Reagents 20 kachasị mkpa na nhazi mineral

Nhazi nke ịnweta na-agụnye usoro atọ: ịsacha, ịkụpịa, na irite uru. N'oge usoro itinye uche na ọla ndị bara uru sitere na ọkwa dị ala, polymetallic ores n'ime ọkwa ọkwa dị elu, a ga-agbakwunye ụdị nchịkọta dị iche iche, frothers, inhibitors, na flocculants. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a bụ ihe ndị na-egbu egbu na ndị na-emerụ ahụ, dị ka cyanides, arsenides, chromates, ụdị alkyl xanthates dị iche iche, phenols ndị a gbanwere, anilines, pyridines, hydrocarbons, alkenes, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, na ndị ọzọ. Ihe ndị a nwere ike ịbanye na gburugburu ebe obibi site na mwepụta nke mmiri mkpofu nke mineral ma ọ bụ site na ọdọ mmiri ọdụ, na-ebute mmetọ nke abụọ ma na-akpata nnukwu mmerụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ihe ndị na-emepụta mineral na-ezo aka na ndị na-anakọta ihe, ihe na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdị ọcha, ihe ndị na-egbochi ihe, ihe ndị na-agbanwe ihe, ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-amịpụta ihe, na ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime hydrometallurgy, gụnyere ọtụtụ narị ihe dị iche iche na-adịghị na organic ma ọ bụ organic.

Kedu ihe bụ Reagents kachasị mkpa na nhazi mineral?

N'ime ihe mmetọ 68 dị na listi ojii na-ahụ maka njikwa mmetọ mbụ nke China, gụnyere reagents nhazi ịnweta 24 (gụnyere arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, Obi ụtọ, nickel, thallium, ọla kọpa, lead, na ogige ha). Ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ na gburugburu ebe obibi gụnyere Cyanides. Anyị ahọrọla 20 nke reagents kacha mkpa maka ntụnye aka gị. Ka anyị lee!

Sodium Ethyl Xanthate

• Molekụla Formula: C2H5OCSSNA

• Njirimara: Otu ntụ ntụ na-acha odo odo (ma ọ bụ granule) nwere isi na-akpasu iwe, soluble na mmiri, mmanya, wdg, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ogige ndị na-adịghị edozi ya na ion ígwè dị ka cobalt, ọla kọpa, na nickel.

• Isi eji: Sodium ethyl xanthate bụ onye nchịkọta nwere ezigbo nhọrọ n'etiti ngwaahịa xanthate. Enwere ike iji ya n'ọtụtụ ebe maka ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri dị mfe nke nwere ike ese n'elu ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju sulfide ọla nke na-abụghị ígwè. A pụkwara iji ya na ihe ndị na-emepụta sulfide mee ihe maka flotation nke ọla kọpa na lead oxide. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mmiri ozuzo na hydrometallurgy (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịdị ọcha nke zinc electrolyte) yana dị ka ihe na-eme ngwa ngwa na rọba.

Sodium isopropyl Xanthate

• Molekụla Formula: (CH3)2 CHOCSSNA

• Njirimara: Otu ntụ ntụ na-acha odo odo (ma ọ bụ granule) nwere isi na-akpasu iwe, soluble na mmiri.

• Isi eji: Sodium isopropyl xanthate nwere ikike nchịkọta dịtụ ike na flotation nke sulfide ores nke ọla ndị na-abụghị ferrous karịa sodium ethyl xanthate. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka onye na-achịkọta ihe dị iche iche na-abụghị ferrous metal sulfide ores ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mmiri ozuzo na hydrometallurgy; a na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe na-eme ngwa ngwa vulcanization na rọba.

Sodium Butyl Xanthate (Potassium)

• Molekụla Formula: C4H9OCSSNa (K)

• Njirimara: A na-acha odo odo ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ ntụ (ma ọ bụ granule) na-esi ísì ụtọ, na-agbaze na mmiri na mmanya na-aba n'anya, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ogige ndị na-adịghị edozi ya na ion metal dị iche iche.

