Bincike kan Tsarin Hanawa na Sodium Cyanide a cikin Rabewar Lead-Zinc

1. Gabatarwa

A fannin sarrafa ma'adinai, rabuwar gubar da ma'adinan zinc na da matukar muhimmanci. Froth flotation hanya ce da aka saba amfani da ita don wannan rabuwa, kuma yin amfani da abubuwan da suka dace da damuwa yana da mahimmanci don samun ingantacciyar rabuwa. Sodium cyanide An daɗe ana amfani da shi azaman mai rage damuwa a cikin rabuwar gubar-zinc. Fahimtar tsarin hanawa yana da mahimmanci don inganta tsarin flotation, haɓaka haɓakar rabuwa, da rage yawan amfani da reagent. Wannan labarin yana nufin gudanar da nazari na yau da kullum akan tsarin hanawa na Sodium cyanide a cikin gubar-zinc rabuwa yawo.

2. Matsayin Masu Bacin rai a Ruwa

A cikin kumfa flotation tsari, depressants su ne reagents wanda zai iya hana ko rage adsorption ko mataki na masu tarawa a saman da wadanda ba manufa ma'adinai da kuma samar da wani hydrophilic fim a kan wadannan ma'adinai saman. A cikin flotation na gubar-zinc, manufar farko ita ce raba ma'adinan gubar (kamar galena) daga ma'adanai na zinc (kamar sphalerite). Ba tare da ingantattun abubuwan bacin rai ba, yana da ƙalubale don cimma tsafta mai tsafta saboda duka ma'adinan gubar da zinc na iya nuna irin halayen hawan ruwa a gaban masu tarawa.

3. Hydrolysis na Sodium Cyanide da Alakarsa da pH

Sodium cyanide hydrolyzes a cikin ruwa, kuma samfuran hydrolysis suna da alaƙa da ƙimar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara. Nazarin gwaji ya nuna cewa lokacin da ɓangaren litattafan almara pH ya kasance 7.0. kusan dukkanin sodium Cyanide hydrolyzes don samar da iskar hydrogen cyanide. Lokacin da ɓangaren litattafan almara shine 12.0. sodium cyanide kusan gaba ɗaya ya rabu cikin ions cyanide. Lokacin da ɓangaren litattafan almara shine 9.3. Matsakaicin hydrogen cyanide zuwa ions cyanide shine 1: 1. Wannan dabi'ar hydrolysis mai dogaro da pH na sodium cyanide yana tasiri tasirin hanawa akan ma'adanai.

4. Hanyoyin hanawa na Sodium Cyanide akan Sphalerite

4.1 Rushewar Fim ɗin Copper Sulfide Mai kunnawa akan saman Sphalerite

Lokacin da aka kunna sphalerite ta hanyar jan karfe sulfate, fim ɗin sulfide na jan karfe yana tasowa akan farfajiyar sa, wanda ke haɓaka floatability na sphalerite. Sodium cyanide na iya narkar da wannan fim din sulfide na jan karfe a saman sphalerite. Da zarar an narkar da fim ɗin sulfide na jan karfe, asalin sphalerite na asali tare da ƙarancin floatability yana fallasa. Sabili da haka, ya zama mafi wuya ga mai tarawa don ƙaddamarwa a kan sphalerite surface, yadda ya kamata ya hana floatability na sphalerite.

4.2 Samar da Fim na Hydrophilic akan Sphalerite Surface

Cyanide ions a cikin cyanide sodium na iya musanya-adsorb tare da anions kamar sulfate ions da wadanda daga masu tarawa irin su xanthates a kan saman sphalerite. Alal misali, lokacin da ake amsawa tare da ions zinc a saman sphalerite, zai iya samar da fim din zinc cyanide na hydrophilic. Wannan fim din hydrophilic yana hana hulɗar da ke tsakanin sphalerite surface da mai tarawa, yana rage tallan mai tattarawa akan farfajiyar sphalerite, don haka cimma burin hana flotation na sphalerite.

4.3 Rushewa - Haɗin Karfe Xanthates

Sodium cyanide yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don narke da hadaddun tare da xanthates na ƙarfe, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su masu tarawa a cikin flotation na ma'adinai na sulfide. Don ma'adinan da ke da alaƙa da zinc, rukunin xanthate-zinc da aka kafa akan farfajiyar sphalerite za a iya lalata su ta hanyar sodium cyanide. Ƙaddamar da sodium cyanide tare da ions karfe a cikin xanthates yana raunana haɗin gwiwa tsakanin mai tarawa da ma'adinan ma'adinai, yana haifar da xanthates don desorb daga saman sphalerite. A sakamakon haka, an hana floatability na sphalerite.

