Menene Mafi kyawun ƙimar pH don Cyanide Leaching?

Cyanide leaching ya kasance ginshiƙi a cikin hakar zinariya da azurfa daga ma'adanai tun lokacin da aka aiwatar da masana'antu a 1887. Wannan tsari yana dogara ne akan ma'auni mai mahimmanci na nau'o'in sinadarai da muhalli daban-daban, tare da darajar pH na maganin ya fito a matsayin ma'auni mafi mahimmanci.

Dalilin Sinadari Bayan pH a cikin Cyanide Leaching

Cyanide, yawanci a cikin nau'in Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) ko potassium cyanide (KCN), yana aiki a matsayin babban abin da ke fitar da ruwa. Duk da haka, hulɗarsa da zinariya da azurfa yana da tasiri sosai daga matakin pH. Cyanide yana wanzuwa a cikin daidaito tare da hydrogen cyanide (HCN), wani abu mai guba da canzawa. A cikin yanayi mai acidic (ƙananan pH), daidaiton sinadarai yana canzawa zuwa ga samuwar iskar gas ta HCN. Wannan ba wai kawai yana haifar da haɗarin aminci ba ne, har ma yana rage samuwar ions na cyanide kyauta, waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don narkar da zinariya da azurfa.

Domin samun ingantaccen cirewar zinariya da azurfa , dole ne a ajiye maganin a cikin yanayin alkaline. Idan pH ya yi yawa, cyanide ya fi kasancewa a cikin siffar ionic, wanda ke ba shi damar samar da hadaddun abubuwa masu ƙarfi tare da zinare da azurfa. A lokacin aikin cirewa, ana samar da ions na hydroxide, wanda hakan ke ƙara ba da gudummawa ga alkalinity na maganin.

Ƙayyadaddun Maɗaukakin pH Range

Nazarce-nazarce da dama da kuma ayyukan masana'antu sun gano mafi kyawun kewayon pH don cirewar Cyanide . Gabaɗaya, ana ɗaukar ƙimar pH sama da 10.5 a matsayin mahimmanci, kuma yawancin ayyuka suna da nufin kiyaye pH tsakanin 11 da 12. Ga dalilin:

• Inganta Narkewar Zinare : A pH a cikin wannan kewayon, ana inganta ƙimar narkewar zinare. Ragewa daga wannan kewayon na iya haifar da raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin ingancin cirewa. Misali, idan pH ya faɗi ƙasa da 10.5, samuwar iskar gas ta HCN yana rage yawan ions na cyanide kyauta, yana rage jinkirin amsawar da zinare.

• Rage Yawan Shan Cyanide : Yawan shan Cyanide yana da alaƙa da matakin pH. Ƙananan ƙimar pH na iya haifar da ƙaruwar amfani da cyanide yayin da cyanide ke raguwa da inganci wajen samar da hadaddun abubuwa. Ta hanyar kiyaye babban pH, ana tabbatar da daidaiton hadaddun cyanide, wanda ke rage yawan shan Cyanide mara amfani.

• Abubuwan da Za A Yi La'akari da Su Kan Tsaro : Daga mahangar tsaro, kiyaye pH sama da 10.5 yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Iskar HCN tana da guba sosai, har ma da ƙananan adadi na iya zama mai kisa. Ta hanyar sarrafa pH a cikin iyakar da aka ba da shawarar, ana rage samuwar wannan iskar gas mai haɗari, wanda ke kare lafiya da amincin ma'aikata a wuraren haƙar ma'adinai da haƙowa.

Abubuwan da ke Tasirin Mafi kyawun pH

• Tsarin Ma'adinai : Ma'adanai daban-daban na iya ƙunsar ƙazanta da ma'adanai daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya shafar mafi kyawun pH. Misali, ma'adanai masu yawan sinadarin sulfur na iya buƙatar ɗan bambanci a pH, saboda mahaɗan da ke ɗauke da sulfur na iya amsawa da maganin cyanide kuma su yi tasiri ga yanayin sinadarai gaba ɗaya.

• Zafin Jiki : Zafin tsarin fitar da ruwa daga famfo shima zai iya shafar mafi kyawun pH. Yayin da zafin jiki ke canzawa, narkewar iskar oxygen da kuma saurin amsawar sinadarai suna canzawa. Gabaɗaya, yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, narkewar iskar cyanide ta kai-tsaye tana ƙaruwa, kuma narkewar iskar oxygen tana raguwa. Wannan na iya buƙatar ɗan gyara a cikin pH don kiyaye yanayin fitar da ruwa mafi kyau. Duk da haka, yawancin hanyoyin fitar da ruwa daga famfo daga famfo ana yin su ne a yanayin zafi mai kyau (kimanin 15 - 30 °C) don guje wa rugujewar cyanide da asarar iskar oxygen.

Hanyoyi don Kula da pH

• Lemun tsami (CaO) da Caustic Soda (NaOH) : Waɗannan su ne sinadaran da aka fi amfani da su don daidaitawa da kuma kula da pH a cikin leaching na cyanide. Lemun tsami, idan aka ƙara shi a ruwa, yana samar da sinadarin calcium hydroxide, wanda ke amsawa da abubuwan acidic a cikin maganin don ƙara pH. Ana iya amfani da soda na Caustic (NaOH), tushe mai ƙarfi, don haɓaka pH da sauri. Zaɓin tsakanin su biyun ya dogara da abubuwa kamar farashi, samuwa, da takamaiman buƙatun ma'adinan da ake sarrafawa.

• Na'urori Masu auna pH : Domin tabbatar da ingantaccen sarrafa pH, ayyukan hakar ma'adinai na zamani sun dogara ne akan na'urori masu auna pH na zamani. Waɗannan na'urori masu auna pH na iya ci gaba da sa ido kan pH na maganin cire ruwa da kuma samar da bayanai na ainihin lokaci. Dangane da wannan bayanai, masu aiki za su iya daidaita ƙarar pH - masu sarrafa reagents don kiyaye mafi kyawun kewayon pH.

A ƙarshe, ƙimar pH mafi kyau don leaching cyanide ya ta'allaka ne a cikin kewayon 11 - 12. An ƙaddara wannan darajar ta hanyar haɗin halayen sinadaran, bukatun aminci, da kuma buƙatar haɓakar zinariya da azurfa. Ta hanyar sarrafa pH a hankali da sauran sigogi, kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na iya haɓaka dawo da karafa masu daraja yayin da rage haɗarin muhalli da aminci.