• Isi eji: Sodium butyl xanthate (potassium) bụ onye na-anakọta nke nwere ike ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri ma na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ọgbọ mmiri nke ụdị dị iche iche na-abụghị ígwè sulfide metal. Nke a reagent dabara adaba maka flotation nke chalcopyrite, sphalerite, na pyrite. N'okpuru ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe maka mmasị flotation nke sulfide ọla kọpa ores si ígwè sulfide ore.

Sodium Isobutyl Xanthate (Potassium)

• Molekụla Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2OCSSNa(K)

• Njirimara: Acha odo odo ntụ ntụ (ma ọ bụ granule) nwere isi na-agbakasị ahụ, na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, nke nwere ike ịmepụta ogige ndị na-adịghị edozi ya na ion metal dị iche iche.

• Isi eji: Sodium isobutyl xanthate (potassium) bụkwa onye na-anakọta ihe siri ike na mmiri nke dị iche iche na-abụghị ígwè sulfide metal. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri nke ọla kọpa, lead, na zinc sulfide ore, ma gosipụtala ịdị irè n'ife n'ụdị ọla kọpa dị iche iche na pyrite.

Sodium Isopentyl Xanthate

• Molekụla Formula: (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OCSSNa

• Njirimara: Otu ntụ ntụ na-acha odo odo na-esi ísì ụtọ, soluble na mmiri.

• Isi eji: Sodium isopentyl xanthate bụ onye nchịkọta siri ike nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na flotation nke igwe anaghị agba nchara nke chọrọ ike nchịkọta siri ike mana ọ bụghị nhọrọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụ ezigbo onye nchịkọta maka oxidized sulfide ores ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa oxidized na ores ndu (mgbe sulfide na sodium sulfide ma ọ bụ sodium hydrosulfide). Nke a reagent nwekwara ike nweta ezi nkewa na flotation nke ọla kọpa-nickel sulfide ore na ọla-nwere pyrite.

Sodium Pentyl Xanthate (Potassium)

• Molekụla Formula: C5H11OCSSNa (K)

• Njirimara: A na-acha odo odo ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ na-acha ọcha (ma ọ bụ granule) na-esi ísì ụtọ, na-agbaze na mmiri.

• Isi eji: Sodium pentyl xanthate (potassium) bụ onye na-anakọta siri ike na-etinyekarị na flotation nke igwe anaghị agba nchara nke chọrọ ike nnakọta siri ike mana ọ bụghị nhọrọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta magburu onwe ya maka oxidized sulfide ores ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa oxidized na ores ndu (mgbe sulfide na sodium sulfide ma ọ bụ sodium hydrosulfide). Ọ nwekwara ike nweta nkewa dị mma na flotation nke ọla kọpa-nickel sulfide ores na pyrite nwere ọla edo.

Nke 25 ọgwụ ojii

• Isi Akụkụ: Dimethylphenol disulfide

• Molekụla Formula: (C7H7O) 2PSSH

• Njirimara: Mmiri mmanụ na-acha aja aja na-acha odo odo nke nwere isi na-akpasu iwe na mmebi; na-ere ọkụ, dị ntakịrị soluble na mmiri.

• Isi eji: Mba 25 ọgwụ ojii nwere ma nchịkọta ma na-ekpochapụ ụfụfụ. Ọ bụ onye na-anakọta ihe dị mma maka ọla kọpa, ọla kọpa na ọla ọcha nke sulfide, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na nkewa flotation dị mma nke lead na zinc. Nke a reagent nwere ike ịnakọta adịghị ike maka pyrite na ndị ọzọ sulfide ores na alkaline sekit, ma ọ bụ ike na-adịghị ahọpụtara mkpokọta maka ihe niile sulfide ore na-anọpụ iche ma ọ bụ acidic media. N'okpuru ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ, ọ nwekwara ikike ịnakọta ụfọdụ maka ọla oxide dị arọ. Ebe ọ bụ na reagent a dị ntakịrị soluble na mmiri, a ga-agbakwunye ya n'ụdị mbụ ya na tankị ntụ oyi ma ọ bụ igwe igwe bọọlụ.