5. Zaɓin Sodium Cyanide zuwa Ma'adanai daban-daban

Dangane da ikon sodium cyanide don samar da barga na cyanide hadaddun tare da karafa daban-daban, karafa na yau da kullun da ma'adinan su za a iya kasu kashi uku:

1. Ma'adanai na gubar, thallium, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, tin, rhodium: Wadannan ma'adanai ba za su iya samar da barga na cyanide ba tare da sodium cyanide. Don haka, sodium cyanide ba shi da wani tasiri mai hanawa akan waɗannan ma'adanai. A cikin flotation na gubar-zinc, wannan dukiya tana tabbatar da cewa ba a hana ma'adinan gubar ta sodium cyanide kuma ana iya yin iyo da kyau.

2. Ma'adanai na platinum, SAURARA, azurfa, cadmium, jan karfe: Waɗannan ma'adanai na iya samar da barga na cyanide complexes tare da sodium cyanide, amma ana buƙatar babban adadin sodium cyanide don cimma hanawa. A cikin mahallin rabuwar gubar-zinc, idan akwai datti mai dauke da tagulla a cikin ma'adinan, ana iya buƙatar babban adadin sodium cyanide don hana ma'adinan da ke da alaka da jan karfe da kuma hana tsangwama tare da rabuwa da gubar da zinc.

3. Ma'adanai na zinc, nickel, zinariya, baƙin ƙarfe: Waɗannan ma'adanai na iya samar da barga mai ƙarfi na cyanide tare da sodium cyanide. Sodium cyanide yana da mafi girman tasirin hanawa akan waɗannan ma'adanai, kuma ƙaramin adadin sodium cyanide zai iya haifar da gagarumin hanawa. A cikin rabewar gubar-zinc flotation, wannan halayen yana ba da damar hana ingantaccen ma'adanai masu ɗaukar ƙarfe (irin su pyrite) da ma'adanai masu ɗauke da zinc, waɗanda ke da fa'ida ga zaɓin flotation na ma'adinan gubar.

6. Aikace-aikace da La'akari

A ainihin ayyukan rabuwar gubar-zinc, yin amfani da sodium cyanide yana buƙatar ingantawa a hankali. Ya kamata a daidaita adadin sodium cyanide bisa ga takamaiman abun da ke cikin ma'adinai, abun ciki na gubar da ma'adanai na zinc, da kasancewar sauran ƙazanta. Idan adadin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, hana ma'adinan zinc da ma'adinan gangue masu alaƙa na iya zama rashin wadatuwa, yana haifar da ƙarancin dalma mai tsabta. Sabanin haka, idan adadin ya yi yawa, ba wai kawai yana haɓaka farashin reagent ba amma kuma yana iya haifar da matsalolin muhalli saboda gubar cyanide.

Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda ke shafar hydrolysis na sodium cyanide, dole ne a sarrafa shi sosai. Matsakaicin pH mai dacewa don flotation na gubar-zinc ta yin amfani da sodium cyanide yawanci a kusa da 9 - 11. A cikin wannan kewayon pH, sodium cyanide zai iya kasancewa a cikin wani nau'i wanda ya dace da hana ma'adinan zinc yayin da yake rage asarar ma'adinan gubar saboda hanawa.

7. Kammalawa

Sodium cyanide yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rarrabuwar gubar-zinc ta hanyar hanyoyin hanawa da yawa. Ta hanyar narkar da fim din jan karfe sulfide da aka kunna akan saman sphalerite, samar da fim din hydrophilic akan farfajiyar sphalerite, da kuma narkar da xanthates na ƙarfe, yadda ya kamata ya hana flotation na ma'adanai na zinc. Zaɓin sa ga ma'adanai daban-daban yana ba da tushe don rarraba gubar da ma'adanai na zinc. Koyaya, a aikace-aikace masu amfani, abubuwan kamar sarrafa sashi da daidaitawar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara suna buƙatar yin la'akari da su a hankali don cimma ingantacciyar, tattalin arziƙi, da rarrabuwar dalma-zinc. Ƙarin bincike a cikin wannan yanki na iya mayar da hankali kan haɓaka hanyoyin da za su dace da muhalli ga sodium cyanide yayin kiyayewa ko inganta haɓakar ma'adinan gubar-zinc.