Kubata Kwakachengeteka kweYakanyanya Toxic Cyanides/ Sodium Cyanide

ziviso

Cyanides, kunyanya Sodium Cyanide, zvinhu zvine chepfu zvakanyanya. Kubata zvisina kufanira kunogona kutungamirira kune ngozi dzakakomba dzehutano, kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kunyange kuisa upenyu pangozi. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kuve nekunzwisisa kwakadzama uye kunyatsotevedzera kuchengetedza mapuroteni kana uchibata nemakemikari aya.

Chidziviriro Chekushandisa (PPE)

Kudzivirirwa kwekufema

Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandisa yega-ine kufema midziyo yekufema (SCBA) ine yakazara - kumeso mask. Zvichipiwa izvozvo Cyanides inogona kufemerwa muchimiro cheguruva, utsi, kana gasi, chiyero ichi chinonyanya kukosha. Iyo SCBA inofanirwa kunge yakashongedzerwa neyepamusoro-inoshanda particulate air (HEPA) sefa kudzivirira chero cyanide - ine zvimedu kuti zvipinde mukufema.

Inodzivirira Kupfeka

Pfeka sutu inodzivirira kemikari yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita seTyvek kana neoprene. Sutu yacho inofanira kuvhara muviri wese, kusanganisira maoko, tsoka, uye musoro. Zvinokurudzirwa kupfeka magirovhosi asingapindiki akagadzirwa nebutyl rubber kudzivirira maoko. Bhutsu dzekuchengetedza dzine zvigunwe zvesimbi uye kemikari - inodzivirira soles yakakoshawo kudzivirira zvinobudirira tsoka kubva pakusangana. cyanides.

Kuchengetedzwa Kwameso

Pamusoro peiyo SCBA kumeso mask, makemikari - splash goggles anofanirwawo kuve akashongedzerwa. Aya magogi anogona kupa imwezve dura redziviriro kuvharira cyanide mhinduro kubva mukupfapfaidza mumaziso.

Kubata matanho ekudzivirira

chengetedzo

Macyanides anofanirwa kuchengetwa munzvimbo yakasarudzwa uye inofefeterwa zvakanaka, kure nekupisa, maasidhi, uye oxidizing agents. Macyanides anoita zvechisimba aine asidhi kugadzira muchetura wehydrogen cyanide gasi. The chengetedzo midziyo inofanira kunge yakavharwa zvakasimba uye yakanyorwa zvakajeka nezita remakemikari, yambiro yengozi, uye mirayiridzo yekubata.

Kutamisa uye Kushandisa

Paunenge uchiendesa macyanides kubva kune imwe mudziyo uchienda kune imwe, shandisa akakosha funnels uye ekutamisa michina inoenderana necyanides. Kudira kwakananga nemaoko kunorambidzwa zvachose. Murabhoritari kana nharaunda yeindasitiri, mashandiro ese anosanganisira cyanides anofanirwa kuitwa mufume hood kudzivirira utsi hune chepfu kubva kupararira kunzvimbo yebasa rose.

Shandisa zvikero zvakayerwa kuyera kana midziyo yevhoriyamu kuyera nema cyanides. Dzivisa pamusoro-kuyera kana kuvuza, nekuti kunyange cyanide shoma shoma inogona kuunza njodzi huru.

Emergency Response Plan

kudzidza

Vese vashandi vanogona kusangana necyanides vanofanirwa kudzidziswa chimbichimbi nzira dzekupindura. Zvinyorwa zvekudzidzisa zvinovhara kuziva zviratidzo zve cyanide chepfu (zvakadai semusoro, dzungu, kukurumidza kufema, kurasikirwa nekuziva, nezvimwewo) uye kugona nzira dzekushandisa dzekutanga - rubatsiro rwekutanga.

Emergency Equipment

Imwe yekukurumidzira eyewash station uye yekugezera yekuchengetedza inofanira kupihwa munzvimbo yebasa. Kana ganda kana ziso richisangana ne cyanides, kukurumidza kubhururuka nemvura yakawanda ndiyo kiyi. Uye zvakare, yakakosha cyanide antidotes senge hydroxocobalamin, sodium nitrite, uye sodium thiosulfate inofanirwa kuiswa panzvimbo, asi inofanirwa kushandiswa pasi pekutungamirwa nenyanzvi dzekurapa.

Nzira dzakajeka dzekubuda uye nzira dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa. Muchiitiko chekudonhedza kana kuburitswa kwecyanide yakakura, vashandi vanofanirwa kuziva nzira yekubuda nayo munzvimbo nekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka.

Kuraswa kweCyanides

Kemikari Kurapa

Imwe yedzakajairika nzira dzekurapa cyanide - ine tsvina ndeyemakemikari oxidation. Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) inogona kushandiswa kuita oxidize cyanides kuita zvinhu zvishoma zvine chepfu. Kuita uku kunofanira kunyatsodzorwa munzvimbo inofefetera zvakanaka. Iyo general reaction formula ndeyotevera:

2NaCN + 5NaClO + H₂O → N₂ + 2NaHCO₃ + 5NaCl

Imwe sarudzo ndeye kushandisa hydrogen peroxide pasi pechiito checatalyst. Iyi nzira inogona zvakare kushandura cyanides kuita isiri-chepfu zvigadzirwa.

Neutralization

Mushure mekurapa oxidation, mhinduro inogona kudikanwa kuderedzwa. Kana iyo yakagadziriswa mhinduro iine acidic nekuda kweiyo oxidation process, hwaro hwakadai sesodium hydroxide inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa iyo pH kukosha kune kwayakarerekera renji (pH 6 - 9).

Compliance Disposal

Mushure mekunge ma cyanides arapwa uye akaderedzwa, tsvina inogadzirwa inofanirwa kuraswa zvinoenderana nenharaunda, yenyika, uye yemubatanidzwa mitemo yezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinowanzoreva kutumira marara kunzvimbo ine rezinesi yekurasa tsvina ine ngozi.

mhedziso

Kubata cyanides, kunyanya sodium cyanide, inoda kuchenjerera kukuru uye kunyatsoteerera nzira dzekuchengetedza. Kubva pakusarudza midziyo yekudzivirira yakakodzera, kugadzira emergency Urongwa hwekupinduras, kune nzira dzakachengeteka dzekurasa, nhanho yega yega mukubata maitiro inoda kunyatsotariswa. Nekunyatsotevera nhungamiro idzi, tinogona kudzikisira njodzi dzine chekuita nezvinhu izvi zvine muchetura uye kunyatso chengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi uye nharaunda.