I-antidote ye-sodium cyanide

Sodium i-cyanide Yikhompawundi eyityhefu kakhulu ebeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, kubandakanywa imigodi kunye ne-electroplating, kodwa amandla ayo okwenzakalisa ayinakugqithiswa. Nini Isodium cyanide idibana namanzi, inokukhupha igesi eyityhefu yehydrogen cyanide, eyingozi ngakumbi. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni amagqabantshintshi abanzi Isodium cyanide ubuthi, iimpawu zayo, kunye ezifanelekileyo Iingxaki ukuchasa iziphumo zayo.

Iingozi zeSodium Cyanide

Isodium cyanide idume ngokubulala. Inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nomhlaba, iyenze ibe yinto enobungozi efuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo. Ikhompawundi iyingozi kakhulu kuba inokufunxwa eluswini, ifunxelwe njengothuli okanye igesi, okanye igalelwe. Iimpawu zetyhefu zingabonakalisa ngokukhawuleza, ezikhokelela ekubanjweni kokuphefumula kunye nentliziyo kwiimeko ezinzima.

I-0.06 grams nje ye-hydrocyanic acid, enokuveliswa kuyo sodium cyanide, kwanele ukubangela ukufa ukuba kutyiwe. Ngokufanayo, ukuphefumla uthuli lwe-sodium cyanide okanye igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo zangoko. Ukungxamiseka kokujongana ne-sodium cyanide exposure ayikwazi ukugqithiswa, njengoko imiphumo ingaba yingozi.

Iimpawu zeSodium Cyanide Poisoning

Iimpawu zetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide zinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokuvezwa. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla: Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela, kunye nemvakalelo yokufuthaniselwa kunokwenzeka, ngakumbi ukuba umntu uye waphefumlela uthuli lwecyanide okanye igesi.

• Iimpawu zentliziyo: Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo okunokubakho kuyinkxalabo ebalulekileyo.

• Iziphumo zeNeurological: Intloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, ukudideka, nokulahlekelwa zingqondo kunokuvela njengoko umzimba uzama ukujamelana nemiphumo eyityhefu.

• Uxinzelelo lweGastrointestinal: I-nausea, ukuhlanza, kunye neentlungu zesisu zingenzeka ukuba i-sodium cyanide ifakwe.

• Iintshukumo zolusu: Ukuqhagamshelana ne-sodium cyanide kunokukhokelela ekutshiseni okanye ukucaphuka kwesikhumba.

Ukusabela Kwangoko Kwityhefu

Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwe-sodium cyanide, inyathelo elikhawulezileyo libalulekile. Nanga amanyathelo omawawathathe ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lokuvezwa:

• Inhalation: Ukuba umntu uye waphefumlela uthuli lwesodium cyanide okanye igesi, kufuneka afuduselwe kwindawo enomoya omtsha ngoko nangoko. Oku kubalulekile ukuthintela ukufunxwa ngakumbi kwe-toxin.

• UQhagamshelwano loLusu: Ukuba i-sodium cyanide idibana nolusu, iimpahla ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zisuswe ngokukhawuleza. Ulusu kufuneka luhlanjululwe ngokucokisekileyo ngamanzi acocekileyo ukususa nayiphi na intsalela. Ukutshisa kwesikhumba, isisombululo se-boric acid esi-3% singasetyenziselwa ukucoca isilonda.

• Ingestion: Ukuba kutyiwe i-sodium cyanide, ukuhlanjwa kwesisu kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-10% Isodium thiosulfate isisombululo okanye isisombululo se-1: 2000 se-potassium permanganate. Ukulandela ukuhlanjululwa kwesisu, isixa esifanelekileyo sesisombululo se-ferrous sulfate sinokulawulwa ngomlomo ukunceda ukunciphisa iziphumo zetyhefu.

Ii-Antidotes zeSodium Cyanide Poisoning

Unyango lwetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwee-antidotes ezithile ezinokunciphisa iziphumo ezinobuthi zekhompawundi. Ezi zilandelayo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane:

• ISodium Nitrite: Kwiimeko zetyhefu ye-sodium cyanide, inaliti ecothayo emithanjeni ye-10-15ml ye-3% Isodium nitrite inokulawulwa. Le khompawundi isebenza ngokuguqula i-hemoglobin ibe yi-methemoglobin, enokuthi ibophe kwii-ion ze-cyanide kwaye incede ukususwa kwazo emzimbeni.

• I-Sodium Thiosulfate: Ukulandela ukulawulwa kwe-nitrite ye-sodium, inaliti encinci ye-intravenous ye-25-50ml ye-50% ye-sodium thiosulfate kufuneka inikwe kusetyenziswa inaliti efanayo nakwindawo enye. I-sodium thiosulfate isebenza njengomnikeli wesulfure, evumela umzimba ukuba uguqule i-cyanide ibe yinto enetyhefu encinci enokuthi ikhutshwe.

• Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso: Kwiimeko ezinobuthi obunobuthi, apho ukuphefumula kunye nokubanjwa kwentliziyo kunokwenzeka, ukuvuselela i-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) kufuneka iqaliswe ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyamekela kwenkxaso, kubandakanywa unyango lwe-oxygen kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo, kubalulekile ekulawuleni imeko yesigulane.

Amanyathelo oThintelo noKhuseleko

Ukunikezelwa kweengozi ezinxulumene nesodium cyanide, kubalulekile ukuphumeza amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuthintela ukuvezwa. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo: Abantu abasebenza nge-sodium cyanide kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olubanzi malunga nokuphatha into ngokukhuselekileyo, kubandakanywa neenkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

• Izixhobo zoKhuseleko zoMntu (i-PPE): I-PPE efanelekileyo, njengeiglavu, izibuko, kunye ne-respirators, kufuneka igqitywe xa uphatha i-sodium cyanide ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa.

• IiProtocol eziNgxamisekileyo: Iindawo zokusebenzela ezisebenzisa i-sodium cyanide kufuneka zibe neeprotocol ezicacileyo ezingxamisekileyo, kubandakanywa ukufikelela kwii-antidotes kunye nezibonelelo zoncedo lokuqala.

• Iingqwalasela zokusingqongileyo: Kufuneka kwenziwe iinzame zokuthintela i-sodium cyanide ekungcoliseni umhlaba nemithombo yamanzi, njengoko impembelelo yayo yokusingqongileyo inokuba yingozi.

isiphelo

I-sodium cyanide yinto enetyhefu kakhulu ebeka imingcipheko ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukuqonda iimpawu zetyhefu kunye neyeza ezifanelekileyo zokunyanga kubalulekile kwimpendulo esebenzayo kwimeko yokuvezwa. Isenzo esikhawulezileyo, kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium nitrite kunye ne-sodium thiosulfate, kunokusindisa ubomi. Ukongezelela, ukuphumeza amanyathelo okhuseleko kunye noqeqesho olufanelekileyo lunokunceda ukukhusela ukuvezwa kunye nokunciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nale khompawundi eyingozi. Ukuqonda kunye nokulungela kungundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kwiindawo apho i-sodium cyanide ikhona.