Bambance-bambance tsakanin albarkatun albarkatun sinadarai sodium cyanide da potassium cyanide

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) da potassium cyanide (KCN) dukkansu muhimman kayan sinadarai ne marasa tsari waɗanda ke da amfani mai mahimmanci a masana'antu. Duk da haka, suna da halaye daban-daban waɗanda suka bambanta su a fannoni daban-daban. Bari mu bincika bambance-bambancensu dalla-dalla a fannoni daban-daban.

jiki Properties

Appearance

Sinadarin potassium cyanide yawanci yana fitowa a matsayin farin ƙwallo mai tauri, yayin da sinadarin sodium cyanide ake ganinsa a cikin siffar farin crystalline granules ko foda. Bugu da ƙari, sinadarin potassium cyanide yana fitar da ɗan ƙamshin almond mai ɗaci, wanda zai iya zama siffa mai sauƙi amma mai mahimmanci ta gano shi. A gefe guda kuma, sinadarin sodium cyanide yana da tsafta sosai kuma yana da kaddarorin lalata, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama dole a adana shi da kuma sarrafa shi da taka tsantsan don hana sha danshi da kuma lalacewar da zai iya yi wa kwantena ajiya.

Ƙaddamarwa Point

Dangane da wuraren narkewa, sinadarin potassium cyanide yana da matsakaicin zafin narkewa na kimanin 634.5°C, yayin da Sodium Cyanide ke narkewa a kusan 563.7°C. Wannan bambancin wuraren narkewa na iya yin tasiri ga sarrafawa da amfani da su a wuraren masana'antu inda sarrafa zafin jiki yake da mahimmanci.

solubility

Dangane da solubility, potassium cyanide yana narkewa cikin sauri a cikin ruwa da glycerol, yana sauƙaƙe amfani da shi a cikin matakai daban-daban na tushen ruwa. Sodium cyanide, akasin haka, yana nuna solubility a cikin ruwa ammonia da ethanol, yana ba da damar aikace-aikacen sa a cikin takamaiman halayen sinadarai da hanyoyin masana'antu waɗanda ke buƙatar waɗannan kaushi.

yawa

Yawan waɗannan mahadi guda biyu suma sun bambanta, inda potassium cyanide ke da yawa na 1.52 g/cm³, yayin da Sodium cyanide ke da yawa a kusan 1.60 g/cm³. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen yawa na iya shafar tsarin sarrafawa, jigilar kaya, da haɗa abubuwa a aikace-aikacen masana'antu.

Chemical Properties

Reactivity tare da Wasu Abubuwan

Idan ana maganar amsawar sinadarai, sinadarin potassium cyanide yana amsawa da acid don samar da iskar hydrogen cyanide mai guba sosai, wani martani da dole ne a kula da shi sosai don hana sakin wannan abu mai kisa. Sodium cyanide, idan aka fallasa shi ga Carbon dioxide, yana fuskantar raguwar narkewa a hankali, wani siffa da ke shafar ajiyarsa da kwanciyar hankalinsa akan lokaci. Potassium cyanide yana fitar da zafi lokacin da yake amsawa da ruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da haɗari idan ba a sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata ba. Sodium cyanide, idan aka haɗa shi da sinadarai masu ƙarfi, na iya haifar da fashewar abubuwa, yana mai jaddada mahimmancin tsauraran ka'idojin sarrafawa.

Aikace-aikace

Amfanin Masana'antu

Amfani da sinadarin potassium cyanide da sodium cyanide sun sha bamban sosai. Potassium cyanide yana samun amfani mai yawa a masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki, inda yake taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta inganci da dorewar rufin ƙarfe. Hakanan yana aiki a matsayin matsakaici a cikin haɗakar kwayoyin halitta, yana ba da gudummawa ga samar da nau'ikan mahadi na kwayoyin halitta daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, potassium cyanide yana da hannu a cikin shirya ferri cyanide , waɗanda ke da amfani a cikin daukar hoto da sauran hanyoyin sinadarai.

Sodium cyanide, a daya bangaren, ana amfani da shi ne wajen hako karafa masu daraja irin su zinare. Ƙarfinsa na samar da barga masu ƙarfi tare da ion zinariya ya sa ya zama mahimmancin reagent a aikin hakar gwal da tacewa. Ana kuma amfani da ita wajen samar da nitriles, waxanda suke da muhimmanci tubalan gini wajen haxa sinadarai masu yawa, robobi, da magunguna. Bugu da ƙari kuma, sodium cyanide yana da aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, kodayake ana yin amfani da shi sosai saboda tsananin guba.

La'akari da Lafiya

Karɓarwa da Adanawa

Tsaro yana da matuƙar mahimmanci yayin da ake hulɗa da duka potassium cyanide da sodium cyanide saboda tsananin gubarsu. Potassium cyanide yawanci ana tattara shi a cikin ganguna na ƙarfe da aka rufe don hana yaɗuwa da fallasa. Dole ne a yi jigilar ta cikin tsananin bin ƙa'idodin sinadarai masu haɗari, kuma samar da shi yana buƙatar tsauraran matakan tsaro don kare ma'aikata daga fallasa. A yayin saduwa da fata tare da potassium cyanide, ana buƙatar kulawar likita nan da nan saboda yana iya haifar da guba cikin sauri. Ci ko da ƙaramin adadin zai iya zama mai mutuwa.

Sodium cyanide ya kamata a adana shi a wuri mai sanyi, busasshen don hana shayar da danshi da lalacewa. Yayin gudanar da aiki, dole ne a yi taka tsantsan don hana lalacewar kwantena, saboda duk wani ɗigon ruwa na iya haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli kuma yana haifar da haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Idan akwai ruwan leak na sodium cyanide, akwai daidaitattun hanyoyin amsa gaggawa don bi don rage tasirin muhalli da amincin ɗan adam. Shakar sodium cyanide na iya haifar da mummunar illa ga tsarin numfashi, kuma yana haifar da babban haɗarin gurɓataccen muhalli idan ba a sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata ba.

A ƙarshe, yayin da potassium cyanide da sodium cyanide ke raba sifa ta gama gari na matsananciyar guba, bambance-bambancen su a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin jiki, halayen sinadarai, aikace-aikace, da buƙatun aminci suna da yawa. Fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambance yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aminci da ingantaccen amfani da su a cikin hanyoyin masana'antu daban-daban. Dukkanin mahadi biyu suna buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan bin ka'ida, kulawa da hankali, da kulawa da kyau don hana hatsarori, kare lafiyar ɗan adam, da kiyaye muhalli.