Kev tshawb fawb ntawm Inhibition Mechanism ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Lead-Zinc Separation Flotation

1. Introduction

Hauv kev ua cov pob zeb hauv av, kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead thiab zinc minerals tuav qhov tseem ceeb. Froth flotation yog ib txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm rau qhov kev sib cais no, thiab kev siv cov tshuaj depressants tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev sib cais. Sodium cyanide tau ntev tau dav siv raws li ib tug depressant nyob rau hauv lead-zinc sib cais flotation. Nkag siab txog nws cov txheej txheem inhibition yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem flotation, txhim kho kev sib cais, thiab txo qis kev noj reagent. Kab lus no aims mus ua ib tug systematic txoj kev tshawb no ntawm inhibition mechanism ntawm Sodium cyanide nyob rau hauv txhuas-zinc sib cais flotation.

2. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Depressants nyob rau hauv Flotation

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej, depressants yog cov reagents uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis txo cov adsorption lossis kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom sau rau ntawm cov pob zeb uas tsis yog lub hom phiaj thiab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab hydrophilic ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av. Hauv kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc flotation, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog cais cov hlau lead (xws li galena) los ntawm zinc minerals (xws li sphalerite). Yog tias tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab zoo, nws nyuaj rau kev ua kom muaj kev sib cais siab vim tias ob qho tib si txhuas thiab zinc cov zaub mov tuaj yeem pom cov cwj pwm zoo sib xws hauv cov neeg sau khoom.

3. Hydrolysis ntawm Sodium Cyanide thiab nws kev sib raug zoo nrog pH

Sodium cyanide hydrolyzes hauv dej, thiab cov khoom siv hydrolysis yog ze ze rau pH tus nqi ntawm cov tawv nqaij. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias thaum lub pulp pH yog 7.0. yuav luag tag nrho cov Sodium Cyanide hydrolyzes tsim hydrogen cyanide gas. Thaum pH yog 12.0. sodium cyanide yuav luag tag dissociates rau hauv cyanide ions. Thaum pH yog 9.3. Qhov piv ntawm hydrogen cyanide rau cyanide ions yog 1: 1. Qhov pH-dependent hydrolysis tus cwj pwm ntawm sodium cyanide cuam tshuam nws cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm cov zaub mov.

4. Inhibition Mechanisms ntawm Sodium Cyanide ntawm Sphalerite

4.1 Dissolution of Activated Copper Sulfide Film on Sphalerite Surface

Thaum sphalerite tau qhib los ntawm tooj liab sulfate, tooj liab sulfide zaj duab xis tsim rau ntawm nws qhov chaw, uas ua rau kom lub floatability ntawm sphalerite. Sodium cyanide tuaj yeem yaj cov yeeb yaj kiab tooj liab sulfide ntawm sphalerite nto. Thaum tooj liab sulfide zaj duab xis yog yaj, tus thawj sphalerite nto nrog tsis zoo floatability yog raug. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav nyuaj rau tus neeg sau khoom rau adsorb ntawm sphalerite nto, zoo inhibiting floatability ntawm sphalerite.

4.2 Tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab Hydrophilic ntawm Sphalerite Deg

Cov cyanide ions nyob rau hauv sodium cyanide tuaj yeem pauv-adsorb nrog anions zoo li sulfate ions thiab cov los ntawm cov khoom xws li xanthates ntawm sphalerite nto. Piv txwv li, thaum reacting nrog zinc ions ntawm sphalerite nto, nws muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug hydrophilic zinc cyanide zaj duab xis. Cov yeeb yaj kiab hydrophilic no cuam tshuam kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm sphalerite nto thiab cov khoom siv, txo cov khoom siv adsorption ntawm sphalerite nto, yog li ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm inhibiting flotation ntawm sphalerite.

4.3 Dissolution - Complexation ntawm Hlau Xanthates

Sodium cyanide muaj zog muaj peev xwm yaj thiab complex nrog hlau xanthates, uas yog feem ntau siv collectors nyob rau hauv sulfide mineral flotation. Rau zinc-txog cov zaub mov, cov xanthate-zinc complexes tsim nyob rau ntawm sphalerite nto tuaj yeem decomposed los ntawm sodium cyanide. Kev sib xyaw ntawm sodium cyanide nrog cov hlau ions hauv xanthates ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom sib sau thiab cov pob zeb hauv av, ua rau xanthates rau desorb los ntawm sphalerite nto. Yog li ntawd, lub floatability ntawm sphalerite yog inhibited.

5. Kev xaiv ntawm Sodium Cyanide rau cov khoom sib txawv

Raws li lub peev xwm ntawm sodium cyanide los tsim cov chaw ruaj khov cyanide nrog cov hlau sib txawv, cov hlau sib txawv thiab lawv cov minerals tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:

1. Minerals ntawm txhuas, thallium, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, tin, rhodium: Cov zaub mov no tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov cyanide ruaj khov nrog sodium cyanide. Yog li, sodium cyanide tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov zaub mov no. Hauv kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc flotation, cov cuab yeej no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau lead hlau tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm sodium cyanide thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo.

2. Minerals ntawm platinum, NEEJ COJ, silver, cadmium, tooj: Cov zaub mov no tuaj yeem tsim cov cyanide ruaj khov nrog sodium cyanide, tab sis yuav tsum muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm sodium cyanide kom ua tiav inhibition. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc, yog tias muaj tooj liab-muaj impurities nyob rau hauv cov ore, yuav xav tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm sodium cyanide los inhibit cov tooj liab-txog cov zaub mov thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead thiab zinc.

3. Minerals ntawm zinc, npib tsib xee, kub, hlau: Cov zaub mov no tuaj yeem tsim cov cyanide ruaj khov heev nrog sodium cyanide. Sodium cyanide muaj zog tshaj inhibitory nyhuv ntawm cov minerals, thiab ib tug me me ntawm sodium cyanide tuaj yeem ua rau inhibition tseem ceeb. Hauv kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc flotation, tus yam ntxwv no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hlau-cov kabmob (xws li pyrite) thiab zinc-cov kabmob, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev xaiv flotation ntawm cov hlau lead.

6. Kev siv tswv yim thiab kev txiav txim siab

Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc sib cais flotation, kev siv sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Qhov ntau npaum ntawm sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ore, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau lead thiab zinc minerals, thiab muaj lwm yam impurities. Yog tias qhov ntau npaum li cas tsawg dhau, qhov inhibition ntawm zinc cov zaub mov thiab cov kab mob gangue cuam tshuam yuav tsis txaus, uas ua rau cov hmoov lead-purity tsawg. Hloov pauv, yog tias qhov ntau npaum li cas siab dhau lawm, nws tsis yog tsuas yog nce tus nqi reagent xwb tab sis kuj yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem ib puag ncig vim muaj toxicity ntawm cyanide.

Ntxiv mus, tus nqi pH ntawm cov tawv nqaij, uas cuam tshuam rau hydrolysis ntawm sodium cyanide, yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis. Qhov haum pH ntau rau cov hlau lead-zinc sib cais flotation siv sodium cyanide feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 9 - 11. Nyob rau hauv qhov pH ntau, sodium cyanide tuaj yeem muaj nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv uas tsim nyog rau inhibition ntawm zinc cov zaub mov thaum txo qis cov hlau lead tsis zoo vim yog over-inhibition.

7. xaus

Sodium cyanide plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov hlau lead-zinc sib cais flotation los ntawm ntau yam inhibition mechanisms. Los ntawm dissolving lub tshuab txais tooj liab sulfide zaj duab xis rau ntawm sphalerite nto, tsim ib zaj duab xis hydrophilic ntawm sphalerite nto, thiab dissolving-complexing hlau xanthates, nws zoo inhibits flotation ntawm zinc minerals. Nws cov kev xaiv rau cov khoom siv sib txawv muab lub hauv paus rau kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead thiab zinc cov zaub mov. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev siv tswv yim, yam xws li kev tswj xyuas ntau npaum li cas thiab kev hloov pauv pH yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo txiav txim siab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo, kev lag luam, thiab kev sib cais ntawm cov hmoov txhuas-zinc. Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam no tuaj yeem tsom mus rau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub thiab ib puag ncig zoo rau sodium cyanide thaum tswj lossis txhim kho kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau lead-zinc minerals.