Ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nokukhipha igolide le-cyanide ongase ungazi

Ezweni lokumbiwa kwegolide, inqubo yokukhipha i-Cyanide iyindlela ebalulekile esetshenziswayo ukuthola igolide ensimbini. Nakuba abaningi bengase bajwayelene negama elithi "cyanide," ubuqili bokusetshenziswa kwayo ekukhishweni kwegolide buvame ukunganakwa. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukukhanyisa ulwazi oluvamile oluphathelene ne -Sodium cyanide kanye nendima yayo enkambisweni yokukhipha igolide , ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda okuphelele kwale ndlela ebalulekile.

I-Cyanide Gold Extraction Process

Inqubo yokukhipha igolide le-cyanide ihilela izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile, ngayinye idinga ukulawulwa okunembile kwamapharamitha ahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Izici eziyinhloko okumele ziqashwe zifaka phakathi ukugcwala kwe-cyanide, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo, i-alkalinity, kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo sokuncibilika. Lezi zinto zibalulekile ekufinyeleleni ikhwalithi efiselekayo yokululama kweGolide.

1. Ukuhlanzwa: Isinyathelo sokuqala kule nqubo ukuhlanzwa, lapho igolide eliqinile lincibilikiswa khona kwisisombululo se-cyanide esiqukethe umoya-mpilo. Lesi sixazululo sivumela ukukhishwa kwegolide ku-ore, sihlukanise ngempumelelo kwamanye amaminerali.

2. Ukugeza: Ngemva kokukhipha igolide, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukugeza. Le nqubo ihilela ukubuyisa isixazululo esinegolide ngemva kokukhipha igolide bese isusa igolide elincibilikisiwe ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-ore. Umgomo ukufeza ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi igolide lihlukaniswe ngempumelelo nezinto ezisele.

3. Ukufakwa esikhundleni: Isinyathelo sokugcina enkambisweni yokukhipha ukufaka esikhundleni, lapho ikhambi eliqukethe igolide liphathwa nge-zinc yensimbi. Lesi sinyathelo sinciphisa futhi sinciphise igolide, okuvumela ukuthi liphinde litholakale liqinile.

Izithako Ezibalulekile Ekukhishweni Kwegolide Le-Cyanide

Izinhlanganisela ezimbili eziyinhloko zidlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokukhipha igolide le-cyanide: i-cyanide ne-alkali evikelayo.

1. ICyanide

I-Cyanide iyitshe lesisekelo lenqubo yokukhipha amanzi. Ezisetshenzisweni zezimboni, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo eziningana ze-cyanide, okuhlanganisa i-Potassium cyanide (KCN), i-sodium cyanide (NaCN), i-Calcium cyanide [Ca(CN)2], kanye ne -Ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Phakathi kwalezi, i-sodium cyanide iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kanye nokutholakala kwayo.

I-sodium cyanide iyimpushana emhlophe enobuthi kakhulu evame ukukhiqizwa ibe yindilinga noma amafomu ebhulokhi ukuze kube lula ukuyiphatha. Amandla ayo njenge-ejenti yokucwilisa ayenza ibaluleke kakhulu enqubweni yokukhipha igolide, kodwa futhi idinga imithetho eqinile yokuphepha ukuze kwehliswe izingozi ezihlobene nobuthi bayo.

2. I-Alkali Evikelayo

Indima ye-alkali evikelayo enqubweni yokukhipha igolide ye-cyanide ayikwazi ukuncishiswa. Inhloso eyinhloko yokwengeza i-alkali evikelayo ukugcina ukuzinza kwesisombululo se-cyanide nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-cyanide nge-hydrolysis. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi inqubo yokuleaching ihlala isebenza kahle futhi isebenza ngempumelelo.

I-alkali evikelayo ivamise ukungezwa phakathi nesigaba sokuvuza noma phakathi nenqubo yokugaya i-cyanide ore. Ezimweni lapho ukwakheka kwe-ore kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuqukethe amaminerali afana ne-pyrrhotite, okungaba yingozi enqubweni ye-cyanide, ukungezwa kwezinsiza ezivikelayo ze-alkali ku-oxidation noma imvula yala maminerali ayingozi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle jikelele kwenqubo yokukhipha kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekuphepheni nasekusimameni kwemvelo komsebenzi.

Isiphetho

Inqubo yokukhipha igolide ye-cyanide iyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukuqonda okujulile kokusebenzisana kwamakhemikhali okuhlukahlukene kanye nemingcele yokusebenza. I-sodium cyanide, njengengxenye ebalulekile, idlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni ngempumelelo igolide etsheni. Ngokulawula izici ezifana nokugxiliswa kwe-cyanide, amazinga omoya-mpilo, i-alkalinity, nesikhathi sokucubungula, imisebenzi yezimayini ingathuthukisa imizamo yayo yokukhipha igolide.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka kwe-alkali evikelayo ekuzinziseni isisombululo se-cyanide kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela yamaminerali ayingozi angeke kushaywe indiva. Njengoba imboni yezimayini iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukuqonda okuphelele kwalezi zinqubo nezinhlanganisela kuzobaluleka ukuze kuqinisekiswe izindlela zokumba igolide eziphephile, ezisebenza kahle futhi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kwimvelo.

Kafushane, ngenkathi i-sodium cyanide ivame ukubukwa nge-lens yobuthi bayo, ukubaluleka kwayo enqubweni yokukhipha igolide kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuthola ulwazi oluvamile oluzungeze le ndlela, ababambiqhaza embonini yezimayini bangakwazi ukuzulazula kangcono ubunzima bokutholwa kwegolide futhi bafake isandla ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwezinqubo zezimayini.