Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe Eziyisishiyagalombili Zokukhishwa Kwegolide Kwe-Cyanidation Kuma-Gold Ores

Ukukhishwa kwegolide nge-cyanidation kuyindlela esebenzisa i-cyanide njengesixazululo sokukhipha igolide. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bayo obuvuthiwe, izinga eliphezulu lokukhipha igolide, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokuqinile nama-ore, inqubo ye-cyanidation isalokhu ingenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwegolide kuze kube namuhla. Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-cyanidation, kubalulekile ukulawula zonke izici zobuchwepheshe ukuqinisekisa imbuyiselo enhle kwezomnotho. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula ezidingweni zobuchwepheshe eziyisishiyagalombili zokukhishwa kwegolide nge-cyanidation kuma-ore egolide.

1. I-Aeration kanye ne-Cyanide Addition

I-Cyanide yengezwa ku-slurry ngemva kokugaya ukuze kuncibilike igolide, yenze izinsimbi zensimbi. Ifomula yokusabela imi kanje: [Ifomula yokusabela kufanele ifakwe lapha uma ikhona]. Njengoba kungabonakala ku-equation, i-oxygen iyadingeka ngesikhathi sokusabela kwegolide leaching. Ngakho-ke, ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, umoya ungeniswa ethangini le-leaching. Ingcindezi yokungenisa umoya ivamise ukuba ngu-1 kg, futhi izinga lokungenisa umoya lingaphezu kuka-0.002 m³ ngomzuzu kuyi-cubic meter ngayinye yodaka.

2. Ukwengezwa kwe-Alkali Evikelayo

Ukuze kugcinwe ukugcwala kwe-cyanide odaka, kuvinjwe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, futhi kugwenywe ukukhiqizwa nokulahlekelwa igesi enobuthi ye-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), i-alkali kufanele yengezwe ethangini elivuzayo. Lokhu kugcina i-slurry inenani eliphakeme kakhulu le-pH (10.5 - 11). Emkhiqizweni wezimboni, ubisi lwe-lime noma i-lime luvame ukusetshenziswa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-NaOH yengezwa ukuze kulungiswe okungeziwe.

3. Ukugcina I-Slurry Esimeni Esimisiwe

Inqubo yokukhipha igolide ye-cyanidation inezidingo ezithile zokusebenza kwethangi elinyakazayo le-leaching (adsorption). Ngaphansi kwesimo sokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, izinhlayiya zegolide ezikhululiwe noma ezivele obala ku-slurry akufanele zifake ethangini. I-slurry, i-cyanide, i-lime, nomoya kufanele kuxutshwe kahle futhi kumiswe ethangini. Ukugxila kwe-slurry kufanele kufane kuzo zonke izingxenye zethangi, ngaphandle kokuhlelwa eduze nokujula kwethangi, futhi ukusabalalisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana kufanele kube ngokulinganayo.

4. Ukugcina I-Slurry Concentration Efanelekile

Lapho ukuminyana kwe-ore yegolide eyenziwa i-cyanided kusuka ku-2.65 kuya ku-2.8. i-leaching slurry concentration evamile yi-40 - 45%. Lapho ukuminyana kokugxila kwe-flotation kungu-3 - 3.5. ukugxila okujwayelekile kwe-leaching kungu-30 - 40%. Ubuhle bento ngokuvamile bufana nokuthi u-80 - 95% wayo udlula ku-200 - mesh sieve. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza zibonisa ukuthi izinto ezihlukene nezimo zokukhiqiza zidinga amathangi ahlukene okuyaluza.

5. Ukunciphisa Ukuguga Nomsindo Wezingxenye Ezinyakazayo

Ukuze unciphise ukuguga kwe-agitator futhi unwebe impilo yayo yesevisi, ama-impellers amaningi ekukhiqizeni izimboni kukhona i-raber - lined. Idivayisi yokudlulisa kufanele icutshungulwe ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisela phambili nomsindo ophansi.

6. Ukunciphisa Ukugqoka Kwekhabhoni

Enqubweni ye -Carbon - in - pulp, ikhabhoni ingezwa ethangini lokumunca ukuze imunce igolide elikhuphukile. Uma amandla okumunca ethangi lokumunca elikhuphukile linamandla kakhulu, ikhabhoni izogaywa futhi ilahleke; uma ibuthakathaka kakhulu, kuzokwenzeka ukuchitheka. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi kugcinwa ukushelela esimweni sokulenga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhabhoni yokuqina okuphezulu kufanele ikhethwe ukuze ikhiqizwe, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, ijubane lokujikeleza le-impeller kufanele lincishiswe ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwekhabhoni kanye namandla okufaka ethangini lokumunca elikhuphukile.

7. Ukunquma Isikali Esifanele

Njengamanje, amandla okucutshungulwa kwezitshalo ezijwayelekile ze-cyanidation asukela kushumi nambili kuya emashumini ezinkulungwane zamathani ngosuku. Uma isikali sikhulu, kudingeka umhlaba omningi, imishini emikhulu, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu. Izimayini kufanele zinqume isikali esifanele sesitshalo ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela.

8. Ukunciphisa Isisindo Semishini Nokutshalwa Kwezimali

Lapho ukhetha ithangi elidonsa amanzi, kufanele lisebenze kahle kakhulu futhi longe amandla okukhipha amanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idivayisi yokudlulisela kufanele ithathe isikhala esincane, futhi okokusebenza kufanele kube lula. Uma isikali, ukugxilwa kwe-slurry, nesikhathi sokuvuza sekunqunyiwe, inani lamathangi lingatholwa. Nokho, ubukhulu bethangi elinyakazayo kufanele bufanele isikali. Isibonelo, uma isitshalo se-cyanidation esingu-500 - t/d sisasebenzisa ithangi elinyakazayo elingu-φ3.5×3.5 m, kuyodingeka imishini eyengeziwe, ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali. Ngakho-ke, kuphela lapho okokusebenza kungasindi futhi isikali sifanelekile lapho ukutshalwa kwezimali kokwakhiwa kwebhizinisi kungancishiswa.

Lezi yizimfuneko eziyisishiyagalombili zobuchwepheshe zezitshalo zegolide ze-cyanidation. Abanikazi bezimayini kufanele balawule ngokuqinile yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ekukhiqizeni kwangempela futhi baqaphe amapharamitha ahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sangempela ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa kwezomnotho okubangelwa ukusebenza okungafanele. Abanikazi bezimayini bangaphinde baxhumane nabakhiqizi abaneziqu eziphelele zokukhetha izitshalo. Kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo ze-ore - dressing kusenesikhathi bese wenza izinhlelo ezifanele zokukhetha izitshalo ezisuselwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa.