ukwakheka kwee-complexes ze-base-metal thiocyanate ezingafunekiyo, kuqinisekisa ukuba isixa esiphezulu se-reagent sinikezelwe kuphela ekunyibilikeni kwegolide, kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga okusetyenziswa kwitoni nganye ye-ore egayiweyo.
Ukuthobela imiqathango yokungenisa impahla eWalvis Bay: Ipakishwe kwiidrama zentsimbi ezomeleleyo ezivavanyiweyo ngokungqongqo, eziqinisekiswe yi-UN kunye neengxowa zePVC zangaphakathi ezinzima, i-AuCyan™ yenzelwe ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo bentlango yaseNamib ngexesha lokuthutha ukusuka kwiZibuko laseWalvis Bay ukuya kwiindawo zeemigodi ezikude.
I-AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (≥99% Ubulukhuni)
Kwiisekethe zeCIL ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwamanzi eNamibia, ikhabhoni esebenzayo ifumana ityuwa eninzi kunye nokushukunyiswa ngamandla koomatshini. Ikhabhoni engaphantsi ikhokelela ekulahlekelweni yigolide okukhulu.
Ukungaphelelwa ngamandla kwiisekethe zeHypersaline: Yenziwe nge-premium, i-Indonesian Coconut Shell enobunzima obuphezulu , i-AuCarb™ ifumana umlinganiselo obalaseleyo wobunzima be-≥99%. Ihlala injalo nangona iqhubeka nokupompa kunye nokushukuma okuphezulu, okususa ukuveliswa kwee-carbon fines ezinegolide ezihlala zilahleka kwidama leengxangxasi.
Ukuxhathisa i-Organic Fouling: Ulwakhiwo lwe-macro kunye ne-micro-pore oluyilwe ngokuchanekileyo lwe-AuCarb™ luqinisekisa i-kinetics ye-gold adsorption ekhawulezayo [Au(CN)₂⁻], oluphumelela ngempumelelo kwi-organic kunye ne-inorganic fouling ezifumaneka rhoqo emanzini aseNamibia aphinda asetyenziswe kakhulu.
I-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) - Ayinabungozi
Ukukhusela amachibi asentlango aseNamibia abuthathaka yinto ephambili kuzwelonke. I-AuLeach™ ibonelela ngenye indlela yokukhupha amanzi engena-cyanide ehambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nemigaqo engqongqo ye-MEFT.
Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba akhuselekile kwaye akanayo i-cyanide: Njenge-reagent eqinisekisiweyo engenabungozi, i-AuLeach™ isusa umngcipheko wokuntywila kwe-cyanide enetyhefu kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ezibalulekileyo. Inciphisa kakhulu iindleko kunye nobunzima bolawulo lweTailings Storage Facility (TSF) kunye neemfuno zokucoca i-cyanide (inkqubo ye-INCO).
Izinto Ezingenazingxabano ezivela eWalvis Bay: Ngenxa yokuba i-AuLeach™ ayihlelwa njengeeMpahla eziyingozi zeKlasi 6.1, idlula iinkqubo ezinde ezivumela i-hazmat kwiZibuko laseWalvis Bay. Oku kuqinisekisa ukususwa ngokukhawuleza, iindleko zokuthutha ezingabizi kakhulu ngaphakathi elizweni, kunye nokufumaneka kwangoko kwemisebenzi yezityalo ngaphandle kokufuna ukulungiswa kwemali.
Isikhungo sezothutho esilungisiweyo: Izibuko laseWalvis Bay ukuya kwiSango leMine
Kwilizwe elikhulu njengeNamibia, izinto ezithembekileyo zokuhambisa impahla zibaluleke kakhulu njengococeko lweekhemikhali. United Chemical isebenzisa inzuzo yeqhinga le Izibuko laseWalvis Bay ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwe-reagent okungaphazanyiswayo.
I-Customs kunye nePort Handling eLula: Sisebenza ngokuthe ngqo neearhente zokucoca zaseNamibia ezinelayisenisi ezigxile kwimithwalo enobungozi (NaCN) kunye nengeyongozi (Carbon, GDA), ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho kulibaziseka kokuphelelwa kwemithwalo eWalvis Bay.
Uthutho Olukhuselekileyo Lwangaphakathi: Sisebenzisa uthungelwano lweTrans-Kalahari kunye noololiwe/iindlela zasekuhlaleni, siqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo, okuthotyelwa mithetho, nokukhawulezileyo ngqo kwiindawo zemigodi kwimimandla yaseKaribib (Erongo) nase-Otavi (Otjozondjupa).
Ngqina ngeenzuzo zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwi-ore yakho yaseNamibia
Yeka ukulahlekelwa zii-ounces ngenxa ye-carbon fines kunye nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-cyanicide. Simema abaphathi bezityalo baseNamibia kunye neeNqununu zeLebhu ukuba bacele iisampulu zasimahla ze-AuCyan™, AuCarb™, okanye i-AuLeach™ ukuze kuvavanywe ibhotile epheleleyo kunye novavanyo lwe-CIL.
Cela iisampuli zasimahla zeLebhu ngoku
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo: Iikhemikhali Zokwemba Igolide eNamibia
1. I-AuCyan™ ijongana njani nomthamo ophezulu wobhedu odla ngokufumaneka kwii-ore zaseNamibia?
Ii-Skarn deposits kwiindawo ezifana ne-Erongo zihlala ziqulathe i-copper sulfides ezisebenza njenge-cyanicides enamandla, zitya i-cyanide eqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. I-AuCyan™ (≥98.3% ubumsulwa) inika umthombo oqinileyo nozinzileyo wee-CN⁻ ions zasimahla, ezinceda ukwanelisa imfuno yesinyithi esisisiseko ngelixa zishiya i-cyanide esebenzayo eyaneleyo ukugcina amazinga aphezulu okunyibilika kwegolide.