Sodium Butyl ọgwụ ọjọọ

• Isi Akụkụ: Dibutyl disulfide sodium

• Molekụla Formula: (C4H9O) 2PSNA

• Njirimara: Ihe ngwọta mmiri na-acha odo odo na-acha aja aja na-enweghị isi na-akpasu iwe na njirimara kemịkal kwụsiri ike.

• Isi eji: Sodium butyl ojii bụ onye na-anakọta ihe dị mma maka ọla edo na ọla kọpa, ọla kọpa na zinc. Ọ nwere ike ịnakọta adịghị ike maka pyrite na sekit alkaline. Ihe reagent a na-egosipụta naanị ihe njiri ụfụfụ na-adịghị ike.

Sodium No. 25 ọgwụ ojii

• Isi Akụkụ: Dimethylphenol disulfide sodium

• Molekụla Formula: (C7H7O) 2PSNA

• Njirimara: Ihe ngwọta na-acha aja aja ma ọ bụ oji miri emi, enweghị isi.

• Isi eji: Sodium No. 25 ọgwụ ojii bụ ihe nchịkọta dị irè maka ọla kọpa na lead sulfide ore. N'ihi ike ịnakọta adịghị ike ya maka zinc sulfide ores, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka nkewa nkewa nke ọla kọpa na ores sulfide site na zinc sulfide ores. Enwere ike itinye reagent a ozugbo na sekit flotation.

Ammonium Butyl ọgwụ ọjọọ

• Isi Akụkụ: Ammonium dibutyl disulfide

• Molekụla Formula: (C4H9O) 2PSSNH4

• Njirimara: Otu ntụ ntụ na-acha ọcha ruo isi awọ na-enweghị ụtọ, ikuku na-atọ ụtọ, na-agbaze n'ime mmiri, yana kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike.

• Isi eji: Ammonium butyl ojii bụ ezigbo onye na-anakọta ma na-ekpo ọkụ maka ọla ndị na-abụghị nke ígwè. Ọ nwere ikike nkewa pụrụ iche maka ọla kọpa, lead, silver, na zinc, yana ọla polymetallic dị mgbagwoju anya. Ọ nwere arụmọrụ nchịkọta na-adịghị ike maka pyrite na magnetik pyrite na obere alkaline pulp na-adịghị ike mana ikike nchịkọta siri ike maka galena. A pụkwara iji ya mee ihe na nickel na antimony sulfide ores, karịsịa dị irè maka ịhọrọ nickel sulfide ores siri ike, ngwakọta sulfide-oxidized nickel ores, na middlings nke sulfide ore na gangue. Nnyocha na-egosi na iji ọgwụ ojii ammonium butyl bara uru maka mgbake nke platinum, ọla edo, na ọlaọcha.

Ethylthioamine (SN-9#)

• Isi Akụkụ: N,N-Diethyl Dithiocarbamate Sodium

• Molekụla Formula: (C2H5)2NCSSNa·3H2O

• Njirimara: kristal na-acha ọcha na-acha ntụ ntụ na-enweghị isi na-akpasu iwe, na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri. Nke a reagent decomposes n'ime carbon disulfide, diethylamine, wdg, na ọnụnọ

• nke okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ acid.

• Isi eji: Ethylthioamine (SN-9#) bụ nke a na-eji dị ka onye na-anakọta maka ọla dị iche iche na-adịghị ferrous. Ọ na-egosi ike ịnakọta ike maka ọla kọpa, lead, zinc, na nickel sulfide ore. Nke a reagent bụ karịsịa dị irè na flotation nke mgbagwoju ore na ọtụtụ ebe nakweere na ịnweta nhazi ụlọ ọrụ. Na mgbakwunye, ọ nwere ike inye aka melite ọnụego mgbake nke ọla na usoro ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri.

