Sodium Cyanide: Kiyi yeKushanda uye Inodhura-Inoshanda Yakaderera-Giredhi Kuchera Goridhe

Munzvimbo yekuchera goridhe, kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepasi kwagara kuri basa rakaoma. Zvisinei, nekuuya kwetekinoroji itsva nenzira, zvave nyore uye zvine pundutso. Imwe nzira yakadaro yakachinja kuburitsa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepasi ndeyekushandisa Sodium cyanide . Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa kuti Sodium Cyanide inogonesa sei kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepasi pasi nenzira inoshanda uye isingadhuri.

Nzira Yechinyakare: Cyanidation

Nzira yeCyanidation , inosanganisira kushandisa sodium cyanide pakubvisa goridhe , ine nhoroondo refu. Kubva payakatanga kushandiswa muna 1887 kubvisa goridhe nesirivha, yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yegoridhe yepasi rose uye ichiri kushanda zvakanyanya. Maitiro aya ari nyore. Kana iri goridhe remhando yepasi, maitiro akajairika ndekutanga kugadzirira dombo. Dombo rinowanzo pwanywa kusvika pahukuru hwakakodzera kuti riwedzere nzvimbo yaro yepamusoro, izvo zvinoita kuti riite nyore nemhinduro yecyanide . Zvadaro, mhinduro yecyanide, inowanzo nyungudutswa mumvura, inounzwa. Goridhe riri mudombo rinoita zvinoenderana nemaion ecyanide kana paine oxygen kuti rigadzire soluble gold cyanide complexes. Semuenzaniso, reaction yemakemikari inogona kurerutswa seinotevera: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂] + 4NaOH. Izvi zvinobvumira goridhe kuti rinyungudutswe uye riparadzaniswe neore matrix.

Zvakanakira Kushandisa Sodium Cyanide mune Yakaderera-Giredhi Goridhe Kuchera

Kubudirira Kwepamusoro

Sodium cyanide ine hukama hwepamusoro hwegoridhe. Inogona kunyungudutsa goridhe kubva kune ore, kunyangwe iyo goridhe iri yakaderera. Kusarudzwa uku kwakakosha sezvo kuchibvumira kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva mumatombo uko mamwe mamineral anogona kunge aripo muhuwandu hwakakura. Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa, cyanidation ine sodium cyanide inogona kuwana yakakwira goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvichienderana nemhando yesimbi, kudzoreredza mitengo ye50 - 80% kana kunyange yakakwira se90% inogona kuwanikwa. Uku kushanda kwakanyanya kunoreva kuti goridhe rakawanda rinogona kutorwa kubva pachiyero chakafanana chegiredhi-giredhi ore, kuwedzera kukosha kweiyo sosi.

Mutengo-Kubudirira

Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha ekushandisa sodium cyanide kune yakaderera-giredhi goridhe kudhirowa ndiko kudhura kwayo. Iyo yose nzira yecyanidation yakatwasuka. Izvo hazvidi midziyo yakaoma uye inodhura zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa. Semuyenzaniso, mukuvhiya kwemurwi, inova nzira yakajairika yekugadzira yakaderera-giredhi ores yegoridhe uchishandisa sodium cyanide, izvo zvinonyanya kudiwa iakakodzera leaching pad, sisitimu yekupfapfaidza cyanide solution, uye midziyo yekunhonga mushonga une nhumbu. Izvi zviri nyore mumidziyo uye maitiro zvinoderedza zvese zvekutanga capital investment uye mari yekushandisa. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yakaderera mutengo wesodium cyanide pachayo, kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe ehunyanzvi ekubvisa reagents, inowedzera kunobatsira mukudhura-kushanda kwemaitiro.

Matambudziko uye Mhinduro mukushandiswa kweSodium Cyanide

Kupindira kweArsenic

Mukugocha uye cyaniding process yegoridhe concentrate, arsenic chinhu chikuru chinogona kukanganisa cyanide leaching rate yegoridhe nesirivheri. Kana iyo arsenic yemukati megoridhe concentrate ichiwedzera, mwero wekutorwa kwegoridhe nesirivheri uchishandisa sodium cyanide unodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvisinei, mhinduro dzakagadzirwa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Kuwedzera 4% kusvika 5% sodium sulfate kune ore sampuli panguva yekugocha kunogona zvinobudirira kuwedzera cyanide leaching rate yegoridhe nesirivha mune arsenic-ine goridhe concentrate. Ichi chigadziriso mukugadzirisa kwekugocha kunobatsira kuderedza kukanganisa kwakashata kwe arsenic uye kuchengetedza kushanda kweiyo cyanidation process.

Zvezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa Zvinonetsa

Cyanide chinhu chine njodzi, uye kushandiswa kwayo nekutakurwa kwayo zvinodiwa zvakanyanya. Sodium cyanide waste liquid inogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kunharaunda. Kugadzirisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza ane chekuita nesodium cyanide waste liquid, hydrogen peroxide inogona kushandiswa. Iyi inzira yekubvisa oxidation uye degradation. Kana hydrogen peroxide yasangana nesodium cyanide waste liquid, sodium bi Carbon ate uye ammonia gasi zvinogadzirwa. Nzira iyi ine zvakanakira zvekushanda nesimba uye kuchengetedza mari mukurapa cyanide waste.

Panyaya yekuchengeteka, mitemo yakasimba iripo. Sodium cyanide ikemikari yakakosha inoda rezinesi rekunze uye chitupa chekupedzisira-mushandisi usati waunza kunze kwenyika. Panguva yekuchengetera uye kushandiswa, haifanirwe kuiswa pamwe chete neasidhi, nitrites, nitrate, uye zvimwe zvinhu, sezvo kuiisa munzvimbo ine acidic kunoderedza chigadzirwa chemhando uye mhedzisiro yekushandisa. Inofanirwa kuchengetwa munzvimbo ine mhepo uye yakaoma, zviri nani mune yakakosha imba yekuchengetera kana kaviri-yakakiyiwa yakakosha kabati. Kugara uchitarisa, kuchengetedza, uye kutonga kwekushisa uye hunyoro hwenzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinodiwa, pamwe chete neakakodzera mhepo kana dehumidification matanho. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanirawo kunge ine masiki egasi anoenderana, masiki, zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo, uye midziyo yekudzimisa moto.

Nyaya Zvidzidzo zveSodium Cyanide muLow-Giredhi Goridhe Kuchera

Kushandiswa kweZijin Mining muZijinshan Gold Mine

Zijin Mining yakabudirira kushandisa nzira yecyanidation vachishandisa sodium cyanide muZijinshan Gold Mine. Nekupfapfaidza mushonga wecyanide (sodium cyanide solution) pamatombo egoridhe akapwanyika, vakakwanisa kuburitsa goridhe nemutengo wakaderera. Chishandiso ichi hachina kungo mutsa mukana wekucherwa kwegoridhe kwakaderera munzvimbo iyi asi chapawo Zijin Mining mukana wakakura wemutengo mumusika wegoridhe. Kuita kwavo kwakabudirira kunoratidza kushanda nesimba kwekushandisa sodium cyanide yepasi-giredhi kudhirowa kwegoridhe mukucherwa chaiko kwenyika.

Global Prevalence yeCyanidation muLow-Grade Gold Mines

Pasi rose, migodhi yakawanda yegoridhe yakaderera inovimba necyanidation ine sodium cyanide. Munzvimbo dzakadai seNorth America, South America, neAustralia, uko kune matura akawanda egoridhe regiredhi rakaderera, cyanidation inzira inowanzoshandiswa. Migodhi iyi yakakwenenzvera nzira yekuenzanisa kushanda kwayo, mutengo, uye zvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza zvinonetsa. Ivo vanoramba vachidyara mari mukutsvagisa nekusimudzira kuvandudza mashandiro ecyanidation, senge kudzora kurinani kweiyo cyanide, nzira dzekugadzirira ore, uye nzira dzepamusoro dzekurapa tsvina yecyanide, zvese zvine chinangwa chekuwedzera mabhenefiti ekushandisa sodium cyanide yekuchera goridhe yakaderera-giredhi.

mhedziso

Sodium cyanide inoita basa rakakosha mukuita uye kudhura-kubvisa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Kunyangwe zvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo, senge arsenic kupindira uye zvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza zvinetswa, nemhinduro dzakakodzera tekinoroji uye kuchengetedzwa kwakasimba uye kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza, iyo cyanidation process inoramba iri imwe yeanonyanya kuita sarudzo yekuchera goridhe yepasi-giredhi. Sezvo kudiwa kwegoridhe kuri kuramba kuchikura uye epamusoro-giredhi goridhe madhipoziti ave kushomeka, kukosha kwekusimudzira sodium cyanide kuvhura kukosha kweakaderera-giredhi goridhe ores kuchawedzera chete. Makambani emigodhi nevaongorori vangangoenderera mberi nekuvandudza munzvimbo ino kuti vaenderere mberi nekusimudzira mashandiro uye kusimba kwemaitiro ekubvisa goridhe vachishandisa sodium cyanide.