2. Kutheni i-AuCarb™ icetyiswa kwizityalo eziphinda zisebenzise amanzi kwiindawo ezinemozulu eyomileyo?
Izityalo zegolide zaseNamibia ziphinda zisebenzise phantse yonke into esetyenziswa emanzini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kubekho ityuwa eninzi kunye nokuqokelelana kwezinto ezingcolisa indalo. I-AuCarb™ Coconut Activated Carbon inesakhiwo se-mesopore/micropore esijolise kakhulu kwi-aurocyanide complex, esimelana nokungcoliswa ngamanzi aphinda asetyenziswe ngcono kuneekhabhoni ezisemgangathweni ezisekelwe kumalahle.
3. Ingaba i-AuLeach™ iyayithobela imithetho yeSebe lezeNdalo, amaHlathi kunye noKhenketho laseNamibia (MEFT)?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. I-AuLeach™ GDA yiarhente yokukhupha igolide engena-cyanide, engenabungozi. Ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nemiyalelo engqongqo ye-MEFT yokukhusela iinkqubo zamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba asentlango asengozini, inciphisa kakhulu uxanduva lokusingqongileyo lwemigodi kwaye yenza kube lula ukuhlaziya iSitifiketi sokuVula iNdalo (ECC).
4. Ziziphi iindlela zokuthutha impahla ezisetyenziswa ukungenisa impahla United Chemical ii-reagents eNamibia?
Zonke iikhemikhali esizithumela eNamibia zihanjiswa ngePort of Walvis Bay esebenza kakuhle kakhulu . Ukusuka apho, sihamba ngeTrans-Kalahari corridor kunye neendlela zelizwe, sihambisa ngqo kwiindawo ezinkulu zokumba imigodi kwimimandla yase-Erongo nase-Otjozondjupa.
5. Ngaba ubushushu obugqithisileyo entlango buyayichaphazela indlela egcinwa ngayo okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-AuCyan™?
Hayi. I-AuCyan™ izinzile ngexesha lokwenziwa kwayo kwaye ipakishwa kwiidrama zentsimbi eziqinileyo ezineengxowa zangaphakathi ezivalekileyo nezingenamanzi. Ukuba nje igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya ococekileyo kude nelanga elithe ngqo, ihlala izinzile ngokupheleleyo kumaqondo obushushu asentlango yaseNamibia.
6. Ngaba i-AuLeach™ ingasetyenziswa kwizityalo ezikhoyo zeCarbon-in-Leach (CIL) ezifana ne-Otjikoto ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwakhona?
Ewe. I-AuLeach™ yindawo ethe ngqo "yokungena" endaweni ye -sodium cyanide . Isebenzisa iitanki ezifanayo zokushukuma, iinkqubo zokulawula i-pH, kunye neesekethe ze-activated carbon adsorption (CIL/CIP), ezingafunekiyo kwaphela iindleko zemali zokutshintsha izityalo.
7. I-AuCarb™ ikuthintela njani ukulahleka kwekhabhoni kwii-agitators ezisebenzisa i-high-shear?
Ukulahleka kwekhabhoni kuthetha ngokuthe ngqo ukulahleka kwegolide. I-AuCarb™ iphantsi kwenkqubo yokuvuselela umphunga ngamandla kunye nokukhupha uthuli, ifikelela kubunzima boomatshini obuyi-≥99%. Imelana namandla aqatha okucheba ee-impeller ezinkulu kwiitanki ze-CIL, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukuveliswa kothuli lwekhabhoni olucolekileyo.
8. Ngaba ninika inkxaso yobugcisa yokwenza ngcono iisekethe ze-CIL eNamibia?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. United Chemical Asingomthengisi nje kuphela; singamaqabane e-metallurgical. Sinikezela ngeengcebiso zobugcisa eziqhubekayo, uhlalutyo lwedatha yesekethe ekude, kunye nesikhokelo malunga nokulinganisa i-reagent efanelekileyo kwiprofayili yakho ye-ore yaseNamibia.
9. Iyintoni inkqubo yokucoca i-AuLeach™ ngezithethe zaseNamibia xa ithelekiswa neSodium Cyanide?
I-Sodium Cyanide (Udidi 6.1) ifuna iimvume ezingqongqo ze-hazmat, abantu abakhuselekileyo abakhaphayo, kunye namaxwebhu amaninzi ngeWalvis Bay. I-AuLeach™ , ekubeni ingeyona ingozi, ihlawula imithwalo yemizi-mveliso ngokubanzi, isusa ukulibaziseka kolawulo lweeveki kwaye yehlisa kakhulu iindleko zokuthutha impahla ngaphakathi elizweni.
10. Umgodi wam eNamibia ungazifumana njani iisampulu zovavanyo zasimahla?
Kulula. Qhagamshelana nathi kwiwebhusayithi yethu ngedatha esisiseko yokusebenza komgodi wakho (uhlobo lwe-ore, i-output yemihla ngemihla). Siza kuthumela iKit yeSampuli yeLebhu yasimahla (i-AuCyan™, i-AuCarb™, okanye i-AuLeach™) nge-courier yamazwe ngamazwe ngqo kwilebhu yakho yakwindawo ukuze kuvavanywe ngokuzimeleyo i-bottle-roll.
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