Ụmụnna Flotation

Ndị nne na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na nhazi ịnweta site na ikwado iguzobe froths kwụsiri ike nke na-enye ohere ịhọrọ nkewa nke mineral bara uru. Ndị na-efegharị efegharị efegharịkarị gụnyere:

• Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol (MIBC)

• Njirimara: Mmiri na-enweghị agba, ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, nke na-adịghị edozi na mmiri.

• Isi eji: A na-eji MIBC eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka frother na flotation nke dị iche iche ore, gụnyere ọla kọpa, ọla edo, na nickel. Ọ na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke froth dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ọnụọgụ mgbake nke mineral ndị a chọrọ.

• Propylene glycol monomethyl ether

• Njirimara: Mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba na-esi ísì ụtọ, soluble na mmiri na ihe mgbaze organic.

• Isi eji: Frother a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịkwalite akụrụngwa ikuku nke usoro flotation, ọkachasị maka ore sulfide. Ọ na-enyere aka ịmepụta froth kwụsiri ike nke na-enye ohere nkewa nke ọma nke mineral bara uru.

• Polyglycol ether

• Njirimara: Mmiri viscous nke na-agbaze na mmiri ma nwee obere nsi.

• Isi eji: Polyglycol ether na-eje ozi dị ka frother na nwere ike welie flotation arụmọrụ nke dị iche iche mineral, karịsịa na flotation nke ọma na ultrafine ahụ.

Ihe mgbochi

Ndị na-egbochi ya bụ ọgwụ kemịkalụ na-akpachapụ anya na-egbochi mmiri mmiri nke ụfọdụ mineral. Ha dị oke mkpa maka ịchịkwa nhọrọ na arụmọrụ nke usoro flotation. Ndị na-egbochikarị ihe na-agụnye:

• sodium cyanide

• Njirimara: Igwe kristal na-acha ọcha siri ike, na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri, na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu.

• Isi eji: sodium cyanide a na-ejikarị eme ihe iji belata mineral ndị na-achọghị n'oge flotation, na-enye ohere maka mgbake nhọrọ nke ọla bara uru, karịsịa ọla edo na ọlaọcha. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na nhazi ọla edo, karịsịa na usoro cyanidation.

• Sulfide Sodium

• Njirimara: Ihe siri ike na-acha ọcha ruo na-acha odo odo, na-agbaze na mmiri, na-esi ísì ụtọ.

• Isi eji: A na-ejikarị sodium sulfide mee ihe iji mee ka ụfọdụ ion metal rụọ ọrụ ma mee ka ndị ọzọ daa mbà na usoro flotation. Ọ na-adị irè karịsịa n'ife mmiri nke ore oxidized, dị ka ndị nwere ọla kọpa na lead.

• Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)

• Njirimara: Uzuzu na-acha ọcha nke na-agbaze n'ime mmiri, nke na-adịghị egbu egbu, na ihe na-adịghị ndụ.

• Isi eji: CMC bụ ihe mgbochi polymeric dị irè nke a na-eji na flotation nke mineral dị iche iche. Ọ na-enyere aka ịchịkwa nhọrọ nke usoro flotation site na igbochi flotation nke ụfọdụ mineral gangue.

Ndị na-efe efe

A na-eji flocculants eme ihe iji kwalite ndozi na igbapu nke mineral na ọdụ ọdụ. Flocculants ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere:

• polyacrylamides

• Njirimara: Acha ọcha na ntụ ntụ na-acha odo odo nke na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri, anaghị egbu egbu.

• Isi eji: A na-eji polyacrylamide eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka flocculant na nhazi ịnweta iji melite ọnụego nhazi nke slurries ma kwalite dewatering nke ọdụdụ.

• Aluminom sulfate

• Njirimara: Ihe siri ike kristal na-acha ọcha nke na-agbaze na mmiri.

• Isi eji: A na-ejikarị aluminom sulfate eme ihe dị ka coagulant na flocculant na nhazi ịnweta iji nyere aka na nkọwa na ịgbatị slurries.